A step toward gene-edited human CLONES? Five identical monkeys have been born with a genetic condition as scientists hope to create an army of primates for animal testing

向基因编辑克隆人迈出一步?科学家们希望培育一批灵长类动物用来进行动物试验，5只克隆猴生来就带基因疾病

Five cloned monkeys have been born with a host of genetic mental health conditions in a controversial experiment in China.

在进行的一项有争议的实验中，五只克隆猴在出生时就带有一系列的遗传问题。

The monkeys - all clones of one primate - have been specially bred to create a 'diseased' population of animals to use in laboratory tests.

这些猴子均为一种灵长类动物的克隆体——经过特别培育，形成一批供试验的“患病”克隆猴。

All five have the same DNA altered, which has resulted in symptoms similar to the human conditions of anxety, depression and schizophrenia.

这五只克隆猴的DNA都进行了同样的更改，导致了类似于人类焦虑、抑郁和精神分裂症的症状。

The quintet were born at the Institute of Neuroscience (ION) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Shanghai. Researchers used the same technique as was used last year to produce Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua – the first ever two cloned monkeys - and Dolly the sheep, famously cloned in the late 90s in Scotland.

这五只克隆猴诞生于上海中科院神经所。研究人员使用了与去年相同的技术，这种技术培育出了第一批克隆猴“中中”和“华华”，以及上世纪90年代末在苏格兰培育的著名克隆羊“多莉”。

The animals will be destined for a life in a laboratory and the scientists claim the gene-edited primates will be used to test groundbreaking new treatments for diseases ranging from brain disorders to cancers.

科学家们称，这些经过基因编辑的灵长类动物将被用来测试突破性的新疗法，治疗从脑部疾病到癌症等各种疾病。

But this latest move will inevitably raise ethical questions about the future of human cloning - and how close modern science is moving towards gene-edited clones.

但这一最新举措不可避免地会引发有关克隆人未来的伦理问题——以及现代科学正在向基因编辑克隆人迈进。

China has also been rocked by controversy after scientist He Jiankui claimed to have created the world's first genetically edited babies.

在科学家贺建奎声称创造了世界上首对基因编辑婴儿之后，也饱受争议。

Scientists hope that by repeating this process they can create one animal that exhibits the right symptoms and then use this as the future blueprint for all clones.

科学家们希望通过重复这一过程，创造出一种表现出正确症状的动物，然后以此为所有克隆动物的未来蓝图。

Cells from a donor monkey were used to create the clones.

用于克隆的细胞来自一只人工受精的猴子。

A process known as somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) was used to create the animals and it is the same procedure used to generate Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua, the first two cloned monkeys, and Dolly the sheep back in 1996.

科学家们利用体细胞核移植(SCNT)技术培育出了这些克隆猴。科学家们用同样的方法培育出了第一批克隆猴“中中”和“华患”，以及1996年出生的绵羊“多莉”。

Chinese scientists say the advance, reported online by the journal National Science Review,  said the cloned quintet showed signs of a wide-range of symptoms associated with the loss of BMAL1.

《国家科学评论》在网上报道了这一进展。科学家表示，五只克隆候显示出一系列与BMAL1缺失相关的症状。

The donor animals had this section of DNA deactivated via the famed gene-editing technique Crispr-Cas9.

通过著名的基因编辑技术Crispr-Cas9使这部分DNA失活。

This powerful tool allows scientists to manipulate genetic material and the changes are permanent and passed on down the generations.

这种强大的工具使科学家能够操纵遗传物质，而这些变化是永久性的，并代代相传。

It is also the technique allegedly used by Dr He Jiankui in China to create the first genetically modified human babies.

这也是贺建奎博士在培育首对基因编辑婴儿时使用的技术。

To create the monkey clones, Chinese researchers removed the nucleus from a monkey egg cell.

为了进行克隆，研究人员从一只猴子的卵细胞中取出细胞核。

Once the fibroblast nucleus was implanted in the egg cell, the embryo was cultivated and differentiates until it forms a complete organism.

This is an identical copy of the original animal, flaws and all.

一旦细胞核被植入到卵细胞中，胚胎就被培养和分化，直到形成一个完整的生物体。这是原样克隆，包括缺陷。

The embryo is implanted into the womb of a surrogate monkey that eventually give birth to the clones.

胚胎被植入代孕猴的子宫，最终诞生克隆猴。

Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua hit headlines last year when they were born using the same method with cells from an aborted foetus.

去年诞生的克隆猴“中中”和“华华”使用的是相同的技术，所使用的体细胞来自流产猴胚胎。

Dr Qiang Sun, director of ION's Non-human Primate Research Facility, said: 'Our approach is to perform gene-editing in fertilised embryos to first generate a group of gene-edited monkeys, and then select one monkey that exhibits correct gene editing and most severe disease phenotypes as the donor monkey for cloning.

'We believe that this approach of cloning gene-edited monkeys could be used to generate a variety of monkey models for gene-based diseases, including many brain diseases, as well as immune and metabolic disorders and cancer.'

中科院神经科学研究所非人类灵长类动物研究中心主任孙强博士表示:“我们的方法是在受精卵中进行基因编辑，首先生成一组基因编辑过的猴子，然后选择一只基因编辑正确、疾病症状最明显的猴子作为供体进行克隆。我们相信，这种克隆方法可以用于培育多种基因疾病猴模型，包括许多脑部疾病，以及免疫和代谢紊乱和癌症。”

The researchers plan to continue improving the technique to increase the efficiency of cloning.

研究人员计划继续改进这项技术，以提高克隆效率。

Since Dolly was cloned in Scotland back in 1996, more than 20 species of mammals have been cloned around the world - including cattle, cats, dogs, horses and rats

自从1996年克隆羊多莉羊在苏格兰诞生以来，全世界已经克隆了20多种哺乳动物，包括牛、猫、狗、马和老鼠。

英国每日邮报读者评论：

译文来源：三泰虎 http://www.santaihu.com/46931.html   译者：Jessica.Wu

外文：https://www.dailymail.co.uk

Lion-O, Thundera, United States, 3 hours ago

CHINA!!!! This is terrible!!!!

这太可怕了！！!

Targaryen dragons, Volantis, United Kingdom, 4 hours ago

Stop testing on animals. Try justi fying it all you like, there's no excuse for it.

停止动物实验，无论你有什么借口。

MarcoDiaz, Somewhere, United Kingdom, 4 hours ago

Science is good for us, but this feels very wrong on all levels. Nobody should be doing this, it's not the way.

科学对我们是有好处的，但从各个层面上看，这件事都是大错特错。谁都不能这么做，这不是解决之道。

YupThatJustHappened, whosville , United States, 4 hours ago

They have already gone further with this. They are just trying to ease us into it little by little.

他们已经在这条道上走得很远了，只是想让我们慢慢适应。

KarenVRyan, longmont, United States, 6 hours ago

ought to be illegal...no illness calls for cloning test animals

这是非法的，任何疾病都不需要克隆实验动物

Tisme1, Kings Landing, United Kingdom, 6 hours ago

Stop testing on animals.

停止动物实验。

SandyPandyBrown, London, United Kingdom, 6 hours ago

Leave the animals alone. If you want to do this sort of thing, then do it on humans.

离这些动物远点。如果你想做试验，那就在人类身上做。

LoveyDoveyToo, Chicago, United States, 7 hours ago

Animal testing needs to stop.

应该停止动物实验。

gossipgalore, Ireland somewhere, Ireland, 7 hours ago

This is awful. They are deliberately going to create animals to be sick and in pain to get their own way.

这是可怕的。他们故意让动物生病和遭受痛苦，以达到他们自己的目的。

Iluvpancakes, LONDON, United Kingdom, 7 hours ago

Poor animals

可怜的动物

mouse47., York, United Kingdom, 7 hours ago

Am I alone in being absolutely appalled by this in every sense?

难道只有我一个人对这一切感到震惊吗?

Joco26, Liverpool, United Kingdom, 7 hours ago

No you are not !

@mouse47不是！

Drago, London, United Kingdom, 7 hours ago

Sick sick sick sick

恶心，恶心，恶心

BARNIE, hereford, United Kingdom, 7 hours ago

Why do scientists think they can play with genetic science, this will be the downfall of the human race.

为什么科学家认为他们可以玩弄基因科学，这将导致人类的衰败。

Rammed Earth, Cavewell, Antigua and Barbuda, 7 hours ago

This is BAD science.

这是伪科学。

Save The World, Telford, United Kingdom, 8 hours ago

Things like this are already happening in the World, just hidden from us.

这样的事情已经在世界上发生了，只是我们不知道罢了。

Alex M. Salmond, Glasgow. Scotland., United Kingdom, 8 hours ago

'To be sane in a world of madmen, is a form of insanity in itself'.

“在疯子的世界里保持理智，本身就是一种精神错乱。”

c.clare, liverpool, 9 hours ago

Can't these monsters just leave animals alone?

难道就不能放过动物吗?

Asuhdudee, London, United Kingdom, 9 hours ago

This is so wrong

这是大错特错的