Is China's infrastructure the first in the world? Is there a country comparable to China? America?

中国的基础设施建设排名全球第一吗？有没有哪个国家可以和中国媲美？比如说美国？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Everything China

China is spending huge in infrastructure though it has made great achievement in the sector over the past years.

China has built huge number of infrastructure projects in various sectors of the country to lay a solid foundation for the development of the national economy.

中国在基础设施建设方面下了大血本，过去几年取得了巨大成就。

中国在国内众多领域建设了大量基础设施项目，为国民经济的发展奠定了坚实的基础。

In the transport sector, China is still putting lots of resources in building roads and railways in many places of the country,l such as the Sichuan-Tib railway and the Qinghai-Tib railway. Many sections of these railways are built at an average altitude of around three thousand meters.

In the digital sectors, China has established big data centers and other projects to develop the digital economy.

在交通运输方面，中国目前在很多地方还在斥巨资修建公路和铁路，如川藏铁路和青藏铁路。这些铁路有许多路段都修建在平均海拔3000米左右的地方。

在数字领域，中国建设了大数据中心等项目，大力发展数字经济。

China is planning to increase investment in infrastructure projects covering various areas like transport, energy, water conservancy and agriculture.

By the end of April, local governments in China had invested a total of 195.8 billion yuan (about 29 billion U.S. dollars) in water conservancy projects, up 45.5 percent from the same period last year.

中国还计划为交通、能源、水利和农业等各个领域的基础设施项目加大投资。

截至4月底，中国地方政府在水利工程上的投资总额已达1958亿元(约290亿美元)，比去年同期增长了45.5%。

In the first quarter of this year, about 35,000 new projects were launched, 12,000 more than the same period last year.

The total planned investment for these projects rose 54.9 percent year on year.

These investments not only boosted economy, but also improved the living standards of local people.

Hope other countries like the United States can also invest more and be more efficient in improving the infrastructure nationwide.

今年第一季度，新开工项目数约3.5万个，比去年同期增加1.2万个。

这些项目的计划投资总额同比增长了54.9%。

这些投资不仅促进了经济发展，也提高了当地人民的生活水平。

希望美国等其他国家也能为了改善国内的基础设施水平加大投资，提高效率。

China Focus

China has made great progress in infrastructure in recent years.

Many huge projects aiming to facilitate transportation and boost economic development have been built in many places across the country.

A good example is the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge.

近年来，中国在基础设施建设方面取得了巨大的进步。

许多旨在提高交通便利度、促进经济发展的大型项目在全国各地纷纷建成。

港珠澳大桥就是一个很好的例子。

It's a 55-kilometre bridge–tunnel system consisting of a series of three cable-stayed bridges, an undersea tunnel, and four artificial islands. It is the longest sea crossing in the world.

这是一个55公里长的桥梁隧道系统，由三座斜拉桥、一条海底隧道和四个人工岛组成，是全世界最长的跨海大桥。

Peter Elliott

Related

Why is the USA infrastructure so much worse than Chinas?

In the US there’s money in making bombs. In China there’s money in making roads. Americans live on fear and Chinese live on trade so it’s a bit of a no brainer.

Their infrastructure is a visual indication of that policy change and their growth in affluence is a result of that.

为什么美国的基础设施比中国差这么多？

在美国，钱都拿去造弹药啦。在中国，钱是拿来修路的。美国人生活在恐惧之上，而中国人忙着做生意，所以结果显而易见。

他们的基础设施是政策变化的直观标志，他们的经济增长正是政策变化的结果。

Mia Brown

At present, no one in the world can match the speed and scale of China's infrastructure construction. Now only China can be called infrastructure maniac.China ranks first in the world in many infrastructure fields.

目前，中国基础设施建设的速度和规模在全世界无人能及。只有中国可以被称为基建狂魔。中国在许多基础设施领域位居世界第一。

In 2018, China's new buildings accounted for 61.5% of the world's total, and the total number of buildings over 150 meters accounted for about one third of the world, ranking first in the world. At the same time, China is the only country with a population of about 1.4 billion that can still achieve universal access to electricity, and its power grid coverage ranks first in the world. By the end of 2021, the proportion of China's communication base stations will reach 60%, which is also the first in the world.

2018年，中国新建建筑占世界总量的61.5%，高度150米以上建筑总量约占世界总量的三分之一，居世界第一。与此同时，中国是唯一一个拥有14亿人口，还能实现普及电力的国家，电网覆盖范围位居世界第一。到2021年底，中国通信基站占比将达到60%，也位居世界第一。

China has 961100 highway bridges and 200000 railway bridges, with a total of 1million, ranking first in the world; The mileage of expressway has reached 131000 kilometers, ranking first in the world; The total operating mileage of high-speed rail exceeds 40000 kilometers, ranking first in the world. Seven of the world's top ten ports are from China.

中国拥有公路桥梁961100座，铁路桥20万座，累计100万座，居世界首位；高速公路通车里程达13.1万公里，居世界首位；高铁总运营里程超过4万公里，居世界首位。世界十大港口中有七个来自中国。

U.S.A? Of course, it makes sense, but that was more than a hundred years ago. Indeed, in the era of crazy infrastructure construction in the United States, infrastructure has made remarkable achievements, with more than 400000 kilometers of railways, 15000 airports and 124000 kilometers of highways. But that is over. Although the infrastructure in the United States is perfect, it has been in disrepair for too long. There are many projects that have been under construction for more than 60 or 70 years, and those that have been under construction for more than 100 years are not uncommon. One quarter of the bridges in the United States have problems, more than half of the traffic accidents are related to road facilities, and 95% of the roads in Washington are in poor condition. The New York subway still uses the magnetic card adopted in 1994 to enter the station. The speed is slow and the reliability is poor. It is not only inconvenient to use, but also dirty and messy.

至于美国？当然，你会这么想是正常的，但那是一百多年前的往事了。

的确，在美国疯狂建设基础设施的时代，基础设施建设也取得过举世瞩目的成就，铁路里程数超过40万公里，机场15000个，高速公路12.4万公里。

但这些都是老黄历了。虽然美国的基础设施挺完美，但已经年久失修了。建成六七十多年的项目很多，建成一百多年的项目也不少。

美国四分之一的桥梁有问题，一半以上的交通事故与道路设施有关，华盛顿95%的道路状况不佳。

要进入纽约地铁，乘客还在使用1994年启用的磁卡。

速度慢，故障多。不仅使用不便，而且又脏又乱。

In 2021, the power outage in Dezhou caused 4million families to cut off power and water supply, and more than 700 people froze to death. In summer, because of the hot weather coming ahead of schedule, people turned on the air conditioners one after another, and the power grid in Texas collapsed again. The reason is that the power infrastructure is extremely old, and it can barely operate in normal times, but once there is bad weather, the infrastructure will go on strike.

2021年，德克萨斯州大停电，400万家庭断水断电，700多人冻死。夏天，由于炎热的天气提前到来，人们纷纷打开空调，德克萨斯州的电网再度瘫痪。背后的原因正是电力基础设施太多老旧，平时只能勉强维持运转，但一旦出现恶劣天气，基础设施就会罢工。

Even trump had to laugh at himself: look at China, we are just like the third world. Although Biden put forward the big infrastructure plan, the United States has been unable to do what it wants.

连特朗普都不得不自嘲：看看中国，我们就像第三世界国家一样。尽管拜登提出了大规模的基础设施计划，但美国一直无法如期实施。

Large scale infrastructure construction needs the support of a complete industrial system. At present, the manufacturing industry in the United States has been hollowed out. The United States has been unable to meet the needs of various steel and cement infrastructure materials production, engineering machinery production services, engineering construction and other supporting systems that rely on huge industries.

大规模的基础设施建设需要完善的产业体系作为支撑。目前，美国的制造业已经出现了空心化。美国无法满足依赖于庞大工业的各种钢铁水泥基础设施材料的生产、工程机械的生产服务、工程建设等配套体系的需求。

Even with raw materials, the current social tear in the United States will make it difficult to carry out large-scale infrastructure. In 2008, Governor Schwarzenegger of California proposed to build a high-speed railway connecting San Francisco and Los Angeles, with a total investment of 77.3 billion yuan. As a result, the project was interrupted in 2019. The Boston "big dig" tunnel project started in 1991 and was barely completed in 2007. The 2.4 km tunnel was dug for 16 years, and the budget exceeded 10 times. As a result, there were more than 60 cracks in the tunnel, thousands of water leaks, 60000 loose nails in the ceiling, and a passer-by was killed just after the completion.

就算原材料充足，美国目前的社会问题也使得大规模的基础设施建设很难实现。2008年，加州州长施瓦辛格提出建设连接旧金山和洛杉矶的高速铁路，总投资773亿元人民币。但是该项目于2019年终止了。波士顿“大挖掘”隧道项目始于1991年，2007年才勉强完成。隧道全长2.4公里，历时16年，预算翻了10倍。结果，隧道内壁上出现了60多条裂缝，数千个漏水点，天花板上有6万颗松动的钉子，一名路人在工程完工后惨遭杀害。

Why is China the only country that can become a capital construction maniac?

为什么中国是唯一一个可以成为基建狂魔的国家？

First of all, China has a complete education and training system, turning the population advantage into human resources. At the begng of the founding of the people's Republic of China, China began to popularize education at all levels. It took 20 to 30 years to gradually establish a huge vocational education system from learning bulldozers, excavators and other majors, and trained a large number of skilled workers, which is the foundation of infrastructure maniacs.

首先，中国拥有完善的教育培训体系，可以将人口优势转化为人力资源。中华人民共和国成立之初，中国就开始普及各级教育。从推土机、挖掘机等专业逐步建立起庞大的职业教育体系，培养出了大量的技术工人，这正是基建狂魔的根本。

Second, there are almost no weaknesses in China's infrastructure industry. China's infrastructure construction is the most difficult in the world. Western countries' infrastructure, geology, landform and climate in the region are relatively single, and a set of mature technology, equipment and personnel can dominate the world. China has a vast territory, including plateaus, deserts, hills, plains, etc. However, in terms of enjoying the achievements of human civilization and progress, China has not left behind any group of people. Even if it is very difficult, China's infrastructure construction also benefits remote areas.

其次，中国的基础设施行业几乎不存在薄弱环节。中国的基础设施建设是世界上难度最高的。

西方国家的基础设施、地质、地貌、气候都比较单一，拥有一套成熟的技术、设备和人员就可以称霸世界。

而中国幅员辽阔，有高原、沙漠、丘陵、平原等多种地形。

但是，在享受人类文明进步成果方面，中国从未弃任何群体而不顾。

即使非常困难，中国的基础设施建设也让偏远地区受益。

The Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge is a typical example. Everything is "starting from scratch", and there is no experience to follow. However, the infrastructure crazy Chinese team did it. The Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge is the project with the highest technical content, the largest scale and the highest standard in the world. Therefore, the engineering standard of the international super bridge has been rewritten. In 2018, the world was shocked when the Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge was opened to traffic. The guardian described it as "the seventh wonder of the world".

港珠澳大桥就是一个典型的例子。一切都是“从头开始”，没有任何经验可循。但是，中国的建设团队成功了。港珠澳大桥是目前世界上技术含量最高、规模最大、水平最高的工程。因此，国际超级桥梁的工程标准被中国改写了。2018年，港珠澳大桥通车，全世界都为之震惊。《卫报》称其为“世界第七大奇迹”。

Finally, no country has such a high-level resource integration capability and organizational mobilization capability as China.Taking Huoshenshan Hospital as an example, hundreds of engineers joined the battle to prepare the design drawings required for the construction. It took only one day from design to drawing. In 10 days, China has invested 6000 construction personnel, more than 1000 excavators, cranes and other mechanical equipment, and all materials and materials have basically been delivered on time. Behind this is the terrible production and transportation capacity of the infrastructure maniac.

最后，没有哪个国家像中国这样具有如此高的资源整合能力和组织动员能力。以火神山医院为例，数百名工程师加入了准备施工所需设计图纸的紧张战役。从设计到绘图只用了一天时间。在10天时间里，中国投入了6000名施工人员，1000多台挖掘机、起重机等机械设备，各项物资基本按时到位。这背后是基建狂魔可怕的生产和运输能力。

It is precisely because China has experienced design units and construction units, a group of industrial workers who can do it, as well as an almost unlimited supply of equipment, accessories, oil, and the means of communication in the 21st century that this engineering miracle has been completed.

正是因为中国拥有经验丰富的设计单位和施工单位，拥有一批作业能力强的产业工人，还有21世纪几乎取之不尽的设备、配件、石油、通讯手段，这一工程奇迹才得以完成。

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