Why does China think Genghis Khan is Chinese, when the world knows he is Mongolian? Is that part of the “North East project of China” basically stealing and changing Mongolian/Korean history to Chinese?

为什么中国把成吉思汗当做中国人，而全世界都知道他是蒙古族人？这也属于“中国东北工程”的一部分吗？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Profile photo for Khengchat Ng

I am not sure that even if you hand GK’s Chinese ancestry to China on a platter, it will accept. Heck, he is Mongolian. The Mongolians have named their international airport after him. Every steppe marmot and his uncle knows GK was Mongolian. His Y chromosome is found in 30 percent of all male Mongolians. He will pronounce the Mongolian capital Ulan Bator as “ You know better ( than that ) ”

我也不知道，就算你把成吉思汗的中国血统拱手让给中国，中国会不会接受。见鬼了，成吉思汗就是蒙古人。蒙古人以他的名字命名了他们的国际机场。每只草原土拨鼠和他叔叔都知道成吉思汗是蒙古人。30%的蒙古男性都携带成吉思汗的Y染色体。他还会把蒙古首都乌兰巴托念成“You know better”。

Peng Wang

This is a very interesting question. I have to admit that many Chinese people think that Temuin is Chinese, including me when I was young.

There are many reasons. In modern times, Mongolia was a part of China for many years until it became independent with the support of the Soviet Union during World War II. Currently, more than 60% of Mongolians live in Inner Mongolia, China.

这是一个非常有趣的问题。我不得不承认，很多中国人都认为铁木真是中国人，就连我小时候也这么认为。

原因有很多。在近代，蒙古曾是中国的一部分，直到第二次世界大战期间，蒙古才在苏联的支持下获得独立。目前，超过60%的蒙古族人生活在中国内蒙古。

From ancient times, Temuin's grandson took the initiative to sinicize in order to conquer China, established the Yuan Dynasty of China, and became the emperor of China. At the same time, Temuin's grandson, that is, Kublai Khan, after becoming the emperor of China, according to the tradition of the Central Empire, posthumously named his ancestors as emperors of China, including Temuin and Temuin's father and son.

历史上，铁木真的孙子为了征服中国，主动汉化，建立了中国元朝，成为了中国的皇帝。同时，铁木真的孙子，也就是忽必烈，在成为中国的皇帝后，按照中央帝国的传统，谥其祖先为中国的皇帝，其中就有铁木真和铁木真的父子。

According to the tradition and legal system of the Central Empire, this kind of posthumous title is legal and recognized. Therefore, Temuin became the emperor of China many years after his death. As a result, when Temuin was mentioned later, he was one of the emperors of China. Over time, the Chinese gradually thought that Temuin was Chinese.

With the rise of nationalism, some Chinese even began to think that Kublai Khan was not Chinese, so now, people with modern education basically do not think that Temuin is Chinese.

按照中央帝国的传统和法律制度，这种谥号是合法的，被承认的。因此，铁木真在他去世多年之后成为了中国的皇帝。因此，后来人们提到铁木真时，也把他视为中国的皇帝之一。随着时间的推移，中国人逐渐认为铁木真也是中国人。

伴随着民族主义的兴起，一些中国人开始认为忽必烈不是中国人，所以现在，受过现代教育的人基本不再把铁木真当做中国人。

Andy

Genetic history of East Asians：

The main paternal haplogroups of modern Yamato Japanese are

1，Haplogroup D-M55 (today ~33%）

2，Haplogroup O-M176 (O1b2) (today ~32%）

3，Haplogroup O-M122 (O2, formerly O3) (today ~20%）

4，Haplogroup C-M217 (C2, today ~6%）

5，Haplogroup C-M8 (C1a1, today ~6%）

6，Haplogroups N-M231, O-M119, O-K18, and Q-M242 also have been observed with low frequency among present-day Japanese.

东亚人的遗传历史：

现代日本人的主要父系单倍群是

1、单倍群D-M55(目前约33%)

2、单倍群O-M176 (O1b2)(现今约32%)

3、单倍群O-M122 (O2，原O3)(现今约20%)

4、单倍群C-M217 (C2，现今约6%)

5、单倍群C-M8 (C1a1，现今约6%)

6、单倍群N-M231、O-M119、O-K18和Q-M242在今天的日本人中也有发现，但数量较少。

The most common Y-DNA haplogroup among present-day Koreans is

1，Haplogroup O-M122 (O2, formerly O3) has been found in approxmately 41% of sampled Korean males

2，Haplogroup O-M176 (O1b2) has been found in approxmately 31% of sampled Korean males

3，Korean males also exhibit a moderate frequency (approxmately 15%) of Haplogroup C-M217.

4，About 2% of Korean males belong to Haplogroup D-M174

5，Other haplogroups that have been found less commonly in samples of Korean males are Y-DNA haplogroup N-M231 (approx. 4%), haplogroup O-M119 (approx. 3%), haplogroup O-M268(xM176) (approx. 2%), haplogroup Q-M242 and Haplogroup R1 (approx. 2% total)

现代韩国人中最常见的Y-DNA单倍群是：

1、约41%的韩国男性样本中发现单倍群O-M122 (O2，原O3)

2、约31%的韩国男性样本中发现单倍群O-M176(O1b2)

3、韩国男性样本中也发现了中等频率的C-M217单倍群(约15%)。

4、大约2%的韩国男性属于单倍群D-M174

5、其他不太常见的单倍群是Y-DNA单倍群N-M231(约为4%)，单倍群O-M119(约为3%)，单倍群O-M268(xM176)(约为2%)，单倍群Q-M242和单倍群R1(总共约为2%)。

In term of paternal lineage, most Siberians have high frequencies of haplogroups N+R1a, and then C+Q

在父系方面，大多数西伯利亚人的N+R1a单倍群出现频率较高，其次是C+Q

Therefore, Koreans+Janpanese tend to have the closest genetic affinity with Han Chinese，Tiban，Mongolians, Manch.....

因此，韩国人+日本人跟汉族、藏族、蒙古族、满族的基因亲缘关系最为密切.....

N1a+R1a：Khakas, Chukchi people, Tuvans, Yakuts, Tatars，Dolgans，Nenets people,Nganasans

N1a+R1a：哈卡斯人，楚克奇人，图瓦人，雅库特人，鞑靼人，多尔干人，涅涅茨人，恩加纳桑人

N1a+QR1a：Khanty and Mansi，Pannonian Avars，Ural people

N1a+QR1a：汉特人和曼西人，潘诺尼亚阿瓦尔人，乌拉尔人

N + C

1，Northern Tungusic：Evenks，Evens，Oroqen

2，Mongolic languages：Buryats，mongolian，Kalmyks

3，Paleo-Siberian：Chukchi people

4，Turkic：Tuvans，Kazakh，Dolgans，Yukaghir people

1, 北通古斯语族：鄂温克人、鄂文思人、鄂伦春人

2, 蒙古语族：布里亚特人、蒙古人、卡尔梅克人

3, 古西伯利亚语族：楚克其族人

4,  突厥语族：图瓦人，哈萨克人，多尔干人，尤卡吉尔人

Ydna C+O

1，Southern Tungusic：Manchu，ibe

2，Southern Mongolic

3，Northern Chinese, Korean, Tiban

Ydna C + O

1、南通古斯人：满族、锡伯族

2、南蒙古语族

3、北方汉人、朝鲜人、藏人

The most common Y-DNA haplogroup among present-day Koreans is

31% O1b2，41% O2，15%C2，4%N1

现代韩国人中最常见的Y-DNA单倍群是

31% O1b2，41% O2，15%C2，4%N1

The gene that arrived on the Korean Peninsula about 20,000 years ago was O1b2.

大约2万年前出现在朝鲜半岛的基因是O1b2。

Sunda Shelf → South China

巽他陆架→华南

（During the most recent ice age，the world's sea level was about 130 m lower than today）→Korean Peninsula

(在最近的冰河期，世界海平面比现在低130米左右)→朝鲜半岛

As the Ice Age ended 10,000 years ago and the Neolithic Age began, sea levels rose due to the melting glacier and the Yellow Sea was created,

1万年前，冰河时代结束，新石器时代开始，冰川融化导致海平面上升，形成了黄海，

O1b2 stayed in the Korean Peninsula

O1b1 stayed in Southeast Asia

O1b2留在了朝鲜半岛

O1b1停留在东南亚

An point made by academic is that Y-Haplogroup C2 is original Haplogroup of Northeast Asia（Mongolia and Manchuria） which get replaced by Y-Haplogroup N1O2 from Southern China

有学者指出，Y-单倍群C2是原东北亚（蒙古和满洲）的单倍群，后来被中国南方的Y -单倍群N1O2取代

Liaohe people /Dong yi people：N1O2C2

辽河人/东夷人：N1O2C2

Modern Koreans are a mixture of Dong yi people（O2a+C2 ） and peninsula natives

现代韩国人是东夷人(O2a+C2)和半岛原住民的混合体

O2a+C2 enter the Korean peninsula,where they assimilated the earlier inhabitants of the peninsula(O1b).

O2a+C2基因进入朝鲜半岛，同化了半岛早期的居民(O1b)。

During the Yayoi period, haplogroup O1b2+O2a started to arrive and spreaded to every region of Japan.

弥生时代，单倍群O1b2+O2a开始到达并传播到日本的每个地区。

Origin of Japanese: Jomon (D1a2+C1a1) + Korean peninsula /Yayoi (O2a+O1b2).

日本人的起源：绳纹(D1a2+C1a1) +朝鲜半岛/弥生(O2a+O1b2)。

The main paternal haplogroups of modern Mongolian are：

现代蒙古人的父系单倍群主要有:

Haplogroup C2b2b1*-M401(xF5483) of the broader C-M48 subclade, which has been identified as a possible marker of the Manchu Aisin Gioro and has been found in ten different ethnic minorities in northern China, is only detected in Han Chinese populations from Gansu to Liaoning. Haplogroup C-M48 is detected in 33% of Han Chinese from Inner Mongolia)..

人们认为C-M48亚分支中的单倍群C2b2b1*-M401(xF5483)可能是满族爱新觉罗的基因，在中国北方10个不同的少数族群中都有发现，但仅在甘肃至辽宁一带的汉族人群中发现。而33%的内蒙古汉族人群中检测到单倍群C-M48。

The modern Mongolian are related to the Manchus

现代蒙古人与满族人有亲缘关系。

Thomas Arch

China has never considered Genghis Khan as a Chinese. Quite the opposite, Genghis Khan, the founder of the ruthless Mongol empire, invaded both China and Eastern Europe.

Korea has a history and culture that is far from being as rich as those of Japan and China. It has been greatly influenced by China. What concerns do Koreans have about their history being appropriated? Worried about someone “stealing” Kimchi?

中国从来没把成吉思汗当成中国人。恰恰相反，残暴的蒙古帝国的缔造者成吉思汗侵略了中国和东欧。

韩国的历史和文化远不如日本和中国。它深受中国的影响。韩国人对他们的历史被挪用有什么好担忧的？担心有人“偷”他们的泡菜吗？

C. Z.

Don’t blame us, blame Kublai Khan, his grandson. We knew he wasn’t Chinese and he didn’t consider himself Chinese.

Kublai’s the one that wrote an edict decreeing his grandfather was a Chinese emperor, just like the other Chinese emperors before him. That was his basis for ruling China as her emperor.

别怪我们，要怪就怪忽必烈，怪他的孙子。我们知道他不是中国人，他也没把自己当做中国人。

忽必烈写过一道诏书，昭告他的祖父是中国的皇帝，就像在他之前的所有中国皇帝一样。这是他作为皇帝统治中国的基础。

Evidentially for Kublai, his ancestry and ethnicity wasn’t worth anything compared to being able to pacify China easier.

It’s really no skin off our back if Genghis Khan is Chinese or not. The Euros throw off the Mongol yoke centuries ago, so wit won’t even give us any additional territorial claims.

显然，对于忽必烈来说，他的血统和种族与轻松安抚中国相比，显得毫无价值。

成吉思汗究竟是不是中国人，对我们来说真的没所谓。几个世纪前，欧洲人就摆脱了蒙古人的枷锁，所以智慧也没法给我们带来更多领土。

Western Decline

First, Genghis Khan was a Mongol.

蒙古族=Mongol

Second, Genghis Khan has nothing to do with Koreans.

Third, there are 6 million Mongolians in China.

首先，成吉思汗是蒙古族人。

第二，成吉思汗和韩国人没有任何关系。

第三，中国有600万蒙古族人。

How can such a stupid question arise？

Genghis Khan is great, but China has many great emperors.

In the Genghis Khan TV series filmed in China, all the actors are Mongolian.

There are many great empires and emperors in China, we don't need to make Genghis Khan a Han nationality.

为什么会出现这么愚蠢的问题呢？

成吉思汗确实伟大，但中国还有很多非常伟大的皇帝。

在中国拍摄的成吉思汗电视剧中，所有的演员都是蒙古族人。

中国有很多伟大的王朝和皇帝，我们也无需把成吉思汗说成汉族。

Jonathan Carlson

Who says that Genghis Khan was Chinese? Please provide a source for that claim.

His grandson Kublai Khan was ethnically Mongolian, but due to his adoption of many aspects of Chinese culture, he is considered to have been Sinicized - it’s one of the reasons why 1. he proclaimed the start of the Yuan dynasty and 2. the Mongolian Empire fractured.

谁说成吉思汗是中国人的？你把这个说法的来源摆出来。

成吉思汗的孙子忽必烈是蒙古人，但由于他接受了中国文化的方方面面，他已经汉化了——这就是为什么——1. 他宣布建立了元朝；2. 蒙古帝国分裂了。

After the founding of the Yuan dynasty, Kublai Khan posthumously proclaimed the previous Khans (including Genghis Khan) as members of the Yuan dynasty. This, however, doesn’t mean that they were Chinese (though, of course, they do have a place in Chinese history).

元朝建立后，忽必烈死后宣布历代可汗（包括成吉思汗）为元朝的成员。但这并不意味着他们是中国人(尽管，当然，他们在中国历史上也有一席之地)。

I see that you go on with your “question” by making a ridiculous claim of China “stealing and changing Mongolian/Korean history”. I took the time to look into the “North East project of China”, and, of course, your claims fall flat. The “Serial Research Project on the History and Current State of the Northeast Borderland” has more to do with inclusivity than anything else - acknowledging minority populations in China are people of China and have a cultural history.

我发现你很荒谬地称中国“窃取和改变蒙古/朝鲜历史”。我花了点时间调查了一下“中国东北工程”。“东北边疆历史与现状系列研究项目”更多的是与包容性有关——承认中国的少 数民族是中国人，拥有文化历史。

The earliest capitals of Goguryeo are located in what is now China. Much of the territory that was once Goguryeo also falls within the borders of China. The Northeast Project acknowledges that Goguryeo was primarily an ethnically Tungusic-based culture, and was founded by Jumong, who was prince from the kingdom of Buyeo (whose territory is a part of modern-day China). Due to the origins and cultural similarities of Goguryeo, it is considered to be culturally related to the Manchu people - and the region of Manchuria is a part of China. And the people of Manchuria have a rich history, which, due to them being a part of China, means that it is a part of Chinese history.

高句丽最早的首都位于今天的中国。高句丽的大部分领土也在中国境内。东北工程承认高句丽主要是一个以通古斯为基础的民族文化。由于高句丽的起源和文化相似性，人们认为它与满洲人有文化上的联系——满洲地区也是中国的一部分。满洲人民有着悠久的历史，由于他们是中国的一部分，也就意味着它是中国历史的一部分。

As for Mongolia, I see no reference to Mongolian culture whatsoever in anything about the Northeast Project (the biggest hint being that neither Mongolia nor Inner Mongolia are in Northeast China). You’re obviously just using it as an excuse to spread misinformation, hatred, and racism.

至于蒙古，我在东北工程中没有看到蒙古文化（蒙古和内蒙古都不在中国东北）。显然，你只是把它作为传播错误信息、仇恨和种族主义的借口