Why does India lag behind in technology?
为什么印度技术落后？
【美版知乎quora网贴翻译】
Carl Elliott
Answered Jun 11, 2015
Indian people are extremely clever and are prepared to study, but the emphasis is always on money. I've never met so many people who are so focused on money.
If the focus was curiosity and creativity, then India has the brains to make huge advancements.
During travels around India, many people tell me about Indian religion and culture and food etc, but they never ask me about my life at home. If I offer a different view on culture based on my way o life at home, I am told that the Indian way is better. I think people could open their minds a little, ask more questions about the world outside of what they know,question they have been told all of their lives and they may find ways to push forwards.
271.1k Views · 14,621 Upvotes印度人聪明好学，关键是“钱”的问题。我从未见过这么多人痴迷于钱。
如果把精力投入于好奇心和创造力上，印度是有取得巨大成功的聪明才智的。
在印度旅行期间，很多人让我了解印度宗教、印度文化和印度食物等，但他们从未问我在国内的生活。如果我基于国内的生活方式，提出对文化的不同看法，我会被告知，印度的方式更好。我认为人们可以思想开放点，更多地了解外部世界，质疑他们被灌输的，或许能找到前进的方式。
Mira Zaslove, American, who has been to Delhi 8 times as a kid
Updated Jun 20, 2015
The biggest impediment to innovation and technological creation in India is largely political and cultural. India still struggles with corruption, bureaucracy, inequality, poverty, and lack of infrastructure. But considering that India just gained independence within the last 67 years, things have already come a long way. India's economy is growing. If India is able to continue to improve her political, economic, and cultural environment, I believe she will be able to leverage her knowledge and people to really take off.在印度，技术创新的最大障碍是政治和文化，印度仍然受困于腐败、官僚主义、不平等、贫困和基础设施缺乏。考虑到印度才独立67年，已经取得了长足发展。印度经济正增长。如果印度能继续改善政治、经济和文化环境，我相信她能利用知识，实现真正腾飞。
From an American's perspective:
I work in an engineering group at a Fortune 50 Silicon Valley tech firm. The Director, VP, and GM of the IT department are all Indian. Most of their spouses, are also Indians in technology. Indian consultants from WiPro, Infosys, Tata Consulting, and other contracting groups have replaced full time local employees.
Walk into any IT department of almost any major tech firm, and you will see more Indians than any other immigrant population. You will often find more Indians than Americas. Indians have conquered Silicon Valley.从一个美国人的角度看：
我在一家50强的硅谷科技公司中的小工程组工作。技术部的主管、副总、和总经理都是印度人。他们的配偶大多数也是印度技术人才。在WiPro、Infosys、塔塔咨询和其他承包集团的印度顾问已经取代了全职本地员工。
走进任何一家大型科技公司IT部门内，你会发现印度人比其他移民更多。你总会发现比美洲人更多的印度人。印度人已经征服了硅谷。
So, if you ask me: Indians ARE creating technology. The CEO of Microsoft (Satya Nadella), the co-founder of Sun Microsystems and one of the most successful VCs (Vinod Khosla) are Indian. Rajen Sheth, the founder of Google Apps, is Indian.
Yes, it is true that many of these individuals are Americans with Indian heritage. However, a large majority of them are also immigrants. I think it is meaningful, because I do not see this type of technological dominance with other ethnic groups.所以，如果你问我：印度正创造技术吗，微软CEO，太阳微系统的联合创始人，最成功的风险投资人之一 (Vinod Khosla) ，这些都是印度人。谷歌应用创始人Rajen Sheth也是印度人。
是，大多数是印度裔美国人。然而，他们大多数也是移民。我认为这有意义，目前没看到其他种族有这种技术优势。
Indians are also begng to leverage their success abroad and are bringing it back to India. According to Jaideep Prabhu, a professor at Cambridge Judge Business School, “The term brain drain is misleading because really we are in an era of brain circulation.”
Prabhu argues that the Surprising Secret of India’s Success Could Be its Brain Drain. He studied 116 Indian companies, and found:
“Leaders who had studied and worked abroad had a competitive advantage. This international edge helped them expand rapidly in developed markets, despite a lack of experience peddling their products and services in the West.”印度人也开始在国外取得成功，并将成功带回印度。根据剑桥大学商学院教授Jaideep Prabhu的说法，“人才流失是个误导，因为我们在一个智力循环的时代。”
Prabhu认为，印度成功的惊人秘密可能是人才流失。他研究了116家印度公司，并发现：
“在国外学习或工作的领导者有竞争优势。这种国际优势帮他们在发达市场迅速扩张。”
As the new generation graduating from IITs and IIMs, continue to innovate and work in India, we will see more and more technology and companies created in India. It's already begng to happen.
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) also has had a record of launching highly successful and technologically advanced missions.
Yet, it will not be easy, and the political task is enormous. Comparing India to Germany, Japan, and the United States is difficult. Germany has a population of around 80 Million, Japan around 130 Million, the US around 318 Million. And India has 1.25 Billion.随着新一代毕业生从印度理工学院和印度管理学院毕业，我们将看到印度将制造越来越多的技术和公司。这已经开始发生了。
印度空间研究组织也创造了发射成功和先进技术任务的记录。
然而，这并不容易，政治任务艰巨。相比德国、日本、美国，印度很困难。德国人口约8000万，日本约1.3亿，美国约3.18亿。而印度有12.5亿人。
has a larger population than India, and Singapore is a newer state. However, both of these countries are ruled by largely auth rian governments.
India is not only highly populated, there is tremendous diversity in India. Indians speak different languages, come from different castes, and have different religions. And the country is a de ocracy.
If economic and political reform succeeds, and India is able to create an inclusive and pro-business environment, we will see India truly tap its technological and entrepreneurial potential.
160.6k Views · 3,218 Upvotes口比印度人口多，新加坡是个较新的国家。然而，两个国家都被更权威的政府统治。
印度不仅人口众多，而且多样性。印度人讲不同的语言，来自不通种姓，有不同宗教。他们的国家是个民*国家。
如果经济和政治改革成功，印度也能创造包容性的、有益于商业的环境。我们将看到印度真正挖掘其技术和企业潜能。