Toyota says it won't expand further in India, blames 'we don’t want you' taxes

丰田表示不会在印度进一步扩张，指责其高税收制度

by Anurag Kotoky

Toyota Motor Corp. won’t expand further in India due to the country’s high taxa regime, a blow for Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who’s trying to lure global companies to offset the deep economic malaise brought on by the coronavirus pandemic.

由于印度实行高税收制度，丰田汽车公司将不会在印度进一步扩张，这对印度总理纳伦德拉•莫迪来说是一个打击。莫迪正试图吸引全球企业，以缓解新冠疫情导致的严重经济低迷。

The government keeps taxes on cars and motorbikes so high that companies find it hard to build scale, said Shekar Viswanathan, vice chairman of Toyota’s local unit, Toyota Kirloskar Motor. The high levies also put owning a car out of reach of many consumers, meaning factories are idled and jobs aren’t created, he said.

丰田汽车印度子公司的副董事长谢卡尔•维斯瓦纳坦说，政府对汽车和摩托车的征收的税额如此之高，以至于企业很难建立规模。他说，高额税收也使许多消费者买不起车，销量会随之下降，这意味着工厂闲置，无法为当地创造就业机会。

“The message we are getting, after we have come here and invested money, is that we don’t want you,” Viswanathan said in an interview. In the absence of any reforms, “we won’t ext India, but we won’t scale up.”

维斯瓦纳坦在一次采访中说:“在我们来到这里投资之后，我们收到的信息是，“印度不需要你”，在没有任何改革的情况下，我们不会退出印度，但也不会扩大规模。”

Toyota, one of the world’s biggest carmakers, began operating in India in 1997. Its local unit is owned 89% by the Japanese company and has a small market share -- just 2.6% in August versus almost 5% a year earlier, Federation of Automobile Dealers Associations data show.

丰田是世界上最大的汽车制造商之一，1997年开始在印度运营。日本汽车经销商协会联合会的数据显示，日本母公司在印度子公司的持股比例为89%，印度子公司在当地所占的市场份额很小，8月份仅为2.6%，上年同期为近5%。

In India, motor vehicles including cars, two-wheelers and sports utility vehicles (although not electric vehicles), attract taxes as high as 28%. On top of that there can be additional levies, ranging from 1% to as much as 22%, based on a car’s type, length or engine size. The tax on a four-meter long SUV with an engine capacity of more than 1500 cc works out to be as high as 50%.

在印度，机动车辆税率（包括汽车、摩托车以及多功能运动车）目前已经高达高达28%。除此之外，根据汽车的类型、长度或发动机大小，还会征收从1%到22%不等的额外税费。一辆4米长、发动机排量超过1500cc的SUV，税率将高达50%。

The additional levies are typically imposed on what are considered to be “luxury” goods. As well as cars, in India that can include cigarettes and sparkling water.

税率较高的通常是那些被认为是“奢侈品”的商品，在印度，除了汽车，还包括香烟和苏打水。

India is planning to offer incentives worth $23 billion to attract firms to set up manufacturing, people familiar with the matter said last week, including production-linked breaks for automakers. International automakers have struggled to expand in the world’s fourth-biggest car market.

知情人士上周称，印度计划提供价值230亿美元的激励措施，以吸引企业在印度建厂，其中包括为汽车制造商提供与产量相关的优惠。国际汽车制造商一直难以在印度这个全球第四大汽车市场扩张。

General Motors Co. quit the country in 2017 while Ford Motor Co. agreed last year to move most of its assets in India into a joint venture with Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. after struggling for more than two decades to win over buyers. That effectively ended independent operations in a country Ford had once said it wanted to be one of its top three markets by 2020.

通用汽车公司于2017年退出了印度，福特汽车公司在苦苦争取买家20多年后，于去年同意将其在印度的大部分资产转移到与马恒达的合资企业中。这实际上结束了福特在印度的独立运营。福特曾表示，希望到2020年，印度能成为福特的三大市场之一。

Such punitive taxes discourage foreign investment, erode automakers’ margins and make the cost of launching new products “prohibitive,” Viswanathan said.

维斯瓦纳坦说，这种惩罚性的税收挫伤了外国投资，侵蚀了汽车制造商的利润，使推出新产品的成本高得“令人望而却步”。

“You’d think the auto sector is making drugs or liquor,” he said. Toyota, which also has an alliance with Suzuki Motor Corp. to sell some of Suzuki’s compact cars under its own brand, is currently utilizing just about 20% of its capacity in a second plant in India.

他说:“你可能会认为汽车行业是在生产药品或酒。”丰田还与铃木汽车公司结盟，出售铃木品牌的部分紧凑型汽车。目前，丰田在印度的第二家工厂仅使用了约20%的产能。

Taxes on electric vehicles, currently 5%, will probably also go up once sales increase, Viswanathan said, referring to what he says has become a pattern with successive governments in India.

维斯瓦纳坦说，电动汽车的税率目前为5%，一旦销量增加，可能也会上调。他说，印度历届政府都有这样的惯例。

While discussions are ongoing between ministries for a reduction in taxes, there may not any immediate agreement on an actual cut, India’s Heavy Industries Minister Prakash Javadekar said earlier this month.

印度重工业部长普拉卡什•雅瓦德卡尔本月早些时候表示，尽管各部委正在就减税进行讨论，但可能不会立即就实际减税达成一致意见。

印度经济时报读者的评论：

译文来源：三泰虎 http://www.santaihu.com/p/50825.html   译者：Jessica.Wu

TRUTH TELLER

What Toyata needs to understand is their models are not in the middle class buy category cars. Can be classified as luxury cars. So tax will be high. In India only 2.5% of population pays taxes . The rest 97.5% live on it. Particularly about 70% of the poor live on freebies like free ration etc.. So India is a different country unlike Japan or USA.

丰田需要明白的是，他们的车型并不在中产阶级购买的车型之列，可以归类为豪华车，因此税率会很高。在印度，只有2.5%的人口纳税，剩下97.5%的人靠这2.5%的人纳的税过活，大约70%的穷人靠免费配给过活。印度的情况与日本或美国截然不同。

Karthik

In , the government reduces the tax to attract foreign capital to improve the economy.In India, the Government always think about themselves(riches and politicians)..

在，政府通过降低税率吸引外资，促进经济发展。在印度，政府总是想着他们自己(政客和富人)…

SaBen

Toyota is too big to be flexble to manufacture cars to the requirement of Indians, they are same like American car companies who have failed to make an impact in Indian market. Let them pack off we will have our own desi companies to take care of our needs. Be Indian buy Indian.

丰田不能按照印度人的要求生产汽车，他们就像美国汽车公司一样，在印度市场没有产生影响。让他们打包走人吧，本土公司可以满足我们的需要。做印度人，买印度货。

Lsk Kumar

The 28% GST on cars is a dampne.Government should bring down the tax structure and make cars affordable for the masses. This will definitely boost car sales and improve the overall economy and the recovery. Increased car sales are an indicator of a fast growing economy.

汽车消费税率高达28%，印度政府应该降低税率，让大众买得起车。这肯定会促进汽车销售，刺激经济复苏，改善整体经济。汽车销量的增加是经济快速增长的一个指标。

Chandra

Indian indutry is living in 1900. Only in 1900 were cars considered a luxury.

While it is right to have standard taxes of 20-30%. This is time for india to build strong partnership with US, Europe and Japan and the tax should be capped at 25% - all inclusive. India should encourage healthy competition with foreign countries otherwise you will get Kerosene "made in India" cars.

印度工业还停留在1900年，只是在1900年，汽车才被认为是奢侈品。标准税率为20-30%。

印度是时候与美国、欧洲和日本建立强有力的伙伴关系了，税率应该限制在25%以内。

印度应该鼓励与外国的良性竞争，否则我们只能买得起“印度制造”的煤油汽车。

Vijay Kumar

Agree with Toyota on taxes here.

同意丰田在税收问题上的立场。

Iyer K.R

Tax Terrorism ...no wonder all investors are flocking to Vietnam & Thailand

税收恐怖主义……难怪所有投资者都涌向越南和泰国

Sunil Nayak

What a joke, when taxes are reducing,

真是个笑话，已经在减税了

Love Science

Toyoto did not bring its good models in Indian markets. Their business model in India is flawed.

丰田并没有把它的好车型带到印度市场。他们在印度的商业模式存在缺陷。

vaddapalli sreeram

It is like killing a Golden goose.How can they attract New foreign investments, Which they need badly.

这就像宰了一只下金蛋的鹅。印度要怎样才能吸引急需的新的外国投资呢?

Atulya Vivek

BYE BYE TOYOTA. GOOD FOR SUZUKI, HYUNDAI, TATA, KIA, ETC....

拜拜了丰田。对铃木、现代、塔塔、起亚等来说，这是好事……

Varadan Atur

If only a few can afford a car, as the article itself acknowledges, then why the fuss ? Focus on domestic needs and infrastructure.

如果正如文章本身所承认的那样，只有少数人买得起车，那么为什么要大惊小怪呢?

要关注国内需求和基础设施。

Neelakant Patel

The main issue is not enough people are paying taxes. So governments are left with no option but to milk the easy to catch taxpayers. Salaried and big industries can't escape so they are taxed heavily. I think Indian society gives too much respect to people who get away from paying taxes. They are considered smart!! And there lies the problem. Government has to catch the tax evaders, punish them heavily and shame them ; that is the only way forward.

主要的问题是纳税的人不够多。因此，印度政府别无选择，只能对容易抓住的纳税人多征税。

工薪阶层和大型企业无法逃税，因此他们被课以重税。

我认为印度社会太尊重那些逃税的人了，还觉得他们很聪明!

这就是问题所在。印度政府必须抓住逃税者，严惩他们，羞辱他们;

这是前进的唯一道路。

Chandra

India can never progress unless it manages to collect tax from 50% of people and business. A lot of our infrastructure is even worse than poor African countries.

除非设法向50%的民众和企业征税，否则印度永远无法进步。我们的很多基础设施甚至比贫穷的非洲国家还要糟糕。

hari krishna Johri

The post of Income Tax Officer is very lucrative in India.

在印度，所得税官员是个肥差。

Jaspinder Singh

Modi govt's policies are destroying India. Forget foreign investors due to exorbitant taxes.

莫迪政府的政策正在摧毁印度。税率太高了，别指望外国投资者来投钱了。

Ramesh K

India is country of beggars, here Car is considered as luxury, Even Maruti 800 has so many taxes:

1. Cars has minimum 28% GST, more for imported one.
2. Car has registration and road tax.
3. One liter petrol has 150% taxes.
4. Toll Rs 3 per KM.

印度是乞丐之国，在这里汽车被视为奢侈品，就连马鲁蒂800的税率都那么高:

1. 汽车消费税最低为28%，进口汽车更高。
2. 汽车要交注册税和公路税。

3.一升汽油要交150%的税。

4. 通行费每公里3卢比。