Why some MNCs are pulling out of India

跨国企业为何纷纷撤离印度市场

MUMBAI: Holcim. Ford. Cairn. Daiichi Sankyo. And now Metro. These are some of the big names that have either moved out of India or have downsized their operations in the last decade. Heightened local competition, shifting global market priorities, new business models, accumulated losses, among other factors are some of the reasons why some MNCs pulled out from India.

German wholesaler Metro, which had entered India 19 years ago with big hopes, and is now selling its local business to Reliance Industries, said: "The Indian market has been undergoing an intensive transformation for several years, characterised by consolidation in trade and increasing digitalisation in wholesale as well. In order to keep pace with this dynamic development and to further drive the company's growth, significant investments would be necessary."

"We have chosen an alternative that opens a new chapter for Metro India. Metro is divesting Metro India to a strong partner who will be able to give the Indian business long-term economic and technological prospects," said its global CEO Steffen Greubel in a communique to employees.

The dynamics in India's various sectors are changing with homegrown players having a dominant presence and MNCs' having a reduced play. For example: the consumer mobile services business and cement industry. After Swiss major Holcim sold its India cement units to Adani, the top players in the sector are domestic companies.

孟买：豪瑞、福特、卡恩、第一制药，加上最近的麦德龙，这些都是十年内撤出印度或缩小业务规模的知名跨国企业。当地竞争加剧、全球市场重心转移、商业模式不断更迭、长期亏损等因素都是这些跨国公司撤出印度的部分原因。

19年前德国批发商麦德龙满怀希望地进入印度，现在正将其在印度的业务出售给信实工业。麦德龙表示:“印度市场几年来一直在经历密集转型，贸易集中化和批发电子化程度不断提高。为了跟上这个趋势，进一步推动公司的增长，必须进行大量投资。”

“我们决定选择另一个方案，为印度麦德龙公司开启新的篇章。麦德龙正将印度麦德龙出售给一个强大的合作伙伴，这个合作伙伴能为印度麦德龙提供长期的经济和技术发展前景。”麦德龙全球首席执行官史蒂芬格鲁贝尔在给员工的公开信中说。

印度各个行业都在发生巨变，本土企业占据了主导地位，跨国公司的影响力日益减弱。例如:消费者移动服务业务和水泥行业。在瑞士巨头豪瑞将其印度水泥部门出售给阿达尼后，水泥行业的第一梯队品牌已经全都是印度的本土企业了。

以下是印度时报读者的评论：

• 10 hours ago

When will other MNC like Amazon leave India and Indian B2C companies come forward ?

像亚马逊这样的跨国公司什么时候会离开印度呢，印度B2C公司要到什么时候会出现?

Anil Joshi • 11 hours ago

Good that Metro is leaving India..They had limited choice in some of the segments. Quality of some of the consumables were,of inferior quality. Product sold are available at cheaper price in local stores. They had too much of overheads mainly rentals, employees etc.

麦德龙撤出印度，是好事，他们有些商品的选择有限。有些消耗品的质量不高。本地商店的产品价格更便宜。他们的日常管理费用很高，主要是租金，员工工资等。

Raj Sharlan • Gujarat • 13 hours ago

MNC enter when margins are are high the moment margins shirk due to intense competition.

跨国公司在利润率很高的时候进入印度，因为激烈的竞争导致利润率下降。

• 19 hours ago

Most of the MMC's in india exploit their employees by making them work for 18 hours and pay them less....so it's better that they leave.

印度的大多数跨国公司都压榨他们的员工，让他们工作18个小时，工资也很低....所以他们最好赶紧滚蛋。

• 21 hours ago

they are pulling out because their haramkori ghoos under the table is becoming tougher by the day and they made the biggest mistake of trying to destroy small time business trader's. it has backfired because we will always support local business not these pathetic MNCs,so get lost you greedy morons

他们之所以撤出，是因为他们的内幕交易越来越难开战，他们的最大错误是试图击垮小商小贩们的生意。但他们事与愿违，因为我们印度人永远支持本土企业，所以你们这些贪婪的白痴赶紧滚吧。

Prem Thakkar • Mumbai • 22 hours ago

No need to panic just by reading the Headline.. this is normal.. Better that local players perform better than these International MNCs I would be happy if Reliance, Adani are performing better than Carrefour and Metro.. atleast they are Indians..

没必要一看标题就发慌。这种事很正常。如果信实、阿达尼的表现比家乐福和麦德龙更出色，我高兴都来不及。至少他们是印度的企业。

Parrot Iodine • 22 hours ago

Is it because of bribes, & competition from politically influential rich Indian businessmen?

是因为贿赂的潜规则和斗不过有政治影响力的印度富商吗？

• 23 hours ago

Only MNCs are leaving India?

撤出印度的只有跨国企业吗？

User SUNDARARAMAN SRINIVASAN • Unknown • 23 hours ago

BJP has displayed unwritten tacit humongous support to gigantic cronies here --- corrupt inept political systems red-tapes --- unethical competition by cronies ---- are known facts since years

人民党总是心照不宣地支持亲信——腐败无能的政治制度、繁文缛节——亲信的不公竞争——都是明摆着的事实

Bangara • Bangalore • 23 hours ago

I started visiting Metro the day it started operations but stopped going there about five years ago. Reason? - MORE, STAR and many smaller retail and wholesale markets opened nearby. It was anticipated that METRO cannot sustain its business in India anymore and it has become true.  

麦德龙开业那天我就去购物了，但五年前就不再去麦德龙了。原因就是- MORE、STAR和许多小一点的零售和批发市场在我家附近开店了。人们早就在传麦德龙无力维持在印度的门店，现在看果然如此。

Bangara • Bangalore • 23 hours ago

Today in every nook and corner, there are smaller outlets where it is easier to buy things. Further, online procurement and home delivery of necessary items must have adversely affected METRO.

现在印度人不论到哪儿，都有方便的小店可以购物。在线购物和送货上门肯定对麦德龙产生了很大的冲击。

Kumar • Tamil nadu • 1 day ago

Priority shall be given to India and Indian companies

我们要把印度和印度公司的利益放在第一位。

Ravi Kirran Kirran • Bangalore • 1 day ago

Dont Dig Graves, Build Castles. Write about how MNC's are using Make in India PLI and creating jobs and making India an export hub.  

别只列黯然退出印度的跨国企业，写一写跨国公司如何利用印度制造，如何创造就业机会，如何让印度成为全球出口中心吧。

• 21 hours ago

The Country is progressing slowly in the right direction after 7 decades of mismanagement..

在无能政府领导下浪费了70年的时间后，印度终于开始朝着正确的方向缓慢前进了。

Jhansey Ka Raja • Delhi • 1 day ago

Mitroooon, this is an international conspiracy by leftists countries to defame me. I have made India the most preferred destination for investment and manufacturing yet these MNCs are pulling out.

麦德龙是左派的国际阴谋。印度已成为投资和制造业的首选目的地，所以这些跨国公司开始撤出印度。

Ganesh • Coimbatore • 1 day ago

MNCS always underestimate Indians & the market, like Ford for that matter brought all outdated models to India and expected to take huge profit out of the country, but miserably failed to create a market for itself in India. The US MNCS are always hesitant to bring in their latest technology but will always try to exploit the market with their inefficient models.  

跨国公司总是低估印度人和印度市场，就像福特，他们把过时的车型带到印度，想从这个国家捞取巨额利润，但不幸的是，他们没能在印度打开销售市场。美国跨国公司不想引进最新技术，总想用淘汰品来开拓市场。

• 1 day ago

Main reason is our local industries are learning their business models, market needs and then jum into the mix making substandard products under India's very own cheap price bracket which makes them to acheive more sales and market share.

主要原因是我们的本土企业学习他们的商业模式和市场需求，然后以廉价的价格生产不合格的产品，这使得他们攫取了更多的销售和市场份额。

Suvle Seeker • Haiti • 1 day ago

These are not all top tier companies. Second their foolish expectations is that they need to make the kind of margins they make in high-income/high-cost countries. Japanese and German companies tend to be the worst. Ford exted Australia a while ago and recently Toyota called it quits. Opportunity for India but do the bania run companies have what it takes to make, sell, and capture the market??

这些公司并不都是一流巨头。其次，他们又蠢又贪，想复制高收入/高成本国家的利润率。日本和德国公司是最糟的。福特不久前退出了澳大利亚，丰田最近也宣布退出。这是印度的机会，但巴尼亚公司有能力制造、销售和占领市场吗?

• 1 day ago

Its a pity to see some people mourning the ext of MNCs. They don’t want to see own Indian companies flourishing. Still not come out of colonial mindset

有些人居然为跨国公司的撤出而哀嚎，真是可悲。他们不希望印度本土企业蓬勃发展。这些人至今仍未走出殖民思维。

• Sonal Choudhary • 1 day ago

own Indian companies there are just two that have taken over .. Reliance and Adani. anyone else that you can name?

只有两家印度公司接手，信实和阿达尼。还有其他公司吗？

• 1 day ago

Its a good sign that Indian companies are doing great in India. Why enrich the foriegn companies..

这是好事啊，印度企业在印度的表现十分亮眼。为什么要让外国公司赚我们的钱呢…

Uday Gokhalay • Pune • 1 day ago

The Prime Reason for doing Business anywhere is to make PROFIT for the Company, is it not ???

不管在哪里做生意，都是奔着为公司赚取利润的目标，难道不是吗?

• 1 day ago

because they are anti nationals ? middleman ?

因为他们是吃里扒外的人？中间人？

User Srikumar • 1 day ago

The only long term solution is indigenous products and solutions. MNCs are temporary. If they can make more profit somewhere else they will leave. All these MNCs are crooked capitalists.

唯一的长期解决方案是本土商品和解决方案。跨国公司只能是昙花一现。如果他们能在其他地方获得更高利润，他们就会毫不犹豫地离开。这些跨国公司都是狡猾的资本家。

• 1 day ago

The simple reason for this is phenomenon is that the MNCs invest in other countries to make a fast buck in a short period. When they fail in this due to an increase in local competition, they flee.

造成这种现象的简单原因就是，跨国公司在其他国家投资就是为了在短时间内赚快钱。如果本地竞争加剧，无利可图，他们就会迅速抽身离开。