印度高铁的现状如何

What is the current status of bullet train in india?

印度高铁的现状如何？

以下是Quora读者的评论：

Nitin Sharma, BS Transportation Techology, NRTI , Vadodara (2021)

I am from National Rail and Transportation Institute(NRTI) Inside the National Academy of Indian Railways(NAIR), Vadodara where the Bullet train Demo Track construction is going on.

I can talk about the Construction in Vadodara. Since it will be a station between Mumbai to Ahmedabad project in Vadodara, There is Demo track is being built for training purpose here As I talked with them.（图）

我来自瓦多达拉国家铁路研究院（NAIR）的国家铁路和运输研究所（NRTI），那里正在进行高铁示范轨道的建设。

我可以谈谈瓦多达拉的建设情况。这会是孟买至瓦多达拉艾哈迈达巴德项目之间的一个车站，这里正在修建用于培训的示范轨道。

This picture is of us over the track of bullet train

这张照片是我们在高铁轨道上拍摄的。

However, it was not allowed to go over tracks without Helmet but later on the In charge of the construction who was Japanese took us there. He seems to be very Humble and interested to talk and told about that How this will work. He also told that the Initial model of the bullet train that will be brought in India will be Shinkansen. Whose speed will be 320km/hr

There was two track there one was straight and one was bend for the trial purpose. Also, I asked the question that

按照规定，没带头盔不得穿过铁轨，但后来负责施工的日本人带我们进入工地。他似乎很谦虚，很有兴趣谈谈，向我们介绍高铁的运行情况。他还说，将引进印度的高铁的首个车型是新干线。其速度为320公里/小时

轨道有两条，一条直，一条弯。我还问了一个问题：

Can these trains run on conventional tracks?

They told Most high-speed trains to run on conventional tracks similar to conventional gauge systems but built with stronger material. The train on such a track is likely to have two synchronized engines (power cars), one at either end. Most receive power from roof-mounted pantographs and overhead supply lines. A large part of route alignment is kept straight to support high speed. Although in most countries these trains operate on dedicated tracks, many can also run on conventional tracks at reduced speeds.

Most of the material is being imported from Japan.

Here are images of the first consignment that is arrived from Japan Even the Rails are also being imported from the Japan.

这些火车能在常规轨道上运行吗？

他们说大多数高速列车在传统轨道上运行，这种轨道类似于传统的轨距系统，但材料更坚固。在这种轨道上运行的列车可能有两个同步发动机（动力车箱），两端各有一个。基本上都由车顶安装供电线路驱动。轨道路线的大部分会保持直线，保证运行速度。尽管在大多数国家，这些列车在专用轨道上运行，但许多列车也可以降低速度在传统轨道上运行。

现在大部分材料都是从日本进口的。

这是从日本运来的第一批货物的照片，连轨道也是从日本进口的。

Rajendra Bisawa, works at Engineering

Bullet train will arrive late!

New govt wants to shelve the project. NCP & Congress influenced the new govt to waive off the farmers loan so that these political parties can usurp the money that was made available for Bullet train by Japan govt.

So in 80 hrs govt of Fadnavis 2.0 it transferred Bullet train funds to Central account and three parties are left wringing their palms. This was the master stroke of Modi-Shah duo.

高铁项目会推迟上马！

新政府想搁置这个项目。全国大会党和国会希望新政府豁免农民贷款，这样这些政党就可以截取日本政府为高铁提供的资金。

因此，在80小时内，法德纳维斯2.0政府就将高铁的资金转移到中央账户，三方手足无措。这是莫迪·沙阿·杜奥的拿手绝技。

Satish Vats, former Chief Engineer at HP IPH (2008-2011)

So far only land acquisition process is in progress with some design work of bridges and underpasses. Actual land in possession of the company is too small compared to what it needs. Then there are quite a few farmers who are unwilling to part with their land even though the compensation is by far the highest ever paid . The High courts of Gujarat and Maharashtra are already taking issues related to land acquisition.

I think it is too early to talk about progress of project in real time as only some software components are in progress. Actual construction is likely to begin by next year only

到目前为止，只有土地征用程序，一些桥梁和地下通道的设计工作还在进行中。与公司所需的土地面积相比，公司实际拥有的土地还是太少了。还有相当一部分农民不愿意放弃他们的土地，尽管他们的补偿金已经是迄今为止最高的了。古吉拉特邦和马哈拉施特拉邦高等法院已经在处理与土地征用有关的问题。

我认为现在讨论项目的进度还为时过早，因为只有一些软件组件有进展。实际施工可能明年才会开始。

Krishnamoorthy Ramachandran, Senior Management at Syndicate Bank

Now Sri Thackeray is executing the orders dictated to him by the NCP group / cabinet ministers .Withdrawing cases etc.Next the Congress group will tell him why not write off all farmers loans as we had done in Madhyapradesh ,Chhattisgarh and Rajasthan.( we do not know what exactly was done there).Where are the funds he may think.Bullet train funds can be used the Congress will say.When so many farmers are suffering why do you want to implement Bullet train project.Put it in the back burner.Metro rail can wait.Shed it for the present.Sri Thackeray will have to say yes. The CM is just dummy and the real CM is these coterie of Cabinet ministers of NCP and Congress.There is NYAY in such type of approach also.Bullet trains can wait.First write off loans of ALL farmers whether rich or poor.Taxpayers money only.

We have interesting days ahead.

现在，Sri Thackeray正在执行全国大会党集团/内阁部长下达给他的命令。比如撤销案件等等。下一步，国会将告诉他，为什么不像我们在中央邦、恰蒂斯加尔和拉贾斯坦邦（我们不知道那里到底做了些什么）做的那样豁免所有农民的贷款。他可能会想，资金去哪儿找呢。国大党会说，高铁资金可以挪用呀。当这么多农民正在遭受苦难时，为什么还要实施高铁项目。先把高铁项目往后放一放。高铁可以先等等。Sri Thackeray将不得不接受。部长只是一个傀儡，真正的部长是由全国大会党和国会的内阁部长组成的小团体。首先豁免所有农民的贷款，无论贫富。这只是纳税人的钱罢了。

我们前头还有好日子呢。

Ajay Bansal, Cost Engineer at Japan International Consultants

Currently, I am working on the same project and we are preparing the tender documents. Project involve total 23 tender and out of 23 there are 2 tender already awarded to the contractor. In the current year most of the tender are open for bidding or you can see the work on ground by June 2018.

目前，我也在为这个项目忙活，我们正在准备招标文件。项目涉及23个投标，23个投标中有2个已经敲定了承包商。在本年度，大多数投标都会公开招标，也许2018年6月之前就开始动工。

Anonymous

Yes. It will run exactly as planned on 2022 Aug 15(75th independance day)

Just Joking!

It's not gonna happen anywhere in next 15 years as per current speed of progress. Not even land has been properly acquired by any governments. Its planned through many wildlife sanctuaries,farmlands,biospher reserves etc making it even a tough task. It will happen probably after 20 years. By the if you are alive you can ride on it

对。它将完全按照计划在2022年8月15日（第75个独立日）开始运行。

哈哈，开玩笑！

按照目前的进展速度，在未来15年内啥也不会发生。政府甚至连土地都还没征用好呢。按照规划，高铁会通过许多野生动物保护区，农田，生物圈保护区等，使得这个项目变成一项艰巨的任务。20年后或许才会动工。到那时候如果你还活着，你倒是可以搭乘看看。

Ankit Naphade

It cannot happen before Dedicated Freight Corridors in any case. That can be a dream till 2023. It will take long long duration.

这是绝对不可能在专用货运走廊完工之前发生的。在2023年之前都只能是个白日梦。这要耗上很长时间。

Bhavesh Rajput, studied CFA at Institute of Chartered Financial Analysts of India University

Dream of traveling through high speed Bullet Train is going to happen in India. NHSRCL is implementing India's first high speed Mumbai Ahemdabad Bullet Train Project.

Total distance of Bullet train route is 508 KMs. Land acquisition work is under progress for high speed bullet train. As per the schedule the implementation work will be completed by 2022.

Proposed Bullet train corridor will have 12 stations. Each station will have their own beauty designed with the famous thing of the city. Checkout details High Speed Bullet Train in India

搭乘高铁穿越印度的梦想将要实现了。印度首个孟买-阿赫姆达巴德的动车项目正在建设。

动车组线路总距离508公里。高铁项目的征地工作正在进行中。根据计划，实施工作将于2022年完成。

拟建的高铁沿线将设12个车站。每个车站都会根据各自城市的特色来设计。看看印度高铁的详情吧。

RealtyMyths, Admin at RealtyMyths

The high-speed bullet train between the industrial hub Ahmedabad and Mumbai, the financial capital of India, is being built that stretches to almost 508.17kms. The route passes through the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat with one Union Territory, Dadra & Nagar Haveli. It is the first bullet train project in the country – running at 320kmph, the train will begin and terminate at the Sabarmati station in Gujarat. Travel time between Mumbai and Sabarmati will be 2.07 hours for the fast trains and 2.58 hours for trains with 12 stops.

The project was initiated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2018 with the Japanese counterpart Shinzo Abe. While the target set for the completion of the project was 2023, delays due to several reasons, which may exceed the deadline. Initially, it struggled to take off, a strong community of farmers – The Gujarat Khedut Samaj, opposed the project on grounds of challenging the government’s modification of Section 10A that relieves it from the mandate of analyzing the social impact. The Maharashtra tribes too raised their voices against the.

The Centre didn’t take any action in time, when ordered by the Gujarat High Court to address the farmer’s petitions that were filed on Sept 18, 2018. The farmers also protested that the costs of their lands were not revised, according to the current market value as needed under Section 26 of the Land Acquisition Act.

在工业中心艾哈迈达巴德和印度金融之都孟买之间运行的高铁正在建设中，全长近508.17公里。路线经过马哈拉施特拉邦和古吉拉特邦，以及一个联邦领地，达德拉和纳加尔哈维里。这是该国首列高速列车项目——时速320公里，列车将在古吉拉特邦的萨巴马蒂车站往返。从孟买到萨巴马蒂的运行时间，快车为2.07小时，12站列车为2.58小时。

该项目是由首相莫迪在2018年与日本对手安倍晋三共同发起的。虽然该项目的完成目标是2023年，但由于若干原因而延误，可能会超过最后期限。项目一开始就遇到了阻挠，一个强大的农民社区——古吉拉特凯杜萨马反对该项目，理由是该项目反对政府对第10A条的修订条款，该修订条款豁免了项目的社会影响评估。马哈拉施特拉邦部落也发出了反对的声音。

当古吉拉特邦高等法院下令处理该农民于2018年9月18日提交的请愿书时，中央没有及时采取任何行动。农民们还抗议说，根据当前市场价值，《土地征用法》第26条规定的土地成本没有相应的调整。

Ravi Vishwakarma, BE from Central Institute Plastics Engineering and Technology (2021)

NHSRCL invited entries for a name for India’s first bullet train and designing its mascot. In a month-long contest from February to March 2019, about 22,000 entries were received.

国家高铁有限公司（NHSRCL）邀请参赛者为印度第一列高铁命名并设计其吉祥物。在2019年2月至3月为期一个月的比赛中，收到了约22000份参赛作品。

Nikhil Chauhan, lived in India

Mumbai-Ahmedabad Bullet Train Project: All efforts are being made to make sure that India’s first bullet train project meets the August 2022 deadline for completion. The groundwork for the bullet train project which will ply over Mumbai-Ahmedabad route started in December 2017, however, since then the project has faced many challenges over land acquisition from farmers backed by local political groups in Gujarat as well as in Maharashtra. According to National High-Speed Rail Corporation Limited (NHSRCL), the bullet train project, worth Rs 1.08-lakh-crore, so far has not missed milestones set in its timeline. The project is being built with an 80 per cent loan from Japan. The project is being developed on over 1,400 hectares of land, covering three districts in Maharashtra and eight districts in Gujarat, other than a small area in Dadra & Nagar Haveli.

孟买至艾哈迈达巴德的高铁项目：印度正在尽一切努力确保印度的第一个高铁项目在2022年8月的最后期限内完工。孟买-艾哈迈达巴德之间的高铁项目于2017年12月开工，但自那时起，该项目在从古吉拉特邦和马哈拉施特拉邦当地政治团体支持的农民手中征用土地方面面临许多挑战。根据国家高铁有限公司（NHSRCL）的说法，价值108亿卢比的高铁项目迄今并未错过其规划的时间点。这个项目是用日本80%的贷款建造的。该项目正在1400多公顷土地上开发，覆盖马哈拉施特拉邦的三个区和古吉拉特邦的八个区，而不是达德拉和纳加尔哈维里的小片地区。

According to an IE report, for the bullet train project, the LIDAR, which is a laser-based aerial survey, was completed early last year. This was followed by a physical survey in order to verify and update LIDAR results, under which 184 villages in Gujarat and 50 villages in Maharashtra were covered. For this, notices were issued to land-owners. Following this, the joint measurement survey has been conducted and so far it is complete in 50 villages in Maharashtra and 30 villages in Gujarat, covering 102 km of the 508 km line. After the survey, a small pillar has also been installed for physical identification for acquisition. According to NHSRCL officials, handing out of compensation will take nearly three months following all due processes. NHSRCL’s deadline to complete the land acquisition process is December this year. However only 0.9 hectares of land has been handed over so far, and this in the Bandra-Kurla Complex.

根据IE的一份报告，对于高铁项目，激光雷达—基于激光的航空测量，已于去年年初完成。随后进行了一次实地调查，以核实和更新激光雷达的结果，调查覆盖了古吉拉特邦的184个村庄和马哈拉施特拉邦的50个村庄。为此，高铁公司向土地所有者发出了通知。此后，在马哈拉施特拉邦的50个村庄和古吉拉特邦的30个村庄进行了联合测量调查，迄今已完成，覆盖了508公里线路中的102公里。调查结束后，还安装了一个小柱子，以便进行实物鉴定。据国家高铁有限公司的官员称，在所有正当程序之后，发放赔偿金将需要近三个月的时间。国家高铁有限公司完成土地征用程序的最后期限是今年12月。然而，到目前为止，只有班德拉库尔拉综合区0.9公顷的土地顺利移交。

Interestingly, Gujarat and Maharashtra have different compensation laws. For Maharashtra, NHSRCL is paying four times the circle rate of the land, a 25 per cent bonus, and also an amount of Rs 5 lakh. If anyone loses a house, he or she can choose either money to buy a new house elsewhere at twice the construction cost or a new one built nearby (500 sq feet). The company is offering Rs 3,600 per month for livelihood loss. Rs 5 lakh is being paid to landless agriculture as a provision for one-time and also Rs 25,000 is being provided to employees of shops on land, which is to be acquired. Also, for forest land, the company is paying 50 per cent of land cost to the displaced and the remaining 50 per cent to the state government. Meanwhile, in Gujarat, the state government plans to offer farmers either 4.75 times the exsting jantri prices (the state yardstick) or the average rate within a 1.5-km radius, whichever is higher. Also, the company is paying a 25 per cent bonus, and the same livelihood-loss-related sops as offered in Maharashtra.

According to the report, protestors are expressing their anger as they are unable to get clear answers from officials on the impact of the project on resources, restrictions on activities, vibrations from the train etc. Also, some farmers are demanding alternative land as they are of the view that the division of land will leave their farmland useless.

For the implementation of the project, the high-speed alignment needs to be as free of curves as possible. Any speed above 300 km per hour requires a straight alignment. The report stated that, while farmers are demanding right of way, NHSRCL officials were stated saying that as per Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act of 2013, the linear project is allowed to acquire land even without consent of certain parties and if need arises compensation shall be paid. However, according to the officials, NHSRCL is not looking to invoke such provisions.

有趣的是，古吉拉特邦和马哈拉施特拉邦有不同的赔偿法。对马哈拉施特拉邦来说，国家人*委员会支付的土地使用费是土地使用费的四倍，25%的奖金，还有50万卢比。如果有人失去了房子，他或她可以选择在别处以两倍于建筑成本的价格购买一套新房子，或者在附近建造一套新房子（500平方英尺）。该公司每月提供3600卢比的生活费。向无地农业一次性支付了50万卢比，还向土地上被收购商店的雇员提供了25000卢比。此外，对于林地，该公司向无家可归者支付50%的土地费用，其余50%支付给州政府。同时，在古吉拉特邦，政府计划向农民提供4.75倍的现行詹特里价格（国家标准）或1.5公里半径内的平均价格，以较高者为准。

据报道，抗议者们正在表达他们的愤怒，因为他们无法从官员那里得到关于该项目对资源的影响、对活动的限制、列车振动等的明确答案，一些农民要求更换其他土地，因为他们认为土地分割使他们的农田一文不值。

为了项目的实施，高铁轨道需要尽可能避免弯路。时速超过300公里的车辆都需要直线行驶。报告指出，虽然农民要求路权，但国家人*委员会官员表示，根据2013年《土地征用、恢复和安置法》中的公平补偿权和透明度，即使未经某些方同意，直线项目也可以征用土地，如有需要，应给予补偿。但据官员称，国家人*委员会并不打算援引这些条款。

Earlier this year, NHSRCL MD Achal Khare was quoted saying that the company will provide an entitlement card to each land loser which will have his bank account number and also all the items against which he will get compensation. The company will monitor this till the time the land loser gets his last compensation. Also, for land being split, special compensation is being paid by the company.

In order to take quick decisions, a three-member committee has been appointed by NHSRCL, for agreeing to any demand made by villagers that can be carried out with up to a certain amount of money. Additionally, NHSRCL claimed that it has taken note of various demands for amenities such as healthcare, drinking, education, sanitation, and livelihood, the report stated.

Meanwhile, NHSRCL is carrying out the technical assessment of the offer from the Godrej group, with the conglomerate moving the Bombay High Court against the proposed land acquisition of a 3.5-hectare plot for the project and offering a piece of land adjacent to the plot reserved for acquisition.

今年早些时候，国家高铁有限公司 MD Achal Khare被引述说，该公司将向每个失地者提供一张权利卡，上面有他的银行账号，以及他将获得赔偿的所有内容。公司将严格监管，直到失地者得到最后一笔赔偿。另外，对于土地被分割的问题，公司还将支付特别补偿金。

为了迅速作出决定，国家人*委员会任命了一个由三名成员组成的委员会，同意村民提出的任何要求，这些要求最多可以用一定数额的资金来补偿。此外，国家高铁有限公司声称，公司已经注意到对医疗、饮酒、教育、卫生和生计等便利设施的各种需求。

与此同时，国家高铁有限公司正在对Godrej集团的方案进行技术评估，该集团说服孟买高等法院反对这项3.5公顷地块的拟议土地收购案，并在该地块附近提供了另一块土地。

译文来源：三泰虎 http://www.santaihu.com/49764.html 译者：Joyceliu

Shreyash Nadage, On the journey to explore the ethos of India and believe

Following are the Projects which the Department of High Speed Rail Corporation of India aims to accomplish.

Under the Diamond Quadrilateral Project following are the packages to be implemented:

a)Delhi-Mumbai (Package-I)