印度空间研究组织为载人太空任务进行首次乘员逃逸测试

Isro conducts first crew escape test for India's manned mission to space

NEW DELHI: Taking a first step towards the country's human space flight programme, Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) on Thursday morning successfully tested a capsule that will carry an Indian astronaut to space in future. The experiment on 'Pad Abort' or crew bailout system was conducted at a test facility in Sriharikota.

新德里：周四上午，印度太空研究组织(Isro)迈出了载人航天计划的第一步，成功地对一枚未来将搭载一名印度宇航员进入太空的太空舱进行了测试。印度太空研究组织在斯里赫里戈达岛的一个试验设备中进行了“发射中止”或称机组紧急救援系统的实验。

Explaining the nature of the test, Isro chairman K Sivan told TOI: "The experiment on the 'Pad Abort' or crew bailout system at 7 am in Sriharikota was a grand success. Instead of a person, a crew model was used. The model was kept in a capsule and this was attached to a rocket engine. When the solid engine motor was fired and launched into air, the crew capsule got detached from the engine in air after some time, moved away from it, a parachute was deployed and the capsule landed safely at a designated spot on the sea. The 259-second test on the crew capsule was significant as this would be a crucial component of the indigenous human space flight programme. The experiment on the critical technology was meant to check the safety mechanism of the human space capsule and to see if the crew can bail out easily if any untoward accident happens during the test-flight of the spacecraft."

Isro主席金斯旺向《印度时报》解释了试验的内容：“早上7点在斯里赫里戈达岛进行的‘发射中止’或称机组紧急救援系统的实验取得了巨大的成功。试验中使用的不是真人，而是宇航员模型。模型置于太空舱中，太空舱被安装在火箭发动机上。当固体引擎启动并发射到空中时，装有宇航员的太空舱随后从引擎中分离出来，远离引擎，太空舱上装备了降落伞，安全降落在海上的指定地点。此次第259次试验意义重大，因为这将是印度人航天飞行计划的一个重要组成部分。对关键技术的测试是为了检查载人太空舱的安全机制，并观察宇宙飞船若在试飞过程中发生任何意外事故，机组人员是否能够轻松地逃生。

On the upcoming tests related to the manned mission, Sivan said, "Our next test will focus on aborting the capsule at flight mode. Like today's test, many components needed for the country's first manned mission will be tested in near future."

关于即将进行的载人任务的测试，斯旺说，“下一次测试，我们将关注如何在飞行途中放弃太空舱。就像今天的测试一样，我们将在不久的未来，对印度首次载人航天任务所需的许多部件进行测试。

Casting a light on various systems required for the manned mission, the Isro chairman said, "A human space programme focuses on taking a human to space and bringing him back to the Earth safely. For that purpose, we will have to provide a life support system to our crew within the spacecraft. Therefore, we will have to make arrangement for continuous oxygen supply, controlled pressure and environment system, food supply, human waste discharge system and crew protection system involving the escape capsule."

Isro主席对载人航天任务所需的各种系统进行了阐述，他说:“载人航天计划的重点是将人类送入太空，并将其安全带回地球。为此，我们必须在飞船内为我们的机组人员提供生命支持系统。因此，我们必须对涉及逃生舱的连续供氧、控制压力和环境系统、食品供应、人类排泄物排放系统和船员保护系统进行再三确认。”

On the project budget, Sivan said, "After today's successful test, we will now prepare a project report and submit the same to the government for approval."

关于项目预算，斯旺说，“今天的测试成功后，我们将准备一份项目报告并提交给政府审批。”

Since its inception in 1962, the Indian space organisation (INCOSPAR and later rechristened Isro in 1969) never actively engaged in any human space programme as it mainly focused on launching satellites to fulfil the country's requirements in the field of communication, navigation and earth observation. Though Isro has been working on a demonstrator test on a reusable launch vehicle that can carry both a spacecraft or a human, this was the first time when it was directly involved in the testing of a critical component of the human space programme.

自1962年成立以来，印度太空研究组织(INCOSPAR，后来在1969年更名为Isro)从未积极参与任何载人航天计划，而主要致力于发射卫星，以满足印度在通信、导航和地球观测领域的需求。不过Isro一直在研究一种可重复使用的运载火箭，这种运载火箭既能运载航天器也能运载人类，但这是它第一次直接参与载人航天计划的关键组成部分。

Till now, only three countries- Russia, US and - have been able to send humans to space. Thursday's test shows Isro has taken up the challenge for the manned mission seriously and the indigenous human space flight programme could become a reality in some years.

迄今为止，只有俄罗斯、美国和这三个国家能够将人类送上太空。周四的测试显示，Isro已经认真地接受了载人航天任务的挑战，印度的载人航天飞行计划可能在未来几年成为现实。

Though India is yet to launch a manned mission, Rakesh Sharma was the first Indian to go to space aboard a Soviet spacecraft in 1984. The former IAF officer was one of the 80 space experts and scientists who attended an Isro meeting on the manned mission on November 7, 2006 and endorsed a proposal for the indigenous human space flight programme.

尽管印度还没有发射过载人飞船，但拉凯什沙玛是1984年第一个乘坐苏联太空船进入太空的印度人。2006年11月7日，80位空间专家和科学家参加了一项关于载人航天任务的Isro会议，并通过了一项关于印度载人航天飞行计划的提案，这位前国际宇航联合会官员就是其中之一。

印度时报读者的评论：

原创翻译：三泰虎 http://www.santaihu.com/45488.html 译者：Joyceliu

外文：https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com

ABCDBJP

17701

ABCDBJP-India-21 hours ago

Proud of ISRO scientists. Keep it up guys. you rock.

为ISRO的科学家感到自豪和骄傲，请继续加油吧。

Hindustani

2102

Hindustani-21 hours ago

ISRO is on a Roll. Great job guys. You have made India so proud that words cant define.

ISRO做得漂亮。太棒了。你们让印度如此自豪，任何言语都无法形容。

Ankit

7000

Ankit-21 hours ago-Follow

Please hand over management of idiotic DRDO to ISRO. After all President/Professor Abdul Kalam Sir from ISRO was instrumental in develo India's intercontinental missiles...

请把白痴管理的国防研究与发展组织也交给ISRO吧。毕竟ISRO的阿卜杜勒·卡拉姆教授在发展印度的洲际导弹方面发挥了重要作用……