瓜达尔港能从印度的蒙德拉港学到什么

What Gwadar can learn from India’s Mundra port

瓜达尔港能从印度的蒙德拉港学到什么？

Located on the northern shores of the Gulf of Kutch, the Mundra Port is the largest private port in India. Handling almost 150 million tons a year, the port began operations in 1998 and is operated by Adani Ports & SEZ Limited, whose CEO is Karan Adani.

蒙德拉港位于喀奇湾北岸，是印度最大的私人港口。该港口于1998年开始运营，年吞吐能力近1.5亿吨，由阿达尼港口和经济特区有限公司运营，其CEO是卡兰·阿达尼。

Karan is the son of Gautam Adani, one of the world’s richest men whose net worth is estimated to be almost $140 billion. Mundra’s rise and the strategy followed by Indian policymakers, especially Narendra Modi, first as Chief Minister of Gujarat and then as Prime Minister of India, offers many lessons to Pakistani policymakers seeking to realise the full potential of the Gwadar Port.

卡兰是高塔姆·阿达尼的儿子，阿达尼是世界上最富有的人之一，其净资产估计接近1400亿美元。

蒙德拉港的崛起以及印度决策者所遵循的战略，特别是纳伦德拉·莫迪，他先是担任古吉拉特邦首席部长，后来又担任印度总理，为寻求充分发挥瓜达尔港潜力的巴基斯坦决策者提供了许多经验教训。

The modern era for the Mundra port dates back to 1994 when the Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB) gave an approval for a captive jetty. Four years later in 1998, the first terminal began operations under the Gujarat Adani Port Limited and by the end of 1999, there were multi-purpose berths operating at the port. Recognising the economic importance of this facility, a private railway line was completed in 2001 and by the end of 2002, this line was fully integrated with Indian Railways, allowing efficient transportation of cargo to and from the port across India.

蒙德拉港的现代时代可以追溯到1994年，当时古吉拉特邦海事委员会(GMB)批准了一个受垄断码头。

四年后的1998年，第一个码头在古吉拉特邦阿达尼港口有限公司的管理下开始运营，到1999年底，港口有了多用途泊位。

认识到这一设施的经济重要性，在2001年建成了一条私人铁路线，到2002年底，这条铁路线与印度铁路完全集成，可在印度各地有效地运输货物进出港口。

What began as a facility handling commodity cargo — the port was handling crude oil by 2002 — became a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) by 2003.

这个港口最初只是一个处理大宗商品的设施——到2002年开始处理原油——到2003年成为经济特区(SEZ)

This SEZ was part of a broader strategy to attract investment into the state of Gujarat through consistent policies favouring domestic and foreign investors. A flagship annual event, titled Vibrant Gujarat, was organised starting in 2003 (it continued until 2019) where prospective investors, policymakers, and other business leaders explored investment opportunities in the state.

这个经济特区是一项更广泛战略的一部分，该战略旨在通过一贯支持国内外投资者的政策，吸引投资进入古吉拉特邦。一项名为活力古吉拉特邦的旗舰年度活动始于2003年(一直持续到2019年)，让潜在的投资者、政策制定者和其他商业领袖在该邦探索投资机会。

The port’s growth soon led to the development of a second terminal, increased supply of power through an agreement with Tata Power, and growth in bulk cargo that was handled by the port and in 2008, the port began handling automobile exports through an agreement with Maruti Suzuki.

该港口的增长很快带动了第二个码头的建设，通过与塔塔电力的协议增加了电力供应，由该港口处理的散装货物增长，并在2008年与马鲁蒂铃木签订协议，开始处理汽车出口。

By 2007, less than a decade after operations began, Mundra Port and Special Economic Zone Limited (MPSEZ) offered equity shares to the Indian public. The shares were offered at about Rs100 per share and the offering was oversubscribed by 116 times. Today, the entity is the largest private port operator in India with 13 ports in the country, representing almost 25 per cent of the country’s port capacity — the company also recently acquired Haifa Port in Israel for $1.18 billion.

到2007年，开业不到10年，蒙德拉港和经济特区有限公司(MPSEZ)向印度公众发行了股票。该股发行价约为每股100卢比，获得了116倍的超额认购。

如今，该公司是印度最大的私人港口运营商，在该国拥有13个港口，占该国港口吞吐量的近25%——该公司最近还以11.8亿美元收购了以色列的海法港。

The Mundra Port now has almost two dozen warehouses with a combined storage capacity of 137,000 square meters. These facilities store wheat, rice, fertiliser, and other commodities. The port also has wheat-cleaning and rice-sorting facilities, with a cumulative capacity to handle over 1,700 tons of wheat and rice a day. It is also the world’s largest coal importing terminal with a capacity to handle over 40 million tons of coal a year. These coal imports are critical not only for India’s energy sector but also for Adani, which operates coal mines in places like Australia and owns coal power plants in India.

蒙德拉港目前拥有近24个仓库，总存储容量达13.7万平方米。这些设施储存小麦、大米、化肥和其他商品。此外，该港还拥有小麦清洗和大米分拣设施，每天累计可处理1700吨以上的小麦和大米。

它也是世界上最大的煤炭进口码头，每年处理能力超过4000万吨煤炭。

这些煤炭进口不仅对印度能源部门至关重要，对在澳大利亚等地经营煤矿并在印度拥有燃煤电厂的阿达尼公司也至关重要。

巴基斯坦黎明报读者的评论：译者：Jessica.Wu

Jigen.m19

Gwadar is the personal property of some neutrals. All money is siphoned off to businesses in the USA. Europe and UAE.

瓜达尔港是一些中立者的私产。所有的钱都被美国、欧洲和阿联酋的企业抽走了。

Dr. Salaria, Aamir Ahmad

Joke of the century.

世纪笑话

Emad

Bangladesh offers Chittagong Sea Port for use by India. India happily accepts the offer.

孟加拉国提供吉大港供印度使用，印度欣然接受了这一提议。

TimeToMovveOn

There is no possibility of Pakistan's Gwadar port every delivering on its promises. It will be a white elephant.

巴基斯坦的瓜达尔港不可能完全兑现承诺。这是一个无用工程。

Zynn

Unlike Mundra port,Gwadar was never planned for economic activity..but a strategic defense base of China..so comparison is not apt

与蒙德拉港不同，瓜达尔港从来不是为经济活动而规划的，而是中国的战略防御基地，所以不适合进行比较

Mr Shaking Sweating

If Pakistan had learned from India, it wouldn't be in the mess it is in at 75

如果巴基斯坦向印度学习了，它就不会在独立75周年时陷入困境

Raj - USA

Pakistan follows the strategy of Hambantota Port of Sri Lanka and China is the common factor in both.

巴基斯坦遵循斯里兰卡的汉班托塔港战略，中国是二者的共同因素。

IK willbeback

Forget Mundra port, Gwadar is not able to compete with even the Chabahar port in Iran which was developed with Indian collaboration.

忘了蒙德拉港吧，瓜达尔港甚至竞争不过伊朗与印度合作开发的恰巴哈尔港。

Gautom

The biggest difference is that while Munda was financed by India, Gwadar port is financed by China. Development is dictated according to the needs of the investing entity.

最大的区别是，蒙达港由印度出资，瓜达尔港由中国出资。建设是根据投资实体的需要而定的。

Dr Atam Vetta

The main difference between Gwadar & Mudra is that the former is for the benefit of China with the exclusion of the locals whereas the later provides jobs and other benefits to locals. Unless Gwadar is controlled by the provincial Govt. it will never be successful.

瓜达尔港和蒙德拉港之间的主要区别在于，前者是为了中国的利益，排斥当地人，而后者为当地人提供了就业机会和其他福利。除非瓜达尔由省政府控制，否则它永远不会成功。

Sartaj

Mundra: Port of the century!

蒙德拉：世纪港口!

Multani

China virtually has control of Gwadar and its strategy will be based of their requirements, not ours

中国实际上控制了瓜达尔港，其战略将基于他们的要求，而不是我们的需求

Multani

Our nation needs a strong leader like IK to bring political stability, provide long term planning and growth in economy, infrastructure, education and health , have excellent relations with the Islamic world and really put Pakistan on its feet as a strong nuclear power.

我们国家需要伊姆兰·汗这样强大的领导人来带来政治稳定，在经济、基础设施、教育和卫生方面进行长期规划，带来增长，与ysl世界保持良好关系，真正让巴基斯坦成为一个强大的核大国。

bhaRAT©

Lets face the reality. There is no comparison between India and Pakistan any more. They are now on two different levels. One is surviving on loans and the other is extending loans to countries like Sri Lanka. Best to focus on how to improve and stop the comparison.

面对现实吧，印度和巴基斯坦之间已经没有可比性了。他们现在处于两个不同的层次上。一个是靠贷款生存，另一个是向斯里兰卡等国提供贷款。最好把注意力集中在如何改进上，停止比较吧。

Liaqat

IF pakistan govt follow MundrA port type polcy and facilitzye local citizen certainly it can be very beneficial for all country in 10 to 15 years with stabilized politics system.

如果巴基斯坦政府遵循蒙德拉港式的政策，为当地公民提供便利，那么在稳定的政治体系下，在10到15年内对所有国家都是有益的。

Dr. JohnnieWalker

No comparison here.

没有可比性。

Aimal

There are lots of lessons for Pakistan from India's growth story, if Pakistan cares to learn.

如果巴基斯坦愿意学习的话，可以从印度的增长故事中吸取很多经验教训。

Light at the end of the tunnel

There are excellent ports being run all over the world. I don't think nepotism is an example to follow.

世界各地都有出色的港口在运营。我认为裙带关系并非是一个值得效仿的例子。

Aisha Zahid

Isn't gwadar under 40 year lease to China?