为何印度创新能力如此弱

Why India is so bad at innovation?

为何印度在创新领域如此糟糕？

以下是Quora读者的评论：

Abhay Agrawal, Software Engineer at Volvo Cars

India is bad at innovation. Indians aren't. Reason why India fare so badly at innovation are multiple.

印度不擅长创新。印度在创新方面表现如此糟糕的原因是多方面的。

1.Brain drain: All good brains from India prefer to move US or other big countries. One of my good friends who did PhD from US when he returned back to India found his knowledge is useless. He worked as lecturer for 1 year in ISM dhanbad and later returned back to US. He wanted to study further and continue with his research.

2.Less investment in R&D in India. Govt spend less than 1 percentage GDP on R&D.

3.Lack of motivation within family. Most of the people are sole bread earner and are forced to be laborious then innovative.

4.Companies in India are not innovation oriented. Most Indian companies are profit oriented. They don't allocate good money for carrying R&D activities.

1.人才流失:所有来自印度的优秀人才更愿意移民到美国或其他大国。我的一个好朋友在美国读完博士后回到印度，发现自己的知识毫无用处。他在ISM做了一年的讲师，后来回了美国。他想继续深造，继续他的研究。

2.印度的研发投资较少。政府在研发上的支出不到GDP的1%。

3.缺乏家庭内的推动力。大多数人都是家里唯一的收入来源，他们不得不努力工作，而不是创新。

4.印度的公司不是以创新为导向。大多数印度公司以利润为导向。他们没有分配好资金来进行研发活动。

5.Education system. Less not talk about Indian education. Beside IITs and few NITs other college imparts bookish education and focus very minimal in imparting quality education. Lack of good professor.

6.English language- It's well known that people are more productive when they use Mother tongue instead of foreign language. So from begng we are trained not to be scientist but clerks.

7.Risk bearing attitude: We are not raised to take big risks in our life.

8.Bad media, social sites bad usage are making people dumb.But this is everywhere.

9.Bad and corrupt politics.

10.Complex documentation for startups

Again I repeat, Indians are innovative. Cities like Bangalore to some extent has create pathway for innovation, but sooner it will spread to other cities as well. India is moving towards finance growth and middle class population is rising. If govt allocate better budget for R& D sectors, focus more on innovation and try to bring back good brains who moved out of India, country can shine.

译文来源：三泰虎 http://www.santaihu.com/48711.html 译者：Joyceliu

5.教育体系。印度的教育就更别提了。除了印度理工学院和其他很少的学院外，其他学院都只会进行书呆子教育，很不注重素质教育。好的教授很稀缺。

6.英语语言—众所周知，当人们使用母语而不是外语时，他们的工作效率更高。所以从一开始，我们就被训练成职员而不是科学家。

7.承担风险的态度:在生活中，我们不愿意冒太大的风险。

8.糟糕的媒体，糟糕的社交网站让人们变得愚蠢。但这是无处不在的。

9.糟糕腐败的政治。

10.初创公司的复杂申请文件

我再次重申，印度人具有创新精神。像班加罗尔这样的城市在某种程度上已经为创新开辟了道路，很快就会推广到其他城市。印度正朝着金融增长和中产阶级人口增长的方向发展。如果政府为研发部门分配更好的预算，更多地关注创新，并努力将那些离开印度的优秀人才引流回来，这个国家就能大放异彩。

Nisankh Acharjya, Opensource Developer (2004-present)

People do answer about movies , examples etc etc

But my experience says it just because INDIAN MENTALITY

i have experienced almost 99.9% indian students mentality is easy give up.. when they don’t know what to do they just do give up

like every student is running after job in india .. their career theory for being successful means A JOB , A HOUSE , A GIRLFRIEND ( IF FOREIGNER THAN MORE SUCCESSFUL ) and maxmum level of success measured in india by this IS HE OR SHE OWNS A JAGUAR , Mercedes CAR etc thats it

next reason why india is so bad in innovation because In india there is no importance in innovative study through research .. maxmum innovation ( a less amount ) done by indians do took place in foreign universities or labs not in india

next Indian society and education system never accept a failure or this society and education system has no place for failure .. i have read somewhere IF LAW CAN’T FORGIVE THAN ITS NOT LAW and IF EDUCATION CAN’T ACCEPT FAILURE THAN IT’S NOT EDUCATION . indian education never allow a person to be failed

so may be few indians do innovation but that because they are NOT LIVING IN INDIA ..

人们会回答关于电影、榜样等的问题

但我的经验告诉我，这只是因为印度人的心态

我遇到过的几乎99.9%的印度学生的心态都很容易放弃…当他们不知道该做什么时，他们就会放弃

就像每个印度学生都在找工作一样…他们眼中成功的职业就意味着一份工作，一所房子，一个女朋友，在印度衡量成功的最大标准是他或她否是拥有一辆捷豹，奔驰车等等。

下一个原因，为什么印度在创新方面如此糟糕，这是因为在印度，通过研究进行创新并不重要。印度人最大的创新发生在国外的大学或实验室，而不是在印度。

其次，印度社会和教育系统从来不接受失败，这个社会和教育系统不允许失败。我曾读到过一篇文章，如果法律不能宽恕，那就不是法律；如果教育不能接受失败，那就不是教育。印度的教育从不允许一个人失败。

所以也许有些印度人会创新，但那也是因为他们不住在印度。

Krishna Yogi, works at Microsoft

I think most people here are probably not entrepreneurs and only are taking guesses without actually doing deep dives into the real issues.

I have been an entrepreneur and have done couple of startups myself and routinely do deep dive research on world economy.

Now, one of biggest reason why India is so slow on innovation is lack of regulatory approval for any new technology. Indian govt doesn't bother much about the upcoming technologies like say cryptocurrency or drones and much more. They pay lip service to innovation but don't really do any thing to support innovation.

Indian govt officials are some of most arrogant people on the earth who like to control as much as possible so as to consolidate their power. Regulation is always been a tool of power consolidation.

India ranks 130th of economic freedom as they actively put in huge regulatory blocks for entrepreneurs.

Indians on the other hand have excelled extremely well in developed countries ?? How is this possible if Indian parenting is restrictive.

我想这里的大多数人可能都不是企业家，他们只是在猜测，而没有深入研究真正的问题。

我曾是一名企业家，创办过几家公司，经常对世界经济进行深入研究。

现在，印度在创新方面如此迟缓的最大原因之一是，任何新技术都没有得到监管部门的批准。印度政府不太关心即将到来的技术，比如加密货币或无人机等等。他们口头上支持创新，但实际上没有做任何事情。

印度政府官员是地球上最傲慢的人之一，他们喜欢尽可能多地控制，以巩固自己的权力。监管一直是权力巩固的工具。

在经济自由度方面，印度排在第130位，因为印度积极为企业家设置了巨大的监管障碍。

另一方面，印度人在发达国家中表现非常出色。如果印度的教育方式是限制性的，这怎么可能呢？

Neela Nivi, studied at Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science and Engineering (2017)

May be because most of us help big multinationals to achieve their innovations.

Innovative ideas are drained out by caste based reservations,corruption and the dirty politics which lurks in every possible corner in our country.

On the other hand education department still strives to find great techniques which can foster innovation.

The experimental projects must be given more weight-age than the theory papers in technical studies.

We are the country with the largest number of engineers graduating every year.If every student chooses engineering by passion definitely there wouldn’t be a shortage in innovation.

也许是因为我们大多数人都在帮助大型跨国公司实现他们的创新。

基于种姓预留制、腐败以及潜伏在我们国家每一个角落的肮脏政治榨干了创新的想法。

另一方面，教育部门仍在努力寻找可以促进创新的伟大技术。

在技术研究中，实验项目必须给予比理论论文更多的权重。

印度是每年工程师毕业人数最多的国家。如果每个学生都因热情而选择工程，创新肯定不会少。

Akshay Datir, lives in India

My answer is in terms of Mechanical Engineers.

Most of the Indians don't understand innovation. Understanding people then innovating is never taught in India.

India has a lot of service centre jobs in the mechanical industry (Don’t want to name any). And the funniest thing which can only be seen in India is a mechanical engineer who has never held a vernier calliper in his hand designs stuff and works on NPD projects.

Most of the students have dreams of working in such companies as there are a lot of onsite opportunities but what they are missing is the knowledge, expertise they need for the future.

我的答案是基于机械工程师的。

大多数印度人不懂创新。印度从来没有教过理解别人然后创新。

印度在机械工业中有很多服务中心的工作。而最有趣的事情，只有在印度可以看到，机械工程师从来没有拿着游标卡尺设计东西，或者在NPD项目上工作。

大多数学生梦想在这样的公司工作，因为有很多的现场机会，但他们错过的是知识，专业知识，以及他们需要的未来。

Jd Neog

Because of the same old education policy…They are not led to their interest…suppose you have a deep interest in painting… But what you are forcing to do was a doctor or a teacher or whatever it may be… If he has given a chance for 2–3 years to develop his logic or allow him to see the world as a view of a painter he might have created some extraordinary work and it applies to the other field also.

It is the time for revolution in education. .So don't just study the book,study yourself in which zone you are strong of and in which way you want to live your life.

Take chances when you are young,so that you can tell stories when you will be Old

因为相同的旧过时的教育政策…他们并未追随自己的兴趣…假设你对绘画有浓厚兴趣……但你被逼迫选择医生或老师或其他职业……如果他有机会锻炼他的逻辑或能够以画家的观点看世界，他可能已经有所建树了。

现在是教育革命的时候了，所以不要只学习书本，要问问自己，你最擅长哪个领域，你想选择什么职业。

年轻的时候要抓住机会，这样才可以在年老的时候有所回忆。

Sanjay Krish, Assistant Professor at SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur (2015-present)

Education is simply bad. Teaching is paid low wage in India (except IIT’s and top private colleges which account for less than 10% of institutions) so all the last set of unemployed people join teaching making it worse. AICTE, UGC,NBA all government bodies are heavily corrupted. All university VC, registrar and teaching post in govt colleges are though bribe. one who bids highest is given Vice Chancellor VC post. So all young minds are getting rotten and so India can never ever innovate. India is in deep hole of corruption bribing which plagues the education sector making innovation out of question.

教育很糟糕。在印度，教师的工资很低(除了印度理工学院和顶级私立大学，它们在所有院校中所占的比例不到10%)，失业人员加入了教师队伍，使得情况变得更糟。所有政府机构都严重腐败。所有政府学院的大学副校长、注册主任和教师职位都是靠贿赂而得的。出价最高的人被授予副校长职位。所有的年轻人都在堕落，所以印度永远不可能创新。印度深陷腐败贿赂的泥潭，这一问题困扰着教育部门，使得创新毫无可能。

Anil Gupta, Investor, Explorer, Researcher and IT Professional at Free Lancing (2011-present)

Good question.

There could be a number of challenges in India for innovation — and it may vary on individual perception. Here are mine:

好问题。

在印度，创新可能会面临许多挑战，而个人的看法也可能有所不同。这是我的看法:

1.We Indian, do not accept or respect failures — Innovation is not all about success. It is about keep trying till you get success. And it could be a long, long journey. The leader and team needs continuous motivation and encouragement in this journey. They don’t receive that sort of acceptance or respect from the society during this journey a lot of times.

2.A large number of times, we look for Quick results, low hanging fruits— Good and deep rooted innovation needs time, patience and constant hardwork. It is not about finding quick success and low hanging fruits, and getting some instant limelight

3.Cheating is very common, that at times leads to erosion of trust — Innovation building needs funds. Innovators may not have funds so they have to go to the people who do have funds. Now, again 90–10 rule applies. 10% of these people may be genuine, but 90% of these people don’t approach with right intentions — somewhere cheating thoughts are going on in the back of their mind. How can investors trust the right people in such an environment

4.Innovation needs strong collaboration and mutual cooperation, at times, people would want to work in silos.

5.There are some secret sauce of success in innovation, the ecosystem, the environment, the talent, the desire, the fire, and so on..

1.我们印度人，不接受也不尊重失败—创新不是只为了成功，而是坚持不懈，直到成功。这可能是一个漫长的过程。在这个过程中，领导者和团队需要不断的激励和鼓励。在这个过程中，他们很多时候得不到社会的认可和尊重。

2.很多时候，我们追求的是立竿见影、唾手可得的成果——好的、根基深的创新需要时间、耐心和不断的努力。它不能带来快速的成功和唾手可得的果实，得到即时的关注。

3.欺诈行为是很常见的，有时会导致信任受损—创新需要资金。创新者可能没有资金，所以他们不得不求助于那些有资金的人。现在，再次套用90-10规则。10%的人可能是真诚的，但是90%的人图谋不轨—在他们的内心深处有欺骗的想法。在这样的环境下，投资者怎么能相信合适的人呢。

4.创新需要强有力的协作和相互合作。

5.成功的秘诀在于创新、生态系统、环境、人才、欲望、热情等等。

Subrat Borgohain, studied at Salt Brook Academy, Dibrugarh

Look up figures for Indian patent applications per million people and compare it against say, the Korean figures. You’ll realise how innovative Indians are(pun intended). I don’t know why or how but India has always been jealous of for a while now. And fact is, they are way better at innovating than us. Way better.

As for the why: Don’t listen to whatever stupid socio-economic reason others give you. Consider this: Have you ever heard of an Indian college student innovating something worthwhile? I’m sure you have. But how many cases do you come across in a year? Turn your heads to our neighbour and rival i.e and you’ll be blown away. Also poverty doesn’t stop innovation. Haven’t you read rag to riches stories ever? My understanding is this: The reason Indians are not innovating is because they are the most unmotivated and laziest species you can find on the freaking globe. Welp, speak for myself.

查一下印度每百万人的专利申请数据，将其与韩国的数据进行比较。你会发现印度人是多么有创新精神(双关语)。我不知道为什么，但印度一直嫉妒，嫉妒了很久了。事实上，他们比我们更善于创新。

至于原因:不要听别人给你分析愚蠢的社会经济原因。想想看:你听说过印度的大学生进行过有价值的创新吗?我相信你有。但你一年能遇到多少呢?现在看看我们的邻居和对手，，你会被震撼的。贫穷也不会阻止创新。你没读过白手起家的故事吗?我的理解是:印度人不创新是因为他们是地球上最没有动力、最懒的物种。嗯，为我自己说话。

Aakash Kamra, studied JEE Preparation

India is bad in innovation ,because of many reasons

1: Not so creative and innovative leaders

I am not saying modi is a bad leader , but still see the case of dubai and israel,They are on the top just because thier leaders are smart and innovative

2:Education system of India

Nothing needed to be said about this we all know about it very well

The schools and colleges just focuses on money

And the syllabus is also just theortical and old fashioned

3:Due to the mentality of the people

Actually indians themselves do not want any kind of innovations, they don’t want to innovate by themselves , and if any other person is doing something innovative ,they will interrupt for sure

印度在创新方面做得不好，原因有很多

1.缺乏创新精神的领导人

我并非说莫迪是糟糕的领导人，但看看迪拜和以色列的例子，他们排在首位就是因为他们的领导人十分聪明，敢于创新。

2:印度的教育体系

关于这件事无需多说，我们都很清楚。

学校和大学只看重钱

教学大纲是纯理论性的，过时了

3.人们的心态

实际上，印度人自己不想要任何创新，他们不想自己创新，如果其他人创新，他们还会阻挠

Ram Dev

India is bad at innovations.Because the students in our country study education for Mark's and for sake of job .They simply follow other students and not by get knowing their interests .They simply by heart the books and crack exams they didn't learn deep subject and how could they innovate new things.

2.Indian jobs are given by simply considering the Mark's only and not by their external skills.

3.India is losing the knowledgeable students because they are no new companies and present best companies are owned by other countries.The people are interested in getting job in that companies and the innovations of our students are manipulated by other countries.

印度不擅长创新。因为我们国家的学生学习教育是为了分数和工作，他们只是跟其他学生一起随波逐流，没有发掘自己的兴趣，只是单纯地记忆课本、应付考试，他们没有学习深入的课程，谈何创新。

2.印度工作岗位的招聘也只看分数，不看应聘者的社会技能。

3.印度正在失去知识渊博的学生，因为他们不是新公司，现在最好的公司都是国外企业。人们有兴趣在那种公司找工作，我们学生的创新成果被其他国家掌控了。