Health spending pushed 55 million Indians into poverty in a year: Study

研究表明：印度每年有5500万人因病致贫

About 55 million Indians were pushed into poverty in a single year because of having to fund their own healthcare and 38 million of them fell below the poverty line due to spending on medicines alone, a study by three experts from the Public Health Foundation of India has estimated.

据印度公共卫生基金会的三名专家的研究显示，因为必须自己承担医疗费用，每年都约有5500万印度人陷入贫困境遇，其中有3800万印度人仅仅为了买药就跌落至贫困线下。

The study, published in the British Medical Journal, reveals that non-communicable diseases like cancer, heart diseases and diabetes account for the largest chunk of spending by households on health. The study concluded that among non-communicable diseases, cancer had the highest probability of resulting in “catastrophic expenditure” for a household.

这项发表在《英国医学杂志》上的研究显示，癌症、心脏病和糖尿病等非传染性疾病在印度家庭健康方面的支出占比最大。研究得出的结论是，在非传染性疾病中，癌症是最导致家庭“灾难性支出”的原因。

Health expenditure is considered to be catastrophic if it constitutes 10% or more of overall consumption expenditure of a household. In the case of road traffic and non-road traffic injuries, it was found that catastrophic expenditure was higher among the poorest, with average stay in hospital beyond seven days.

如果医疗支出占到家庭总消费支出的10%或以上，就被认为是灾难性的。研究发现，在遭遇道路交通和非道路交通导致的受伤时，最贫困人群的灾难性支出更高，平均住院时间超过7天。

Data from nationwide consumer expenditure surveys spanning two decades from 1993-94 up to 2011-12 and the ‘Social Consumption: Health’ survey done by the National Sample Survey Organisation in 2014 were analysed by the study authors including health economists Sakthivel Selvaraj and Habib Hasan Farooqui.

这项研究报告的作者包括健康经济学家萨克蒂韦尔•塞尔瓦拉杰和哈比卜•哈桑•法鲁基，他们分析了从1993-1994年度至2011-2012年度的20年间的全国消费者支出的调查数据，以及2014年国家抽样调查组织所做的《社会消费：健康》调查报告。

While the study looks at data up to 2011-12, it refers to measures taken by the government since then to reduce the expenditure burden on medicines and healthcare on households.

该研究分析了截止2011-12年度的数据，参考了政府自那时起为减轻家庭的医药和医疗支出负担而采取的措施。

It noted that though the Drug Price Control Order 2013 brought all essential drugs in the National List of Essential Medicines under price control, these constituted just 20% of the retail pharmacy market and that the sales volume of many of the drugs brought under price control has fallen.

报告指出，尽管《2013年药品价格管制令》将所有基本药物列入国家基本药物价格管制清单，但这些药物仅占零售药店市场的20%，许多被列入价格管制清单的药物的销量出现下滑。

Despite governments launching several health insurance schemes, a majority of the population continued to incur significant expenditure on medicines as hospitalisationbased treatment, which is what most insurance schemes cover, constitutes only one third of India’s morbidity burden, noted the study.

该研究指出，尽管政府推出了几项医疗保险计划，但因为大多数医疗保险计划涵盖的住院治疗只占印度发病率负担的三分之一，大多数印度人仍需在药品上花费大量资金。

It added that frequency of hospitalisation was smaller than outpatient visits in general, especially for NCDs, which are chronic in nature requiring multiple consultations and long-term or lifelong medication and support.

报告还称，住院次数总体上比门诊就诊次数要少，尤其在非传染性疾病方面。非传染性疾病是一种慢性疾病，需要多次就诊，进行长期或终生的药物治疗和维持。

With shrinking availability of free drugs in the government health system for outpatients and a sharper decline in their availability for inpatients, there was little incentive for patients to seek public healthcare, noted the study, adding that medicine-related expenditure for households remained high as most patients sought outpatient care in the more expensive private sector.

门诊病人在政府医疗系统中的越来越难获得免费药物，住院病人获得免费药物的几率也大幅降低，病人就不愿意去公共医疗机构看病。研究指出，因大多数病人前往价格昂贵的私人医疗机构看诊，导致了印度家庭在医疗相关的支出占比仍较高。

As for the government's promise to provide cheap medicines through Jan Aushadhi stores, though the target of opening over 3,000 stores has been met, they have been plagued with frequent stockouts and quality issues.

至于政府承诺通过Jan Aushadhi商店提供廉价药品，尽管开设3000多个网点的目标已经实现，但他们一直饱受经常性缺货和质量问题的诟病。

Most Jan Aushadhi stores have barely 100-150 formulations instead of the promised 600-plus medicines and their numbers are too small compared to the 5.5 lakh plus pharmacies in India.

大多数Jan Aushadhi商店只有100-150种处方药，远比之前承诺的600多种药物少，而且相较于印度55万家药房相比，他们的数量实在太少了。

印度时报读者的评论：

来源：http://www.santaihu.com/45263.html

外文：https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/health-spending-pushed-55-million-indians-into-poverty-in-a-year-study/articleshow/64564548.cms

Naval

7192

naval-Earth-11 hours ago

may be several million indians pushed into poverty due to demonetization and heavy tax and surcharge on fuel.

可能有数百万印度人因为废钞令、沉重的燃油税负和附加费而陷入贫困。

Harjot Singh

7206

Harjot Singh-11 hours ago

Another great achievement for India...It''s a shame to read.

印度的又一个伟大成就……这篇文章让人读了很羞愧。

Bhartiyasach BHAKTS

9898

11 hours ago

Modi Modi Modi.... The rich getting richer and poor getting poorer... Bjpee becomes the richest party on earth...

莫迪莫迪莫迪....富人越来越富，穷人越来越穷……人民党成为地球上最富有的政党……

Riya Basu

7677

Riya Basu-Location-11 hours ago-Follow

Government after Government have failed to bring affordable medical care to common people. People are struggling to get medical care even if it is beyond their reach.Due to pollution, stressful life, health issues are multiplying at a rapid pace. It is such a vicious cycle. I feel so bad sometimes, are we failing as a country.

政府没能给老百姓带来负担得起的医疗服务。人们正在努力争取医疗护理，即使这是他们无法负担得起的。由于污染、紧张的生活，健康问题飞速增长。这是一个恶性循环。我有时感到很难过，印度居然这么失败?

Rahul Raj

3057

Rahul Raj-10 hours ago-Follow

Indian Health care system is one of the worst in World even after having world class doctors

即使拥有世界级的医生，印度的医疗体系是全球最糟糕的

Murthy Murthy Murthy-9 hours ago-Follow

Modi being a agent of all corporates never understands the feelings of poor Indian public can only just speak on stages but delivering is not his forte

作为所有企业的代言人，莫迪从来都不能理解印度公众的感受，他只能在舞台上发言，但发表意见并不是他的强项

Vinayak S D

131

Vinayak S D-Haveli-10 hours ago-Follow

Thats why we push for Modicare... Just accept it... congress cant never do this

这就是为什么我们要推动莫迪医保的原因……认命吧…国大党永远不会这么做

Cross-Over Films

5233

Cross-over Films-11 hours ago-Follow

Without reading the article, Bhakts would say it''s Congress who is pushing the families below poverty line! Shame on the current Govt and the so called Bhakts who are trying day in day out to justify the misgovernance!

如果不读这篇文章，印度人会说，是国大党把印度家庭推至贫困线以下! 为当前的政府和所谓的印度人感到耻辱，他们每天都在为治理不善找借口!

Al Capone

2634

Al-Downtown Chicago-10 hours ago-Follow

This proves that India has really developed under BJP Modi govt.

这证明印度确实是在莫迪政府的领导下发展起来的。

Krk

755

Krk-delhi-10 hours ago-Follow

Govt Docs. force patients to purchase medicine or other surgical items from particular store of their choice.

公立机构的医生强迫病人从他们指定的药店购买药品或其他手术用品。

Gentleman

13514

Gentleman-10 hours ago-Follow

This is not good! Government needs to focus on providing free health care to people below poverty line citizens

这可不好!政府需要把重点放在为挣扎在贫困线下的公民提供免费医疗上

Logicman Logicman-Earth-10 hours ago-Follow

BJP govt has earned the unique distinction of creating mass poverty due to lack of employment, demonetisation, high cost hospital admissions, messing with economy, wasting money earned from global petrol cost reduction, not managing inflation, allowing large-scale bank loot, allowing loan waivers, spending frivolously on statues and bullet train.

印度人民党政府在造就大规模贫困方面的独特之处在于：失业率高企、废钞令、高昂的住院费用、扰乱经济、浪费全球汽油成本降低而获得的收益、对通货膨胀不闻不问、允许大规模银行抢劫、允许贷款减免、为雕像和动车一掷千金。

JAC Chira

9997

Jac Chira-3 hours ago-Follow

What Congress Could not do in 65 years , BJP Government has done in 4 years !!!

According to this Government report which agrees 22 crore New people has gone BPL in last 4 years !
a 2014 Survey shows 26 crore people were BPL .

国大党在65年里做不到的，人民党政府在4年里就做到了!!

根据这份政府报告，在过去的4年里，贫困线下人口新增了2.2亿人!

2014年的一项调查显示，有2.6亿人生活在贫困线下。

Cbkpb

8648

cbkpb-Mumbai-6 hours ago-Follow

Where is FEKU 1 RUPEE INSURANCE POLICY .

莫迪的1卢比保单呢？

Tan

1103

Tan-9 hours ago-Follow

All politicians from all parties should be held responsible

所有党派的政客都应该对此负责

Gokul Tiwari

1131

Gokul Tiwari-10 hours ago-Follow

Looting by politicians is burden

政客们的洗劫是主要责任

Rishi

25

Rishi-11 hours ago-Follow

Actually our goverment is trying to help the whole world by depopulising indians.
Sorry to say this.....

实际上，我们的政府正试图通过减少印度人口来帮助整个世界。

这么说很抱歉.....

JAC Chira

9997

Jac Chira-3 hours ago-Follow

This reports Casts doubt and Shades, if India will improve under Modi !!!
Till 2014 BPL was 26crores , now in 4 years 22 crores more added according to this report !

这份报告令人怀疑，印度能否在莫迪的领导下有所改善!!!

到2014年，贫困线下人口是2.6亿，现在只过了4年，新增了2.2亿!

Ram Veer

66

Ram Veer-6 hours ago-Follow

Insurance appears to be the next scam in india ð -

在印度医疗保险似乎是下一个骗局

Daniel Liao

474

Daniel Liao-6 hours ago-Follow

Pathetic govt! This is sad. Middle class citizens amd poor always sufer. Amd the govt turns a blind eye always.

可怜的政府!好可悲。中产阶级和穷人总是遭罪。政府总是睁一只眼闭一只眼。

Sanjoy Pandey

51855

Sanjoy Pandey-7 hours ago-Follow

It is likely that after implementation of Modicare and control on prices of drugs and medical services, this will improve.

这是很有可能的，在实施莫迪医保，对药品和医疗服务价格的控制之后，这一情况将得到改善。

Desh Bandhu

6647

Desh Bandhu-7 hours ago-Follow

Country where only 14% pay taxes and 100% want everything free on the platter from the government, shame on such perverse thinking.

这个国家只有14%的人纳税，但却有100%的人希望政府免费提供一切。

Mohammed Asifuddin

729

Mohammed Asifuddin-8 hours ago-Follow

Public Medical and Health care and Education should be the top priority of the governments. Unfortunately these are given away to the private businesses.

公共医疗卫生和教育应该是政府的首要任务。不幸的是，这些都被私营企业取代了。

Tvkon

16518

Tvkon-8 hours ago-Follow

All because most of Govt hospitals sell the medicine come from govt as free ffor porr to outside to private shops and also took bribe for giving treatment

所有这一切都是因为大部分的政府医院把政府免费提供的药品出售给了私人药店，还从治疗中收受贿赂

Nilesh Gupta

606

nilesh gupta-9 hours ago-Follow

acche din hai bhai.. garibo ko toh sub free hai.
toh subko gareeb banao..fir homge acche din..extra special thanks to this goct..eates have increased 2-3 times in 4 years

好日子。。

特别感谢这届政府。贫困人口在4年内增加了2-3倍

Zahid Hussain

1939

Zahid-9 hours ago-Follow

This article is misleading.. in 2012 if BPL number was 369 million and in 2017 it was 270 million that indicates something else.... it would have been better by 55million had medical costs been addressed...

这篇文章是误导性的。2012年如果贫困线下人口是3.69亿，2017年是2.7亿，则又是完全不同的....如果医疗费用得到解决，应该会减少5500万……

Gopal Soni

3104

Gopal Soni-1 hour ago-Follow

They spend trillions on alcohol,tobacco,spicy food before getting heavenly abode disease.

在患病之前，他们在酒精、烟草和辛辣食物上花费了数万亿美元。

Proud Indian

18440

Proud Indian-1 hour ago-Follow

Modis new healthcare will reduce this and help millions however the anti nationals will still vote against Modi

莫迪的新医保将减少这一数字，并帮助数百万人，但是反政府人士依然会投票反对莫迪

Pkm

22005

Pkm-Lagos-3 hours ago-Follow

Modicare like Obama care thousands of miles away has been a failure and thousands of dollars gone through the window. Hahaha

莫迪医保就像千里之外的奥巴马医保一样失败了，成千上万的美元泡汤了。哈哈哈

Ramakrihna Sidhantham

503

Ramakrihna Sidhantham-7 hours ago-Follow

I am one among them. { pay GST of 700 rupees a month for our the maintenance medication of me and my wife

我是其中之一。我每月要花700卢比给我和妻子购买维持性药物