为什么中国这么害怕打开秦始皇陵

Why is there so much fear of opening the tomb of China's first emperor?

为什么中国这么害怕打开秦始皇陵？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Eliana Yang

Cracking open the tomb could come with much more immediate and deadly dangers too. In an account written by ancient Chinese historian Sima Qian

打开坟墓会带来更直接、更致命的危险。中国古代历史学家司马迁曾经这样写道。

Derek W London

The major problem is the historical record of the rivers of murcury and the lake of liquid murcury within which the sarcophagus of the first great emperor was placed that were incorporated into the inner sanctum of the vast tomb “city".

The extreme toxcity of murcury makes any incursion extremely hazardous regardless of it's association with eternal life in ancient history.

主要的问题是有关水银河和水银湖的历史记载，秦始皇的石棺被放置其中，构成了巨大墓葬结构的内部密室。

水银的极端毒性使得进入墓室的行为极其危险，不管在古代是否与永生有关。

Peter Ole Kvint

Because the grave has obviously been thoroughly looted by all the people who lacked money. How many treasure hunters have lived in the last 2200 years?

If there is anything to be found, it is preserved with mercury. And no one knows how to treat it.

因为这个坟墓已经被穷途末路的贼人洗劫一空了。在过去的2200年里出现过多少盗墓者？

值钱的东西都被水银保存着。没有人知道如何破解。

Jonathan Carlson

Well, contrary to what you might think, it has nothing to do with fearing something like this:

Instead, archaeologists and anthropologists “fear” not having the ability to preserve artifacts. This might seem a bit strange to you, but you’ve got to understand that those artifacts that are within his tomb have not been exposed to the air in over 2000 years.

Let’s look at Egypt as an example. Sure, there is quite a bit of art that has survived, and some of the pigments they used have survived, but just look at this, from the wall of the Temple of Dendur:

好吧，跟你想的正相反，这跟害怕毫无关系:

相反，考古学家和人类学家“担心”的是我们没有能力保存文物。也许对你而言，这个说法可能有点奇怪，但你必须明白，始皇帝坟墓里的那些文物已经有2000多年未曾暴露在空气中了。

让我们以埃及为例吧。当然，有很多艺术作品得到了保存，他们使用的一些颜料也保存了下来，但来看看这个，来自丹铎神庙的墙壁：

A quick glance at this, and you would probably say that it’s typical Egyptian art, right? Well, take a look at this:

初略扫一眼，你可能会说这是典型的埃及艺术，对吧？好吧，再看看这个：

This is a projection that overlays the original carving. It is showing how the art originally looked before being exposed to the air in modern times. And, for the record, this temple was created about 200 years after the tomb of Qin Shi Huang.

这是在原始雕刻上的投影。它展示的是未曾暴露在空气中之前的艺术品的最初模样。而且，据记载，这座寺庙建于秦始皇墓后200年左右。

And it is known that this is not unique. Take a look at the famous Terracotta Warriors - which were built to guard the tomb of Qin Shi Huang:

而这并非特例。看看著名的兵马俑吧，它们是为了守卫秦始皇的陵墓而建造的：

I’m sure you’ve seen pictures or reproductions of these before - they’re quite famous. But here’s something that a lot of people don’t know:

They were originally painted with extremely vibrant colors! In fact, on a few of the actual statues, you can see slight traces of the original pigments used:

我相信你以前看过这些照片或复制品，它们非常有名。但有一件事很多人不知道：

这些兵马俑最初身上也涂着极其鲜艳的颜色！事实上，在一些兵马俑真品上，你还可以看到涂染颜料的轻微痕迹：

The problem is that it’s extremely difficult to preserve this art, since the moment the pigments come in contact with oxygen, they begin to fade and disappear. It happens shockingly fast.

问题就在于，要保存这些艺术品，难度极高，这些颜料一旦接触到氧气，就会开始褪色和失色。迅速非常快。

This is what the fear is - such an important archaeological site could be irreparably damaged simply be opening the door. In an ideal world, the whole of the tomb would probably be encased in a giant glass sphere (including excavating down under the tomb) in order to create a vacuum, or near vacuum, in which archaeologists could excavate, by wearing space suits or something similar. But, let’s face it, that’s a ridiculous thought. The simplest way to put it is that we lack the technology to properly preserve what’s inside. Hopefully a solution will be invented in our lifetimes, so we can see what’s inside.

这就是人们担心的地方——只要打开一扇门，这么重要的考古遗址就可能遭受无法挽回的破坏。理想状态下，可以将整个坟墓包裹在一个巨大的玻璃球里(包括在坟墓下面挖掘)，打造一个真空，或接近真空的环境，考古学家可以穿着宇航服或类似的东西在里面挖掘。但是，让我们面对现实吧，这是一个荒谬的想法。我们目前还缺乏妥善保存墓葬内文物的技术。希望在我们有生之年能找到解决方案，这样我们就能一窥究竟了。

Dang Yu'ang

Why won't the chinese open the tomb of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor?

Originally Answered: Why wont the chinese open the tomb of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor?

When they were first found in the tomb, they were colored, and after only a few minutes of contact with the air, they began to fade and soon lost their colour completely. All the terra-cotta warriors you see have gone through the whole process. The terra-cotta warriors and horses are just one of the mysteries of qin shi huang's tomb. There are too many secrets. Humans don't have enough technology to protect them. So the researchers of qin shihuang mausoleum gave up this huge temptation. They hope that future humans will have good enough technology to protect all the secrets of qin shihuang's tomb rather than destroy them.

为什么中国不打开秦始皇的陵墓？

人们第一次在坟墓中看到它们时，它们是彩色的，但跟空气接触几分钟后，它们就开始褪色了，很快就完全失色了。你现在能看到的所有兵马俑都经历了整个过程。兵马俑只是秦始皇陵墓的众多谜团之一。秦始皇墓有着太多的秘密。人类暂时还没有足够的技术来保护它们。因此，秦始皇陵研究人员抵制住了这一巨大的诱惑。他们希望未来的人类能有能力来保护秦始皇陵墓的所有秘密，不要毁了它们。

Aaron Cai

What is a good estimate of when the Chinese will open the tomb of the 1st emperor?

Agree with Colin Shu, probably never. That's the best way of protecting it.

Given the scale of the i'an Terracotta Army

and records of the 1st Empeor's funeral from ancient books, historians and archaeologists believe there are remarkable amount of treasures and extraordinary acrhitectural design of the tomb.

The QinShihuang's Tomb, made by arhaeologists.

中国人什么时候才会打开秦始皇的陵墓？

我同意Colin Shu的观点，他们可能永远都不会这么做。这就是保护秦始皇陵的最好办法。

考虑到西安兵马俑的规模

根据古书中关于秦始皇葬礼的记载，历史学家和考古学家认为秦始皇墓中有大量的宝藏和非凡的建筑设计。

They also believe, there is no way we can unearth the tomb without causing any irreparable damages giving the status of modern technology. The funeral objects buried inside were sealed from the outside, they have been kept in a steady circumstance with steady temperature, moisture, air pressure and without light for thousands of years.

他们还认为，以现代的技术水平，不可能在不造成不可挽回的损失的情况下挖掘古墓。埋在墓中的丧葬物品是从外面被密封的，被保存在一个稳定的环境中，有着稳定的温度、湿度、气压，长期没有光照。

Actually, unearthing the Qin Shihuang's tomb caused a lot of well-known arguments in the past. The well-known scholar Guo Moruo/郭沫若 applied more than once to dig up some emperor's tombs and got approved once, but archaeologists finally got called off about their applications by Prime Minister Zhou, especially the application for digging Qin Shihuang's tomb. Prime Minister Zhou took the experts's (of State Administration of Cultural Heritage) ideas that unearthing the ancient tombs would cause more damages than make any good. After that, central government issued serials of bans against unearthing ancient tombs.

事实上，秦始皇墓的考古挖掘在过去引发了很多众所周知的争论。著名学者郭沫若不止一次申请挖掘部分皇帝的陵墓，曾被批准过一次，但考古学家的申请最终被叫停了，尤其是秦始皇墓的挖掘申请。周总理采纳了(国家文物局)专家的意见，认为发掘古墓弊大于利。在那之后，中央政府便发布了一系列禁止挖掘古墓的禁令。

Yugan Talovich

Why won't the chinese open the tomb of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor?

Originally Answered: Why wont the chinese open the tomb of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor?

Think of the responsibility of opening this tomb! There must be countless treasures within, but there are also countless problems involved in opening a tomb that has been still for over two thousand years.

为什么中国不打开秦始皇的陵墓？

想一想打开这个坟墓的责任有多重吧！里面肯定有数不清的宝藏，但要打开一座两千多年的坟墓，会遇到无数的问题。

The fear is that with today’s technology, opening the tomb and exposing the contents to today’s environment may destroy things and lose irreplaceable artifacts and facts (by facts, I mean more intangible facts we can learn from. The terra cotta figures were originally colored, but the colors faded quickly once that pit was opened, some before the details could be recorded, which means knowledge lost forever.)

人们担心以今天的技术，打开坟墓后，里面的东西暴露在今天的环境中，可能会出现毁损，损坏这些无可替代的文物和考古信息。兵马俑最初是彩色的，但兵马俑坑一旦被打开，兵马俑身上的色彩迅速褪色，有些细节都没来得及记录，这些考古信息就永远丢失了。

Have you noticed that Chinese are patient, and take the long term view? The idea is, the tomb has been there for a long time, it’ll keep another couple decades or generations or centuries until it can be opened safely. In the meantime, there’s more than enough to study from what has already been opened.

你有没有注意到，中国人保持着极大的耐心，而且目光十分长远？我们的想法是，这个坟墓已经存在很长一段时间了，可以再保存几十年或几代人时间或几个世纪，直到确保可以安全打开它。与此同时，从已经挖掘出来的文物中，我们已有足够多东西可以研究。

Pun Anansakunwat

Why isn't the tomb of Qin Shi Huang explored?

Chinese authorities did try to explore the tomb.

However, they stopped, because they did not have the technology to preserve the objects inside.

为什么秦始皇墓没有被发掘呢？

中国确实想过对古墓进行考古挖掘。

但他们停止了，因为他们没有技术来保存里面的文物。

For example, the terracotta army used to be colorful, as they were painted with various pigments since antiquity.

The bright color of the terracotta army disappeared after these statues exposed with today’s air. It turned gray. Chinese authorities then stopped the excavation completely, because they did not want to destroy these valuables inside the tomb.

例如，兵马俑曾经是彩色的，因为自古以来人们就用各种颜料绘制兵马俑。

这些兵马俑的鲜艳色彩暴露在今天的空气中后就消失了，褪成了灰色。中国随后完全停止了挖掘工作，因为他们不想破坏墓内的这些珍贵文物。

Leo Ong

Why won't the chinese open the tomb of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor?

Originally Answered: Why wont the chinese open the tomb of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor?

There are many reasons to this but the main ones are as follows :

air quality in the tomb is believed to be different from the current air quality and opening the tomb can result in either one or both of the following:A) disintegration/ decay of some of the paints/ colorings or worse still, a large part of the tomb itself. B) possible presence of virus which may be deadly( similar to the case of Tutankhamen )

Possible presence of deadly defense mechanisms which can deem it difficult for anyone who goes inside the tomb.

Japanese and American specialists have offered their services to the chinese but in return, they want to have a portion of the tomb or something along these lines . However, this will not be possible in China as such tombs are classified as National Treasures.

There is also the presence of mercury in the tomb, which is used to simulate rivers and lakes in the afterlife of Qin Shi Huang. This can also prove toxc and lethal to whoever enters the tomb.

为什么中国不打开秦始皇的陵墓？

造成这种情况的原因有很多，但主要的原因如下：

人们认为墓中的空气质量与现在不同，打开坟墓可能会导致以下一种或两种情况：A)一些油漆/颜色的崩解/腐烂，或者更糟的是，坟墓本身的很大一部分也可能如此。B)可能存在致命的病毒(类似于图坦卡蒙的情况)

墓中可能还存在致命的防御机制，足以让任何人都难以进入坟墓。

日本和美国专家曾向中国提出愿意帮忙，但作为回报，他们希望得到一部分陵墓或类似这个意思的东西。但这在中国是绝无可能的，这些陵墓被列为国家级宝藏。

墓中还用水银仿造秦始皇死后生活之地的河流和湖泊。这对任何进入坟墓的人来说都是有毒、致命的。

There are many more reasons to why but the above are the general reasons for now.

原因还有许多，但上诉是目前的主要原因。