译者：ken
来源：三泰虎论坛 http://www.santaihu.cn
外文：http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bengal-Bihar-home-to-most-homeless/articleshow/45225154.cms
Bengal, Bihar home to most homeless
孟加拉邦、比哈尔邦 - 大多数无家可归者之乡
NEW DELHI: As many as 4.3 crore families in rural India do not have a house, with West Bengal leading the table followed by Bihar in yet another evidence of the eastern region's backwardness.
新德里：在印度农村，多达4千3百万个家庭没有住房，西孟加拉邦居榜首，比哈尔邦随后，又一个东部地区落后的明证。
Bengal has as many as 35 lakh houseless families while Bihar has 34 lakh. Madhya Pradesh occupies the third slot with 32 lakh houseless families. Uttar Pradesh, the country's most populous state, has 25 lakh families without houses.
孟加拉邦无房户家庭高达350万户，而比哈尔为340万户。中央邦以320万户无房户家庭居第3位。北方邦，全国人口最多的州，拥有250万户没有住房的家庭。
The data on "house-lessness" flows from the ongoing Socio-Economic Caste Census which is tasked with map poverty indicators in rural India to better target welfare schemes.
这个关于“没有住房”的数据来自正在进行的'社会经济种姓普查'，这次普查的任务是描绘出印度农村贫困示意图，以使福利计划更具针对性。
The SECC data of 4.3 crore houseless families tallies with the Planning Commission's estimate of 4 crore for the 12th plan period calculated on the basis of 2001 census as well as Census 2011.
'社会经济种姓普查'的数据是4千3百万家庭没有住房。规划委员会以2001年和2011年人口普查为基础，为第12个计划期间作出的估计为4千万，这数据与估计吻合。
A rural household is considered without shelter if it doesn't have a house or lives in a one-room or two-room house that has "kutchha walls and roof". Evidently, the states dominating the negative list are those with less urbanization and high poverty.
一个农村家庭，如果没有住房、或者只有一到二间'屋顶和墙为临时性搭建'的屋子，被认定为无房户。很明显，主导这一负面列表的是那些城镇化较差和高度贫困的邦州。
Other deprived states are Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra.
其它贫困邦州是奥里蕯、拉贾斯坦、泰米尔纳德、恰蒂斯加尔和马哈拉施特拉。
As many as 2.5 crore households have houses with one-room of 'kuchcha roof and walls' while 1.8 crore have two-room dwellings of 'kuchcha roof and walls'.
有1间'屋顶和墙为临时性搭建'屋子的家庭多达2,500万户，而有2间'屋顶和墙为临时性搭建'住处的家庭为1,800万户。
Interestingly, while the number of those without any kind of shelter is very less across states, those with 'kuchcha roof and wall' houses is very high, indicating the massive presence of jhuggis or huts. Like, Andhra has just 21,119 families living under open skies while Bengal has a meagre 4,182 and Bihar has 3,368 who are on the roads.
有趣的是，各州没有任何形式居所的数目很少，而有'屋顶和墙为临时性搭建'住房很多，暗示着贫民窟和茅屋大规模的存在。比如，安得拉邦有21,119户家庭披星露宿，而孟加拉邦有4,182户、比哈尔有3,368户家庭流浪于路。
Calculating that roughly 20% houseless would not approach the government for a shelter, the rural development ministry has set itself a target of providing 3.20 crore families with a shelter under the rural housing scheme. The Indira Awas Yojana is set to be revamped as a housing mission with the target of "pucca houses for all" by 2022 - the 75th year of independence.
计算大概有20％的无房户不会向政府要房，乡村发展部给自己定了个目标，在乡村住房规划下向3,200万户家庭提供住房。已经定下，把The Indira Awas Yojana（印度政府农村住房福利计划，始于1985年）改组成'住房使命'，其目标是到2022年 - 独立75周年时，实现'人人有永久性住房'。
Sources said finances are a big challenge given the economic slump in the last few years. While states have increased their capacity to provide houses, the budget for rural housing will have to increase manifold to achieve the goal of providing pucca shelter to all rural families.
消息来源说，鉴于前几年经济急剧衰退，资金是个大挑战。许多邦州提供住房能力是有提高，但要达到农村家庭人人都有永久性住房这个目标，农村住房预算要增加好几倍。
以下为评论：
译者：ken
来源：三泰虎论坛 http://www.santaihu.cn/thread-9056-1-1.html
Komatineni Komatineni
but am sure they ahve mobile phones and all kind of 'wants'..
可是我确信他们有移动电话和各种'想要的东西'…
narasa.rao
Not unexpected!
不出意料！
kanwal_gill•
For cheap media publicity the ruling politicians often make big promises of various things for the public. But if the politicians really want to do something for the weaker sections then they should provide them housing and food.
为着廉价媒体曝光，台上政客常常在各种事情上对公众大作许愿。但如政客确实想为弱势群体做些事，他们就该提供住房和食物。
harackchandjainb Bafna
up bengal and bihar have become new scamsters and terrorist dens
北方邦、孟加拉邦和比哈尔邦成了骗子和恐怖份子的新窝点
ash punt•12165• •Unknown•3 hours ago
they live in huts but have flat panel tv , satelite , friges , motorbikes , smartphones !!
他们住茅屋，但有平板电视、卫星、冰箱、摩托车、智能手机!！
Madan
In hot country like India, does a one-room - with -brick -walls and -concrete- roof represent an improvement in rural India? A mud-wall house with thatched roof will be cool relatively. Besides, we have the tradition of slee out-doors under the sky in summer, anyway, even people living in posh bungalows in cities like Delhi. In short, the report is very confusing except for the fact that only a very small percentage of people have no roof over their heads, the very definition of 'homeless' in the west were sever weather conditions could lead to death by freezing or extreme cold temperatures among the 'homeless." True we must try to give adequate housing withe running water and sewage connection to every citizen in the land. Whether thatched roof is good or bad is a separate discussion.
在象印度这样炎热的国家，一个砖墙水泥顶的单间代表印度农村一项改善吗？一所土墙茅草顶的房子还相对凉快些。另外 ，再怎么说，我们有夏天睡在外的传统，哪怕是住在象德里这种城市的豪宅里。长话短说，除了有很小百分比的人顶无片瓦这个事实外，这报告很让人迷糊，西方无家可归的定义是在冰冻或极低温度下，恶劣气候可能导至无家可归者中有人死亡。我们必须努力给这片土地上的每个人适当的住所、清洁的自来水和下水道，这是对的。泥巴墙茅草顶是好是坏，另当别论。
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