印度自力更生？对“印度制造”智能手机的现实审视

Atmanirbhar Bharat? Here's a reality check for Made in India smartphones

印度自力更生?以下对“印度制造”智能手机的现实审视

The reality check for Made-in-India smartphones, a major focus of official drive on ‘self-reliance’, is that value of components sourced abroad is around 85% of a device’s cost. And Indian manufacturing is either minimal or absent in high tech components like printed circuit boards, chipsets, display and camera modules. These are designed and made in or Taiwan. Manufacturing in India is limited only to assembly-test-mark-pack facilities. ET breaks down value addition in smartphones. We take a phone that costs Rs 10,000 to manufacture. Himanshi Lohchab reports.

印度国产智能手机是官方推动的“自力更生”行动的主要焦点之一，但现实是，从海外采购的零部件价值约占设备成本的85%。在印刷电路板、芯片组、显示器和相机模块等高科技部件方面，印度本土生产的要么很少，要么根本就没有生产。这些部件都是在大陆或台湾地区设计和制造的。印度本土仅限于组装、测试、包装。《印度经济时报》对智能手机的附加价值进行了分解。我们以制造成本为1万卢比的手机为例。

WHAT’S THE FUTURE?

未来会怎样?

Experts believe a selfsufficient manufacturing ecosystem will need at least a decade. That too, assuming billions of dollars investment in areas like semiconductors

专家们认为，印度至少需要10年才能打造一个自给自足的制造业生态系统，并且假设半导体等领域获得了数十亿美元的投资

India has launched two schemes, aside of the production-linked incentive programme, for component makers

除了与生产相关的激励计划，印度还针对零部件制造商推出了两项计划

But unless companies commit big capital and government gives generous incentives, this will remain a tough challenge

但除非企业投入大量资金，政府也提供慷慨的激励措施，否则这仍将是一项艰巨的挑战

Companies like Qualcomm, Mediatek, Samsung can transfer more research and design here

高通、联发科技和三星等公司把更多的研究和设计转移到印度

That will add more local value but will employ a few high skill people, as opposed to tens of thousands in fabrication plants

这将增加更多的本地价值，但需要雇佣一些高技能的人，而不是数以万计的组装工

印度经济时报读者的评论：

译文来源：三泰虎 https://www.santaihu.com/p/50565.html 译者：Jessica.Wu

Narasimhan Bangalore

Aatmanirbhar means not only in smart phones! I prefer to include defence related industries to strengthen India to face the covert and fellow travelers!

“自力更生”不仅仅是指智能手机行业!我认为更重要的是国防相关产业要实现自力更生，以加强印度对抗及其同伙的能力!

Lakshya Saini

It’s time for India to unleash its potential and manifest in front of the world.Its prerequisite for India to become Self Reliant (Atmanirbhar).Indians shall commence to impede the usage of products.

Jai Hind Vande Bharat.

印度是时候释放其潜力并在全世界面前展示了。这是印度实现自力更生的先决条件。印度应该开始禁用产品。

印度必胜！

Raj Tillan

unleash ??? fake belief India has technology base or high knowledge base . Mirage optics... coding is not technology it is glorified clerkship

释放潜力？不要误认为印度有技术基础或高级知识基础。这都是幻想，编码不是一种技术，只是一种好听的职业

Sasi Kumar

Himanshi Lohchab pls tell what is the solution for making quality phones in India in affordable price? you say that clean rooms, skilled man power and capital for that; we have got all of that then why this much time to start a plant?

请告诉我，在印度制造高质量手机的解决方案是什么?干净的厂房，熟练的人工和资本我们都有了，为什么要花这么多时间来办新厂呢?

anna dmk

Anyone willing to establish a factory for mobile, laptop, CUP component, I am willing to give my land for free having access to road, electricity, railway, transport, water, manpower, etc. is anyone ready? u need to bring capital, machines n manpower. and, once u r established and make a lot of money, pls. give me compensation for my land at ur own calculation so that I can use this money for funding another entrepreneur. I only want my country to be ATMA NIRBHAR.

谁想建手机、笔记本电话、CPU组件工厂？我愿意免费献出我的土地，水电齐全、交通方便，有人准备好办厂了吗?你需要自带资金，自备机器和人力。要是赚了钱，请按给我结算土地补偿款，这样我就可以用这笔钱来资助另一个企业家

我只希望我的国家实现自力更生。

bsrahmd

Indians are basically very street smart and very entrpernurial. They don't like to get their hands 'dirty' by actually doing the mundane work.They'd rather rope in all the factors of 'capital, land and labour' and get the work done with minimal effort for maxmum gain. Hence we see that they import and assemble , which by the way is cheaper than doing it indeginously. Maybe its time the mind -set is re-oriented and we become proud producers then assemblers.

印度人基本上都很聪明，很有创业天赋。他们不愿意做平凡的工作，不喜欢把自己的手“弄，他们宁愿把“资本、土地和劳动力”等所有因素都集中起来，以最小的努力完成工作，获得最大的收益。

因此，我们看到他们进口和组装，顺便说一下，这比自己生产便宜。也许是时候重新定位思维模式，让我们成为自豪的生产者，而不是组装者。

Rajiv B

Ofcourse, we will rise....but first setup the ecosystem...infrastructure...basic facilities of land, water, electricity, establishment, transport, raw materials...machinery...tools...equipment...local administration support and appreciation....

我们当然会崛起……但首先要建立生态系统，土地、水、电、设施、交通、原材料、机械、工具、设备等基础设施，还需要地方政府的支持…

Vipul Tiwari

PCBs were made in India in ITI MAnkapur. Only GOI has not supported that organization. Companies can start PCB production in India very quickly.

印度ITI MAnkapur曾生产印刷电路板，但印度政府不支持这家公司。如果需要，印度公司很快就能开始在本土生产印刷电路板。

Rajiv B

We still cannot do large scale production running in millions & billions of MULTI-LAYER PCBs...we do just 2 layer PCBs and at max 3 layer PCBs....more than 4 or the 6 in HIGH END SMARTPHONES...THIS KIND OF CUTTING EDGE...PRECISION ENGINEERING IS SEVERELY LACKING OR COMPLETELY ABSENT...THTS WHY FABRICATION AND MANUFACTURING ON LARGE SCALE IS A CHALLENGE WHICH WE CAN HARDLY OVERCOME...WE CANNOT MANUFACTURE THE SOCs, MICROPROCESSORS, GRAPHIC CONTROLLER , MEMORY CONTROLLER, RAM...ETC CHIPS...WHICH ARE THE MOST CRITICAL PART OF SEMICONDUCTOR FABRICATION....PLEASE OPEN YOUR EYES....ITS BEEN A LONG TIME WE ARE ASLEEP....

我们仍然不能大规模生产数百万甚至数十亿的多层印刷电路板…我们只会做两层的印刷电路板，最多三层…高端智能手机用的印度电路板都超过4层或6层…

印度严重缺乏或完全缺乏这种最前沿的精密工程……所以大规模制造是我们很难克服的一个挑战。

我们无法制造系统芯片、微处理器、图形控制器、内存控制器、RAM、芯片等等，这些是半导体制造中最关键的部分…请睁开眼睛吧，我们已经睡了很长时间了……

Shyam Sunder

It is time to start the manufacture of components for true aathma nirbharatha. Even if we are not in a position to export immediately, we will still have enough market within India for viability. Even more importantly, we will be able to develop our own skilled personnel in this field. It is time we start looking at the most basic level instead of being content with mere assembling. We must have this approach in all fields - Pharma, electronics, defense etc. where outside dependence can make us vulnerable during critical times. This may take a while to come to fruition and can even be expensive in the short run, but this cannot be an excuse for not starting this now. We are already decades late

是时候开始在本土制造组件了。即使我们不能立即出口，有本土市场仍足以生产。更重要的是，我们将能够在这一领域培养自己的技术人才。现在我们应该开始关注最基本的层面，而不是仅仅满足于组装。在制药、电子、国防等所有领域，我们都必须采用这种方法，因为在关键时期，对外国的依赖会让我们变得脆弱。这可能需要一段时间才能实现，甚至可能在短期内付出高昂的代价，但这不能成为不立马开始做的借口。我们已经晚了几十年了。

Akhilesh Bhuchar

Atamnirbhar, to me, means that, we, as a nation, collectively try to REDUCE dependence on imports ( or others) for meeting our requirements.

在我看来，“自力更生”意味着，我们作为一个国家，共同努力减少对来自或其他国家进口的依赖，不能靠进口来满足我们的需求

Rajesh T

At least give a decade or more to have true Atmanirbhar Bharat.. especially in electronics manufacturing.. This is all due to faulty government polices mostly attributed to UPA/Congress and partly to BJP (looks they are lost in economy)....

至少要过10年或更长的时间，印度才能实现自力更生，特别是在电子制造业…这都是由于政府政策失误，主要归咎于国大党，部分因为人民党(他们在经济中迷失了方向)。

Sanjeevi

people like Mukesh and other top industrialists should invest in their own way to enable make in India a reality

穆克什和其他顶尖实业家应该以自己的方式投资，让“印度制造”成为现实

Subbu India

No problem, we will buy at a higher price than buying Mobiles. Stop importing this product from .

没问题，我们愿意花更高的价格购买别的手机，不买手机。停止从进口手机。

Nathan Ron

Start Anyway. Confront problems head on. Bite the bullet now. Or it will be Never.

开始吧。直面问题，现在就咬紧牙关，否则永远无法实现自力更生。

Sushil Kumar

Why dont we think beyond Phone assembly? Let us use 's capability and do some high level stuff like IP design, Highly sophisticated SW development, New Technology etc.

为什么我们不考虑组装手机以外的东西呢?

我们可以做一些高水平的事情，比如IP设计，开发高度复杂的软件、新技术等等。

Abhineet Sudhendra

India has a HUGE market demand for smartphones, but that still does not make a difference in our capability to produce. We do not have the infrastructure, manufacturing set-ups, and the technical skills specific to producing components of a smartphone. and to be honest, every country need not be top manufacturer of everything (what's sad is that we are not at the top in manufacturing anything of significant import impact).

印度对智能手机有着巨大的市场需求，但这仍然没有提升我们的生产能力。我们没有生产智能手机组件的设施、制造设备和专业技术。老实说，每个国家都不需要成为所有产品的顶级制造商(可悲的是，在制造任何具有重大进口影响的产品方面，印度都没有名列前茅)。

Subbu India

Yes, we have the capability to produce quality phones. If it costs little more at the begng we should accept it.

我们有能力生产高质量的手机。如果一开始价格稍微高一点，我们也应该接受。

Abhineet Sudhendra

We have the potential, undoubtedly - just that 'currently' we do not have the capacity and capability. Yes, over time and if govt. pushes its willpower, that would help us utilize our manufacturing potential, boost employment and skill growth, and increase revenue. Truly hope this happens, but I don't see much happening in this area yet.

毫无疑问，我们有潜力——只是‘目前’我们没有这种能力。是的，随着时间的推移，如果政府坚持自己的意志，这将帮助我们发挥制造业潜力，促进就业和技能增长，并增加收入。我真心希望这能发生，但我还没看到这个领域发生什么改变。

Vedantham Sheshashar

I have to replace lithium battery of my laptop. I have searched on line and found that only Made in batteries are available !!!!

我得更换笔记本电脑的锂电池了。我上网搜了一下，发现只有制造的电池!!