美国大公司CEO年薪为企业员工164倍

CEOs earn 164 times more than average employees: Report

外媒：美国大公司CEO年薪为企业员工164倍

AP | May 26, 2018, 11:19 IST

NEW YORK: Chief executives at the biggest public companies got an 8.5 per cent raise last year, bringing the median pay package for CEOs to $11.7 million. Across the S&P 500, compensation for CEOs is often hundreds of times higher than typical workers.

纽约：在规模最大的几家上市公司任职的首席执行官，平均在去年约获得8.5%加薪幅度，年薪中位数为1170万美元；在标准普尔500指数中，首席执行官的薪资报酬，通常是公司里一般员工薪水价码的数百倍。

The pay increase matches the bump that CEOs received in 2016, according to salary, stock and other compensation data analysed by Equilar for The Associated Press.

美国专门追踪股市、薪资等数据统计的Equilar指出，上市公司首席执行官在2017年获得的调薪幅度，与2016年的差不多。

For the first time, the government required companies to show in their annual proxy statements just how much more bosses make than the typical employee. The typical CEO made 164 times the median pay of theiremployees, according to Equilar's analysis.

政府首次要求公司在年度委托书中披露公司领导与普通员工的薪资差异。Equilar分析指出，一般上市公司CEO的年薪，是公司内普通员工年薪中位数的164倍。

Because the government gave companies wide leeway in how they calculated the median pay of their workers, and because some industries rely heavily on part-time workers, the CEO-to-worker pay ratios are imperfect and make comparisons difficult. Despite pushback, Congress forced companies to publish the data as a way to shine a spotlight on income inequality.

由于企业对于员工年薪中位数计算方式各有不同，加上某些企业大幅仰赖临时工，使得CEO与员工之间的薪水差距计算，存在误差。尽管阻力重重，国会还是强迫企业公布数据，以突显收入不平等问题。

A debate has already ensued about the significance of this newly released data.

关于发布这个的数据的意义引起了广泛争论。

"High pay ratios send a dispiriting message to the workforce," said Liz Shuler, secretary-treasurer of the AFL-CIO, which has been calculating its own tally of CEO-to-worker pay ratios for years. "Companies are asking their workers to do more with less, at the same that CEO pay is on the rise."

美国劳工联合会-产业工会联合会（简称劳联-产联）多年来一直致力于计算员工薪酬比率，其财务主管莉兹•舒勒表示：“高薪酬比率使员工感到沮丧。公司要求普通员工少拿工资多做事，而CEO的薪水却在增长。”

Detractors among business groups, academics and compensation consultants say the ratio can give a false impression. For example, some companies exclude some of their lower-paid foreign workers, which regulations allow. And companies with large part-time workforces will show much greater disparity between the CEO's pay and median pay.

商业团体、学术界和薪酬咨询机构的批评者表示，这一比例可能给人以假象。例如，一些公司将一些薪资较低的外籍员工排除在外。而拥有大量临时工的公司，其CEO的薪酬和中位数薪酬之间的差距更大。

At Yum Brands, CEO Greg Creed's pay of $12.3 million was 1,358 times higher than the company median of $9,111. The employee who earned that amount, on an annualised basis, was a part-time employee at a Taco Bell restaurant.

百胜餐饮集团首席执行官格雷格•克里德的年薪为1230万美元，比公司中位数9111美元高出1358倍。该员工是塔可钟餐厅的兼职员工。

Even at United Rentals, where the median pay was $77,127 last year, it would take a worker earning that amount 166 years to match the $12.8 million in compensation that CEO Michael Kneeland made last year.

即使是联合租赁公司，公司CEO迈克尔•克尼兰去年年薪为1280万美元。去年公司的薪酬中位数为77,127美元，该名员工必须连续工作166年才可能获得公司CEO去年一年的工资。

So far, shareholders seem OK with the pay packages for CEOs. At both Yum Brands and United Rentals, more than 95 per cent of shareholders approved their CEOs' pay for last year. Likely buoying that support was the 31.1 per cent return for Yum Brands stock and the 62.8 per cent rise for United Rentals.

迄今为止，股东们对CEO们的薪酬似乎还算满意。百胜餐饮集团和联合租赁公司，超过95%的股东批准了CEO去年的薪酬。对于百胜餐饮集团来说，支撑这一薪酬的可能是31.1%的股市回报率，而联合租赁的回报率为62.8%。

Across the S&P 500, such votes on executive compensation passed with similar approval ratings in 2016 and 2017, at 95 per cent, according to the data compiled by Equilar. The boards of directors who set CEO pay, meanwhile, say they are tying more of their executives' compensation to how the company is performing, and they need to pay the going rate to keep talented executives.

Equilar编制的数据显示，2016年及2017年，标普500强的高管薪酬以相似的支持率投票通过，约达95%。与此同时，决定CEO薪酬的董事会表示，高管的薪酬与公司业绩挂钩，董事会需要支付薪酬，留住有才能的高管。

The AP's CEO compensation study includes pay data for 339 executives at S&P 500 companies who have served at least two full consecutive fiscal years at their respective companies, which filed proxy statements between Jan. 1 and April 30. Some companies with highly paid CEOs did not fit these criteria, such as Oracle, and were excluded.

美联社的CEO薪酬研究涵盖了标准普尔500强的339名高管的薪酬数据，这些高管在各自的公司中至少连续任职了两个财年，这些公司在1月1日至4月30日之间提交了委托书。，不符合这些标准的公司，如Oracle，则被排除在外。

THE TOP FIVE

五强

The highest-paid CEO in Equilar's analysis was Hock Tan of Broadcom, who made $103.2 million. The vast majority of Tan's compensation came in the form of a stock grant, valued at $98.3 million. He'll receive the shares if the stock hits certain performance targets over the next four years. The company said in a filing with regulators that the figure looks substantial, but the amount Tan earns will "only be exceptional if our (stock returns relative to other companies) is exceptional."

Equilar统计显示，2017年最高薪CEO排行榜榜首为博通CEO陈福阳，年收入1亿320万美元。陈福阳的大部分薪酬是以股票的形式发放的，价值9830万美元。如果公司股价在未来4年内达到一定的业绩目标，他将获得这些股票。该公司在一份提交给监管机构的文件中表示，这一数字看起来相当可观，但“如果我们（相的股票收益对于其他公司）出类拔萃，那么陈的收入将特别丰厚。”

The second-highest paid CEO was Leslie Moonves of CBS. He made $68.4 million, including a $20 million bonus. CBS stock fell in 2017, but the company's board highlighted how CBS is producing more premium content where it has an ownership stake, among other accomplishments.

哥伦比亚广播公司的CEO莱斯利·穆夫斯排名第二，年收入6,840万美元，包括2000万美元的奖金。

No. 3 was W. Nicholas Howley at TransDigm, which designs and produces aircraft components. He earned $61 million, including $51.2 million of payments from the company on stock options he holds, as if they had earned dividends. Howley, a Transdigm co-founder, left his position as CEO last month. He is now executive chairman.

第三名为飞机零件供应商TransDigm的W. Nicholas Howley，年收入6100万美元。其中包括股票期权5120万美元，就像分红一样。上个月，TransDigm联合创始人Howley辞去了CEO一职。他目前担任执行主席。

Jeffrey Bewkes of Time Warner was the fourth-highest paid CEO at $49 million. Time Warner rejiggered its compensation formulas for executives following its deal to be acquired by AT&T, which was announced in 2016 but is still awaiting government approval. Bewkes received restricted stock valued at $32 million.

时代华纳的杰弗里•比克斯以4900万美元的收入位居第四。美国电话电报公司2016年宣布收购时代华纳之后，时代华纳重新调整了其高管的薪酬方案。该并购案仍在等待政府批准。比克斯收到了价值3200万美元的限制性股票。

No. 5 was TripAdvisor's Stephen Kaufer, at $43.2 million. He received grants of options and restricted stock valued at $42.1 million, and the company said it does not expect to give him another stock grant as long-term incentive compensation until 2021.

排名第五的是TripAdvisor的Stephen Kaufer，年收入4320万美元。他获得了价值4210万美元的期权和限制性股票。该公司表示，2021年之前，不会再给他另一笔股票奖励。

CEOs MAKE HOW MUCH MORE?

CEO们赚了多少钱？

This is the first year that companies had to report the median pay for their employees. Median is the midpoint of the pay scale. Across the S&P 500, the median compensation last year was $70,244, according to Equilar. That's higher than the average pay for all US workers, at $47,792, because the S&P 500 is full of big, multinational companies. Last year's median pay for the US is not yet available.

公司首次必须报告员工的薪酬中位数。中位数是工资水平的中点。Equilar的数据显示，去年标普500强的平均年薪为70,244美元，高于所有美国员工的平均年薪值47,792美元。因为标准普尔500强包含许多大型跨国公司。去年全美的薪酬中位数尚不得而知。

Companies in the pharmaceutical, technology and energy sectors were on the high end of the S&P 500 for worker pay. At Facebook, for example, the median compensation was $240,430. On the low end were retailers and fast-food restaurant chains, which tend to have more part-time workers.

标普500强中，制药、科技和能源行业的员工薪酬处于高位。例如，在Facebook，薪酬中位数为240430美元。中位数较低的是零售商和快餐连锁店，他们往往有较多兼职员工。

Coming into this year, many companies had big concerns about the reaction to their CEO-to-worker pay ratios, particularly among their own employees. But after publishing the numbers, the backlash wasn't that big, said Melissa Burek, a partner at Compensation Advisory Partners.

今年以来，许多公司对员工薪酬比率的反作用表示担忧，尤其是内部员工的反应。但薪酬咨询公司合伙人梅利莎•布瑞克表示，这些数据公布后反弹的幅度并不大。

"I have clients in the Midwest, where they're the largest employer in town, and I would have thought those would get more attention," said Daniel Laddin, another partner at Compensation Advisory Partners. "But no one seems to be getting too upset about it."

薪酬咨询公司的另一位合伙人丹尼尔•拉丁表示，“我们公司也些客户在中西部地区，他们是当地最大的雇主，我本以为他们会受到更多关注，但似乎没有人对此感到太不安。”

All the leeway companies had in calculating their ratios helped many to avoid being an outlier, on either the high end or the low end, said Kelly Malafis, also a partner at Compensation Advisory Partners.

薪酬咨询公司合伙人凯利•马拉菲斯表示，所有公司都在计算他们的比率，避免许多公司——无论是高薪产业还是低薪产业，成为局外人。

The real value in these ratios may come years from now, as investors and workers track how the ratios change over time, said Ethan Rouen, an assistant professor at Harvard Business School who studies income inequality.

哈佛商学院研究收入不平等问题的助理教授伊森•鲁恩表示，这些比率的实际价值可能会在数年后出现，因为投资者和员工会追踪该比率随时间推移而变化的情况。

It may not make much sense to compare Yum Brands' ratio with Facebook's, but is each company's ratio rising or falling through the years? In particular, will the figures get better or worse when the next economic downturn hits, whenever that may be?

比较百胜餐饮与脸书的比例可能没有多大意义，但每一家公司的比例是否是逐年上升或下降？特别是，当下一次经济衰退来临的时候，这些数字会变得更好还是更糟？

"I think five years down the road," he said, "this measure will be more useful than it is right now."

他说，“我认为五年后，这项措施将比现在更有用。”

印度时报读者的评论：

来源：http://www.santaihu.com/45101.html

外文：https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/

Kvs Sarma

10797

Kvs-1 day ago

they are not employees. they are agents of the management. they get paid for increasing the share holders value.

他们不是普通员工，他们是管理层。公司股票涨了，他们的工资就高了。

Piyush Kumar

125

piyush kumar-Heilbronn, Germany-1 day ago

yes thats because they are 165 times more productive than the lower ranks who are just there to finish their desk job at max, and nothing else.

是的，那是因为他们的生产力是基层员工的165倍，基层员工最多就做做他们自己的分内事。

Mokkapati Prabhakara Rao

2730

Mokkapati Prabhakara Rao-India-1 day ago

If the salaries are capped, they will demand higher pay in back door mode. A right person must be paid more, no doubt.

如果工资受限，他们会用其他方式来要求加薪。毫无疑问，一个合适的人理应拿更高的报酬。