办不起婚宴，印度贾坎德邦已同居多年的贫穷夫妇举办集体婚礼

Why these people are forced to live-in for years before they marry

为什么这些人在结婚前要被迫同居多年？

印度集体婚礼

Poor tribal couples in Jharkhand have lived-in for years as they can't afford a wedding feast. But mass weddings by NGOs now bring hope.

由于办不起婚宴，贾坎德邦贫穷的部落夫妇已经同居很多年了，但非政府组织举办的集体婚礼给他们带来了希望。

RANCHI: Raju Mahli and Manki Devi of Charkatnagar village in Gumla district of Jharkhand have been living together for more than 20 years, but not out of choice. Neck deep in poverty, they couldn't organise a wedding feast, a must in the community if a marriage is to be recognised. On Monday, the 40-year-olds finally got married at a mass wedding for 132 others like them, all too impoverished to feed friends and relatives as part of the wedding ritual.

兰契:贾坎德邦古姆拉区Charkatnagar村的Raju Mahli和Manki Devi已经同居生活了20多年，但这并非是出于他们自己的选择，而是由于太穷了，他们办不起婚宴，而一段婚姻要得到认可，举办婚宴是必要条件。本周一，这对40多岁的夫妇终于在一场为132对像他们一样的夫妇举办的集体婚礼上喜结连理。这些夫妇都太穷了，无法设宴款待亲朋好友，但婚宴又是婚礼仪式的一部分。

The tradition of living-in among couples without marriage is common among Oraon, Munda and Ho tribes of Jharkhand, where a couple unable to pay for a wedding simply moves in together and starts a family. They are called ‘Dhukua’ in local parlance. The female partner gets the society’s approval to live with her chosen male partner, but instead of being a wife, she is branded with the title of ‘Dhukni’ — a woman who has entered a household without marriage. The weddings, says the NGO organising it, are an attempt at redressing this.

在贾坎德邦的Oraon、Munda和Ho部落中，未婚同居的传统很常见。在这些部落中，无力支付婚礼费用的夫妻只能搬到一起同居组建家庭。他们在当地被称为“Dhukua”。女性伴侣得到了社会的认可，可以和她选择的男性伴侣生活在一起，但她不具备妻子的身份，而是被冠以“Dhukni”的称呼——未婚过门的女性。组织这场婚礼的非政府组织表示，这是纠正这一问题的尝试。

“I cultivate a small plot of land and never had enough to marry my partner. We have a teenage son and a daughter. When the NGO Nimitt told us about the mass wedding, I readily agreed,” Mahli said.

Mahli称：“我种了一小块地，但一直没攒够钱和我的伴侣结婚。我们有一个十几岁的儿子和一个女儿。当非政府组织Nimitt告知我这个集体婚礼时，我很乐意参加。”

“Though Dhukua women are as much a part of the family of the man as a wife, they and their children have no rights or official documents to show. We organised mass weddings of 21 such couples in 2016 and 43 in 2017. This year, the numbers have increased to 132 couples,” said Nimitt secretary Nikita Sinha on Saturday.

周六，非政府组织Nimitt秘书Nikita Sinha称：“尽管同居伴侣和妻子一样是男方家庭的一部分，但她们和她们的孩子没有官方文件证明，也不能享受应有的权利。我们在2016年为21对这类夫妇举办了集体婚礼，2017年增加到43对，今年，增加到了132对。”

“In our village, children of Dhukua couples cannot participate in religious rituals or get married. Though the female partner is every bit like a wife, she is like a second-class citizen with her children treated as social outcasts,” said Rahil Tete, who was at the event to witness the wedding of her son, as she held her eight-month-old granddaughter.

Rahil Tete抱着八个月大的孙女在现场观看儿子的婚礼，她说：“在我们村里，同居夫妇的孩子不能参加宗教仪式或结婚。虽然女性伴侣类似于妻子，但她们就像二等公民，她的孩子也被社会所排斥。”

The latest mass wedding had people from various religions — 76 couples followed the traditional tribal religion of Sarna, 36 were Hindu and 20 Christian — from different blocks of Khunti and Gumla districts. Each couple was allowed to bring 10 guests.

最近这场集体婚礼有来自不同宗教的人参加——76对夫妇信奉传统的萨尔纳部落宗教，36对为印度教徒和20对为基督徒。他们来自昆蒂和古姆拉的不同地区，每对夫妇可以带10位客人。

Budhishwar Gope, a resident of Basia who officially wed his partner of four years Urmila Devi, said, “Be it a plain feast of rice and meat or of hadiya (rice beer), the village elders don’t bless a wedding until a feast is held. They are not very happy with us coming here and getting married like this.”

来自Basia民Budhishwar Gope正式与同居四年的伴侣Urmila Devi结婚，他说:“在婚宴举行之前，村里的老人们是不会祝福你的婚姻的。对于我们到这里参加集体婚礼，以这种方式结婚，他们不太高兴。”

Sangain Manjhain, who wed her partner of 12 years said, “My partner is disabled and we have no money. But the village won’t let us get married unless we invite them to a feast. My second child has been taken into protection by the authorities a year ago.”

Sangain Manjhain和同居12年的伴侣结婚了，她说:“我的伴侣有残疾，没钱办婚礼。但是如果我们不邀请村里人参加婚姻，他们便不承认我们的婚姻。一年前，我的第二个孩子就被当局带走了。”

OTHERS WHO ARE 'FORCED' TO LIVE-IN

1.GARASIYAS

* Tribals based in Rajasthan, Gujarat

* Mostly farmers, labourers

* Teenage children befriend partners at 'courtship' fairs and live-in

* Couples marry only when they can throw a feast

2.DANGS

* Tribals from Gujarat

* Most live-in with partners

* Marry only when they can throw a feast

其他被迫同居的人：

Garasiyas

*位于古吉拉特邦、拉贾斯坦邦的部落

*主要是农民、劳工

*十几岁的孩子在“求偶”活动中找到伴侣，然后同居

*举办婚宴后，一对夫妻才算结婚

2.Dangs

*位于古吉拉特邦的部落

*大多数人都是同居

*举办婚宴后，一对夫妻才算结婚

However, many said such mass weddings do not really solve the problem for couples. Vasvi Kiro, tribal rights and social activist, told TOI, “Dhukua couples are accepted in tribal society. The concept of live-in relationships is allowed because not everyone can afford a grand wedding. ”

然而，很多人说这样的集体婚礼并不能真正解决这些夫妻的问题。部落权利和社会活动家Vasvi Kiro告诉《印度时报》:“在部落中，同居夫妇是被接受的。同居也是允许的，因为并不是每个人都能负担得起盛大的婚礼。。

Anil Kumar, Khunti coordinator for Nimitt, said there's still a long way to go before more couple are brought in. “Several villages outright refused to participate saying a wedding needs to be celebrated amidst family and friends, instead of a distant city,” he said.

非政府组织Nimitt昆蒂协调员阿尼尔·库马尔称：“要让更多的夫妇加入进来，还有很长的路要走。一些村庄直接拒绝参加婚礼，他们说婚礼应该在家人和朋友之间举行，而不是在一个遥远的城市。”（译自印度时报）

印度时报读者评论：

译文来源：三泰虎 http://www.santaihu.com/46893.html 译者：Jessica.Wu

krishna

They can simply go to the Government office and register. It will become legal.

直接去政府部门登记结婚，不就合法了。

John Lynn

locate them, educate them, skill them... to go to registrar of marriage office and registered marriage and get all the benefits from the government the banks and all others. such customs need to be eliminated with education and skilling to enable them earn a respectable life.

应该对这些人进行教育，让他们去婚姻登记办公室登记结婚。必须消除这种习俗，让他们能够过上体面的生活。

Zokhuma Lushai

Let the government sanction mass marriages in every village where there are at least 5 couples are waiting to be wedded. With 10 guests per couple, the expenditure will be not much. This program can be taken up by the Social Welfare Deptt.

对于至少有5对夫妇等待结婚的村庄，政府应批准集体婚姻。每对夫妇带10位客人，花费不会太多。这个项目可以由社会福利部负责。

Satish

SALUTE TO INDIAN TRADITION AND VALUES THAT MARRYING THE SAME GIRL YOU HAVE BEEN LIVING FOR YEARS. THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF TAKING RESPONSIBILITY EVEN WHEN THERE IS NO LEGAL OBLIGATION.

向印度传统和价值观致敬，和一个同居多年的女性结婚，这是一个即使没有法律义务也承担责任的例子。

Sainath Kalpathy

If two adults have no issue with this arrangment, what can others comment on ?

如果两个成年人对这个安排没有异议，其他人凭什么有意见?

Indian

Govt should organize mass wedding periodically and rich people can sponsor for mass feast.

印度政府应该定期组织集体婚礼，富人可以赞助集体喜宴。

Venkatesh i

Govt. should arrange mass wedding periodically or some rich patrons can conduct. And they should be given marriage certificates.

印度政府应定期组织集体婚礼，一些有钱人可以赞助。这类夫妇应该获得结婚证。

Tarun Gupta

They can marry in temple that it. Marriage is a declaration to society that we are living together for ever. Simply announcement of the same is enough no need to organize the feast for all

他们可以在寺庙举行婚礼。婚姻是向社会宣告我们永远生活在一起，只需宣布就足够了，没有必要为其他人举办盛宴。

TSR The Urbanist

Registeration of Marriage is a must legally and could be sponsored by the local panchayats instead of hosting grand feasts

婚姻登记才是成为合法夫妻所必须的，可以由当地的村务委员会办理，而不是通过举办盛大婚宴结婚。

Abd Kud

lol.. so dont marry !

哈哈，那就不结婚了。

mavani

Go to Government office and registered.

They will give you certificate. Simple.

去政府部门登记，他们会给你发结婚证的，就这么简单。

Bharat BOLD

good guidance and lesson for live in partners

对于同居伴侣来说是很好的引导。

EXPERT OION

For some LIVE IN tag suits only models and film industry people.

同居这个标签比较适合模特和从事电影行业的人。

Madan Mohan Siddhanthi

Opportunity for conversion of religion

趁机让人家皈依其他宗教。

Biranchi Narayan Acharya

So called NGOs take advantage & convert.

所谓的非政府组织利用举办集体婚礼，让他们皈依其他宗教。

Zokhuma Lushai

All the traditions and customs of every society in India must be respected. Though they may be ridiculous, absurd ans silly to some, we must remember that our own traditions and customs may also be ridiculous and silly to others. Therefore, let us all follow our traditional ways of life and live like brothers and sisters

印度社会的所有传统和习俗都必须得到尊重，虽然对有些人来说可能是可笑，荒谬和愚蠢的，让我们都遵循我们的传统生活方式，像兄弟姐妹一样生活

nkgopal

The Registrar of marriages should become proactive. There should be a mobile office and people should be encouraged to register their marriages.

婚姻登记官员应积极点，成立一个移动办公室，鼓励人们登记婚姻。

Suneet Sood

Why is this information newsworthy?

这个消息有什么新闻价值吗?

Ami kumar

Marry only when they can throw feast .....most live-in with partners ...Tribals form Gujrata...

古吉拉特邦的部落，大部分人都是同居，举办婚宴了才算结婚。

Natarajan D

break the tradition. marry within your limits, no need to give feast