印度人的人均预期寿命是多少岁

State, area and gender key to life expectancy, shows data

数据显示，所处的邦、地区和性别对印度人预期寿命至关重要

NEW DELHI: How long can an Indian expect to live on average? The answer varies very widely depending on where you live — which state and rural or urban area — and what your gender is. The average rural male in Chhattisgarh will live less than 63 years while the average urban female in Himachal Pradesh can hope to make it to nearly 81, a difference of 18 years.

新德里：印度人的平均寿命是多少? 答案因人而异，这取决于你住在哪个邦、农村还是城市以及你的性别。恰蒂斯加尔邦农村男性的平均寿命将不到63岁，而喜马偕尔邦城市女性的平均寿命有望达到近81岁，两者相差18岁。

India’s overall life expectancy at birth has gone up from 49.7 in 1970-75 to 69.4 by 2014-18, according to the latest Sample Registration System (SRS) life tables put out by the Census and Registrar General’s office. While the annual increase in life expectancy was 2-3 years between 1970 and 1990, the improvement has been a mere 0.4 years annually in the last decade.

印度人口普查局发布的最新样本登记系统(SRS)生命表显示，印度人出生时的总体预期寿命已从1970-1975年的49.7岁上升到2014-2018年的69.4岁。1970年至1990年，平均寿命每年增加2-3岁，而在过去10年里，平均寿命每年只增加了0.4岁。

An Indian’s life expectancy jumps by almost 3 years if s/he survives the first year of life, indicating just how much infant mortality is affecting the country’s life expectancy. Most Indians can expect to live more than 70 years if they survive the first year of life, except those in Chhattisgarh, Assam and Uttar Pradesh, where the average person who survives the first year lives till below 70.

如果一名印度人活过一岁，其预期寿命就会增加近3年，这表明婴儿死亡率对预期寿命的影响有多大。大多数印度人如果能活过第一年，预计可以活到70岁以上，除了生活在恰蒂斯加尔邦、阿萨姆邦和北方邦的人，在这几个邦，活过第一年的人平均能活到70岁以下。

The states where life expectancy goes up by more than three years if you survive the first year are also those with the highest infant mortality. In Uttar Pradesh, with the second highest infant mortality rate of 43, life expectancy jumps the highest, by 4.4 years, on completion of the first year. In Madhya Pradesh with the highest IMR of 48, a person surviving the first year after birth sees life expectancy increasing by 3.7 years.

活过第一年且预期寿命增加三年以上的邦，也是婴儿死亡率最高的邦。北方邦的婴儿死亡率位居第二，为43%，活过第一年，预期寿命跃升4.4年，达到最高水平。中央邦的死亡率最高，为48%，出生后第一年存活下来的人预期寿命可增加3.7年。

At the other end of the age spectrum, in almost all states those who survive up to 70 years are likely to live beyond 80 years. But in Bihar and Chhattisgarh, life expectancy at 70 remains below another 10 years for both men and women.

在几乎所有的邦，活到70岁的人很可能活到80岁以上。但在比哈尔邦和恰蒂斯加尔邦，活过70岁的男性和女性的预期寿命都低于80。

Urban women have the highest life expectancy in India and in every state barring Kerala and Uttarakhand, where rural women live longer than their urban sisters though not by much. The 70-year-olds who are likely to live the longest are urban women in Jammu and Kashmir (86.2) followed by Punjab (85.4) and Himachal Pradesh (85.2).

在印度，除了喀拉拉邦和北阿坎德邦，城市女性的预期寿命是最高的，但农村女性比城市女性的寿命要长，虽然差距不大。在70岁以上人口中，寿命最长的可能是查谟和克什米尔地区的城市女性(86.2)，其次是旁遮普邦(85.4)和喜马偕尔邦(85.2)。

Interestingly, within the same state, there could be a huge gap in life expectancy. In Himachal, for instance, urban women on average live 80.6 years, which is 11.4 years more than rural men, who on average live till 69.2. Large intra-state gaps of about nine to 10 years are also seen between rural men and urban women in Assam and in Jammu and Kashmir.

有趣的是，在同一个邦，预期寿命可能会有巨大差距。例如，在喜马偕尔，城市女性的平均寿命为80.6岁，比农村男性的平均寿命（69.2岁）高出11.4岁。在阿萨姆邦以及查谟和克什米尔，农村男性和城市女性的平均寿命也存在约9-10年的巨大差距。

In general, both globally and in India, women have higher life expectancy than men. But that’s not true in Bihar and Jharkhand, whether in rural or urban areas. The gap between the life expectancy of men and women is narrowest in Uttar Pradesh (less than one year) followed by Assam and West Bengal, where the gap is less than two years. The gap is highest in Himachal Pradesh, where women can expect to live over seven years more than men, followed by Uttarakhand and Kerala where they can live 6.4 and 5.4 years more than men.

总体而言，无论是在全球还是在印度，女性的预期寿命都高于男性。但在比哈尔邦和恰尔肯德邦，无论是在农村还是城市地区，情况并非如此。印度北方邦的男女预期寿命差距最小(不到一年)，其次是阿萨姆邦和西孟加拉邦，差距不到两年。喜马偕尔邦的男女预期寿命差距最大，那里的女性有望比男性多活7年以上，其次是北阿坎德邦和喀拉拉邦，这两个邦的女性分别能比男性多活6.4年和5.4年。

Japan, with the highest life expectancy at birth (among large countries) of 84.5 reached India’s current level of life expectancy in 1960, or 60 years ago, and reached this level in 1990 and is now at 76.7 years. What is even more sobering is the fact that Bangladesh and Nepal, which had lower life expectancy than India in 1980, have now pulled ahead with 72.1 and 70.5 respectively, according to the UN’s Human Development Report, 2019. Pakistan alone has a lower life expectancy of 67.1 in the region.

日本人出生时的预期寿命最高，为84.5岁，在1960年即60年前达到了印度目前的预期寿命水平，而在1990年达到了这一水平，目前为76.7岁。更令人警醒的是，根据联合国《2019年人类发展报告》，孟加拉国和尼泊尔的预期寿命在1980年低于印度，现在已经分别以72.1岁和70.5岁领先。在该地区，仅巴基斯坦人的预期寿命就较低，为67.1岁。

印度时报读者的评论：译者：Jessica.Wu

JAC Chira

DELHI AND KERALA HAS HIGH OR BETTER MEDICAL INFRASTRUCTURE, LIVING STANDARDS AND EDUCATION WHICH IS THE KEY FACTORS WHICH HAS DIRECT BENIFITS TO LIFE EXPECTANCY.

德里和喀拉拉邦有更好的医疗基础设施、更高的生活水平和教育质量，这些是能直接影响预期寿命的关键因素。

Patriot

Bimaru states again pulling india down . Hope they elect someone who gives them some education instead of statues

比哈尔邦、中央邦、拉贾斯坦邦、北方邦又拖印度的后腿。希望他们选举出一个人能给他们一些教育的领导人，而不是只会造雕像的领导人

Sameer S

India is overpopulated country so it is better to have lower lifespan. India should legalize euthanasia for elderly people. Several European countries such as Switzerland and Belgium have legalized doctor assisted euthanasia for the elderly, disabled, terminally ill, and in some cases, even just severely depressed people. ~

印度是一个人口过剩的国家，所以最好能降低寿命。印度应该让老年人安乐死合法化。一些欧洲国家，如瑞士和比利时，已经将医生协助对老年人、残疾人、绝症患者，甚至患严重抑郁的人实施安乐死合法化。

WB New

Marriages and breeding should be made as per affordability

婚姻和生育应该根据经济能力来决定。

Sameer S

The fertility rate of Hindu households in India fell from 2.6 in the last survey in 2005-06 to 2.1, the level at which a population is said to be able to replace itself from generation to generation without migration. ~

印度教家庭的生育率从2005年至2006年的2.6下降到2.1，据说在这个水平上，人口能够在不迁移的情况下一代一代地自我替换。~

Madan Mohan Siddhanthi

Increased life expectency is a huge curse in India

在印度，预期寿命延长是一个大诅咒

Bonny Moraes

They is a saying : your life expectancy depends on what your parents ate and what you eat. That was then. Today, increase in our life’s expectancy is because of discoveries in medical science.

在以前，你的寿命取决于你父母吃什么和你吃什么。如今，预期寿命的延长得益于医学科学的发现。

drvikramwagh Wagh

Again BI-MA-R-U.... States pulling India down. poor governance. Irresponsible and unaccountable administrators.

比哈尔邦、中央邦、拉贾斯坦邦、北方邦再次拖印度的后腿。治理不善，行政人员不负责任。

viru

So life expectancy was lower before alopathy became mainstream healthcare choice? I thought Ayurveda had answer to everything!

所以在对抗疗法成为主流医疗选择之前，预期寿命较低?我以为阿育吠陀是一切问题的答案!

Mohinder Bhambri

Wah wah wah wah

哇哇哇

Avik Dasgupta

Delhi one of most polluted cities of India cant have highest life expectancy. It is wrong data.