Human activities sole cause for warmer India

人类活动是导致印度气候变暖的唯一原因

HIGHLIGHTS

For the first time, scientists have shown that greenhouse gases released by human activities are solely responsible for the warming climate in India

The average temperatures in India have risen by as much as half a degree in five decades

Alarmingly, the warming caused by GHGs across India was more than three times what was actually observed during this period.

简讯：

科学家首次表示，人类活动排放的温室气体是造成印度气候变暖的唯一原因

印度平均气温在50年里上升了半度。

令人担忧的是，在印度由温室气体引起的气温上升是这一时期实际观测值的三倍多。

NEW DELHI: Scientists have for the first time shown that greenhouse gases (GHGs) released by human activities are solely responsible for the warming climate in India, where average temperatures have risen by as much as half a degree in five decades.

新德里：科学家首次表示，人类活动排放的温室气体是造成印度气候变暖的唯一原因。印度平均气温在50年里上升了半度。

Alarmingly, the researchers found that the warming caused by GHGs across India was more than three times what was actually observed during this period. That the warming was confined to 0.5 degree Celsius was due to the cooling effects of pollution, another by-product of the use of fossil fuels.

令人担忧的是，在印度由温室气体引起的气温上升是这一时期实际观测值的三倍多。气温上升局限在0.5摄氏度内是由于污染物的降温效应，这是使用化石燃料的意外收获。

The findings by IIT Delhi scientists were published on Tuesday in Scientific Reports, a journal of the Nature Group. For the study, the researchers looked at temperatures from 1956 to 2005.

印度理工学院德里分校(IIT Delhi)的科学家们周二在《科学报告》上发表了上述发现，《科学报告》是自然出版集团旗下的期刊。在这项研究中，研究人员观测了1956年至2005年间的气温变化。

“Our main finding is that greenhouse gases have raised India’s temperatures much more than what we have experienced but it has been offset substantially by aerosols and land use change. Importantly, there was no contribution to warming from natural causes,” said IIT professor Krishna AchutaRao, who co-authored the study.
“我们的主要发现是：温室气体导致了印度气温的上升，其程度比我们过去所经历的要大得多，但幸好气溶胶和土地利用变化起到了大幅的降温效果。” 重要的是，我们发现没有任何自然因素造成了气温升高。“印度理工学院克里希纳阿丘塔劳教授说到，该项研究报告由其合著。

While warming is a worldwide trend that has been scientifically linked to GHG emissions, this is the first study to trace the cause of rising temperatures in India to such emissions.

虽然气候变暖是一种全球趋势，在科学上来说与温室气体排放有关，但这是首个探究印度气温上升与温室气体排放有关的研究。

The IIT research has crucial implications for the fight against air pollution. “The findings suggest that there could be a sharper increase in warming as we reduce air pollution,” AchutaRao said.

印度理工学院的研究对应对空气污染有至关重要的意义。“研究结果表明，随着我们减少空气污染，气温上升的幅度可能会变大，”阿丘塔劳说到。

According to the models used by AchutaRao and other authors, the warming contributed by natural factors was just 0.005 degree C, while GHGs caused about 1.85 degree C warming.

根据阿丘塔罗和其团队所使用的模型计算，由自然因素造成的气温上升仅为0.005摄氏度，而由温室气体造成的气温上升约为1.85摄氏度。

The pollution and land use change was seen to have led to a cooling of 1.2 degrees C, resulting in about 0.65 degree C net warming. This compared well with the observed warming of about 0.5 degree C.

研究表明污染物和土地利用的变化使得气温下降了1.2摄氏度，进而使得气温升净值大约为0.65摄氏度，与观测值0.5摄氏度大致相符。

The IIT study found the sharpest rise in temperatures in the western Himalayas, specifically J&K and adjoining areas. It found that GHGs accounted for a warming of as much as 3 degrees Celsius during the 50-year period.

印度理工学院的研究发现，喜马拉雅西部的气温上升幅度最大，尤其是查谟克什米尔及其邻近地区。研究发现，在50年里温室气体导致的气温上升在该地区高达3摄氏度。

“Other anthropogenic factors” (pollution, land use change) offset this rise by 1.5 degrees C, resulting in a net rise of 1.5 degrees.

该地区“其他人为因素”(污染、土地利用变化)抵消了1.5摄氏度的气温上升，使得气温上升净值为1.5摄氏度。

Western Himalayas was among the seven homogeneous temperature regions in the country the researchers looked at. The others were east coast, west coast, interior peninsula, northwest India, northeast and north-central India.

喜玛拉雅西部是研究人员观测的印度七个均一温度区域之一。其余分别是东海岸、西海岸、内陆半岛、印度西北部、印度东北布和印度中北部。

Northeast and north-central India were the only regions that showed no significant warming during the period under study.

研究期间，印度东北部和中北部是唯一没有明显气候变暖的两个地区。

The authors – Dileepkumar R, AchutaRao and T Arulalan – used two observational temperature datasets together with results from a multi-model archive of forced and unforced simulations. They estimated the contribution of natural and anthropogenic (human-caused) influences through a two-signal optimal fingerprinting analysis.

作者迪莱普库马尔R、阿丘塔劳和T阿鲁拉兰使用了两组观测温度数据集，结合强制和非强制模拟的多模型存档的数据。他们通过双信号最优指纹分析估测了自然和人为因素造成的气温变化。

The study further isolated the anthropogenic influences due to GHGs from other human-induced factors to arrive at their results.
该研究将导致温室气体的人为因素和其他人为因素区分出来，从而得出上述结论。

“We can attribute surface temperature changes over India between 1956 and 2005 to anthropogenic forcing mostly by greenhouse gases and partially offset by other anthropogenic forcings including aerosols and land use land cover change,” the study concluded.

“人为因素导致了印度1956年至2005年间的地表温度变化，其中主要归咎于温室气体，包括气溶胶和土地利用和土地覆盖变化在内的其他人为因素抵消了部分气温上升。”该研究总结道。

印度时报读者评论：

来源：http://www.santaihu.com/45267.html

外文：https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com

Vande Matram-Earth-9 hours ago

The scientists of the world have already attributed global warming to increased greenhouse gases from fossil fuel burning and now our scientists tell the same thing.

Brilliant!!

全世界的科学家们早就已经表明，全球变暖归咎于化石燃料燃烧所排放的温室气体，现在我们的科学家们也这么说，真了不起！。

Mr Boobs-Right Here-9 hours ago

70 years of rampant lawlessness in all levels of government with no proper long term strategy or rules and regulations and inadequate cleaning and recycling Under CONGRESS have left India into a confused mess. Yet somehow trolls Modi hating trolls from 2 specific religions somehow blame Modi for it.

70年来，各级政府无法无天且日益猖獗，议会缺乏适当的长远战略或规章制度，以及清洁和回收的不到位，使得印度陷入了混乱。然而，一些来自两种特定宗教的捣乱分子，莫名其妙的把这一切归咎于莫迪。

Nikhil Nayak-9 hours ago

I am a badi bindi wali intellectual who enjoys sodumb kapoor movies and I think its festivals like diwali , holi , karva chaut , al , sankranti , dussera which r responsible for global warming

We need more festivals like bakri id where animal population particularly goats and cows r kept under control by sacrificing them. Remember its sacrifice not slaughter . Tge streets also turn red with blood on id which helps in cleansing the streets. Such noble abd exo friendly festivals should be encouraged.

我是个知识分子，喜欢看卡普耳的电影，我认为印度的一些节日像排灯节，胡里节，丰收节, 桑格拉提节, 十胜节等等，是造成全球变暖的原因之一。

我们需要更多像宰牲节这样的节日，节日里通过宰杀牲口来控制动物数量，尤其是山羊和牛的数量，记住这是献祭不是杀生哦。虽然街道也被血迹染红了，不过把血迹冲洗干净也就顺带清洁街道了。我们 应该提倡这种高贵的环保型节日。

Kulkarni Pralhad-Bangalore-7 hours ago

Ultimate answer to all problems is population control which is possible only with the support of people

所有问题的最终答案是控制人口，这只有在人民的支持下才能实现。

Sainath Kalpathy-Secunderabad-7 hours ago

Sadly report is true n we must urgently act on it.

不幸的是报告确实属实，我们必须立即采取行动。

Ekdesi-USA-9 hours ago

Irresponsible burning of straw, cutting of forests, use of plastics, ever increasing number of automobiles ... all contribute to pollution and warming. Air and water quality is deteriorating. Quality of life goes down with it.

不负责任的焚烧秸秆，砍伐森林，使用塑料，越来越多的汽车……所有这些都造成了污染和气候变暖。空气质量和水质正在恶化，生活质量也随之下降。

Anish Batham-7 hours ago

The only way to get out of this issue is to plant more trees not for foto shoot, I mean seriously and groom them till they grow fully. Cover max possible available open land with tree planting. They will only consume CO2 from atmosphere and bring down temperature. just see surface temperature of tar road which is open in sun and the same which is under tree. so let''s not play politics and strategic planting trees.

解决这个问题唯一办法就是多种树，而且要种成参天大树，而不是为了拍照作秀。

让树木覆盖尽可能多的可用空地。树木能消耗大气中的二氧化碳并降低温度。只要看看阳光下的柏油路面的温度和树下的路面温度有什么差别就知道为什么要种树了。所以，别玩政治手段，发展战略植树计划吧。

ONE LINER Challenge-8 hours ago

GOD PROPOSES AND MAN DISPOSES-GOD CREATED THE WORLD -MAN CREATED THE BUTTON TO DESTROY IT-BACK TO SQUARE ONE

谋事在人，成事在天。上帝创造了世界，人类创造了毁灭世界的按钮。我们又回到了原点。

Dalit Gareeb-Windsor Park-9 hours ago

Feku is the reason. Fascist idiot

都是莫迪这个法西斯笨蛋造成的。

Asha mary mathew-5 hours ago

India''s uncontrolled population growth caused by competitive breeding among various communal groups is also responsible for its enviro degradation.

由于印度不同群体之间的竞相生育而导致了人口增长不受控制，进而造成了环境的恶化。

Prakash Kulkarni-Philadelphia-7 hours ago

It''s not just the cause of warmer India, it is the cause of the global warming.

这不仅是印度气候变暖的原因，也是全球气候变暖的原因。

Sanjoy Pandey-5 hours ago

The million dollar question is how to control the situation ? And without involvement of people, nothing can be fruitful.

最重要的问题是如何控制目前的形势? 没有民众的参与，就不会有成效。

Bala Srinivasan-saginaw USA-7 hours ago

This factual finding must be taken seriously by the govts at all levels to penalise these miscreants polluting the country in such aggressive manner to bring RAPID RELIEF for INDIA&INDIANS.

这一发现必须得到各级政府的重视，以惩罚这些以如此激进的方式污染这个国家的恶棍，进而快速缓解当前印度和印度人民的处境。

BindaasNeha-New Delhi-3 hours ago

Great discovery. The whole world thought animals were responsible

伟大的发现！全世界都还认为动物应该为此负责。

Dayanand-4 hours ago

Warming is not local and restricted by political map of world. How does nature recognise country's border? Foolish.

气候变暖不是局部的，也不受世界政治版图的限制。大自然如何识别国家边界?愚蠢啊。

Mahender Goriganti-2 hours ago

Prestitutes not telling the fact that that 85% of GHGs are produced by US>50% & 35% EU in the world for last 200 years. (less than 20% of world population. India , even , until a few years back, combined, with more than 50% population & world trade, for more than 10,000 years, have living place with land mass less than half the size of US.

事实是，过去200年里，85%的温室气体是由美国和欧盟排放的，其中美国占50%以上和欧盟占35%。(低于世界总人口的20%。印度，甚至是，直到几年前，两个国家加起来才超过世界人口的50%和世界贸易的50%。10000年以来，印度人居住的陆地面积还不到美国的一半。

Yogesh-Location-2 hours ago

Ban all the NGO working for the environment.

取缔所有为环保工作的民间组织。

Vande Mataram-9 hours ago

not only in india this is happening everywhere

people even touching amazing Amazon forests

blame everyone

气候变暖不仅是在印度，世界各地都一样

人类甚至把手伸到亚马逊森林了

人人有责啊

SILENT OBSERVER-USA-9 hours ago

Disorderly, greedy, power hungry minds have created many life problems and also pollution problem. Who created such disorderly minds? it is created by society who praises and encourages success, status, fame, position by any means and conditioned brain of parents who force their children to be successful by any means instead of being good human being who is sensitive and caring for others and for earth elements.

无序、贪婪、权力欲强的思想造成了许多民生问题和污染问题。是谁创造了如此混乱的思想?是由社会创造的，当今社会赞扬和鼓励不惜任何代价而取得的成功、地位、名望、地位，智商有限的父母强迫他们的孩子通过各种途径取得成功，而不是教育成为一个善解人意的、关心他人和地球资源的好人。

Ajit Vadakayil-calicut-7 mins ago

BULLSH1T........ PUNISH THE VESTED JOURNALIST WHO HAS WRITTEN THIS NONSENSE.........

胡说八道，该惩罚那些写了这些废话的记者。

Disque Chat-2 hours ago

Even little kids know this but chadi scientists just made it official

连小孩子都知道的事，那些科学家才把它正式官方化。

Mat Thachireth3658 Mat Thachireth-India-2 hours ago

The phenomena of Global warming, every human being involved with term of Act of God. The sea of Arctic to Indian ocean control the weather.

全球变暖的现象，有人为因素也有不可抗力因素。北冰洋到印度洋的海域控制着气候。

Anil Dharan-New Delhi-2 hours ago

Nothing can be done to control it, as long as Population Control is not implemented strictly in India. But as no Politician has guts for this, problem will continue. So, stop wasting time writing such Articles.

如果印度不严格实行人口控制，做其他任何事情都是徒劳的。由于没有一个政客有勇气敢这么做，所以问题将继续存在。不要再浪费时间写这样的文章了。

Sibani Mandal-2 hours ago

Copy paste work

这就是复制粘贴的而已。

Sushant Kumar-jaipur-3 hours ago

Nature/GOD will throw it back in form of floods, landslides, temp rise, cyclone, earthquake and then humans will say hey GOD save us......GOD will retort have u at any instance thought of saving me.....??

大自然/上帝会以洪水、山崩、气温上升、飓风、地震的形式回击，然后人类会说，上帝救救我们…上帝反驳到：你们有没有想过救我…??

San Ban-New Delhi-3 hours ago

it would be better if people stop blaming the political parties and own some responsibility. Scientists should come up with ideas with cheaper and convenient alternatives to plastic and petrol/diesel.

如果人们不再指责政党，而是自行承担一些责任，情况会更好。科学家们应该想出比塑料和汽油/柴油更便宜、更方便的替代品。

Anil B-Gurgaon-3 hours ago

Why only India? Human activities are responsible for temperature rise all over the world. Usage of Air Conditioners and Fossil fuel, destroying forests for human use is rampant all over the world.

为何只说印度？世界各地的人类活动都导致了气候变暖。空调和化石燃料的使用、为了人类私利破坏森林这些现象在世界各地都猖獗泛滥。

S Gajjar-Mohali-3 hours ago

SHAME TO HUMANS , Sad ð

ANIMALS ARE BETTER THEN HUMANS. What ever Humans gives to Mother earth, the same will be return.

可耻的人类，悲哀啊。动物都比人好。无论人类给地球母亲做过什么，终究会有报应的!

Niraj Dubey-10 hours ago

many a little makes a mickle........one need bear responsibility of his own then only these sorts of issue can be eradicate by our society....

积少成多。人人都要为自己所做的事承担责任。要想根除这些问题，只能靠全社会的努力....

Sfo-11 hours ago

we are good in blaming everyone else except ourselves. we drive car alone to work, we don't use public transport just because we need to walk 5 mins to bus station.;-) but we are quick to blame industries, governments, bad roads etc etc

我们善于责备别人，而不自我反省。我们独自开车上班，而不选择坐公交，仅仅因为走到公交站点要花5分钟时间。但是我们转脸就会责怪工业、政府、糟糕的道路等等