How Indian Railways is looking to reduce dependence on China, Russia & Europe with ‘Make in India’ wheels for trains

印度铁路如何通过“印度制造”的火车车轮，降低对中国、俄罗斯和欧洲的依赖

Indian Railways is looking to reduce its import dependence on Russia, China and European countries for forged wheels for its trains and locomotives. The national transporter has been importing forged wheels from the Czech Republic, Brazil, Romani, Japan, China, Ukraine, Russia and the UK since the 1960s.

印度铁路公司正着手降低对俄罗斯、中国和欧洲国家的火车和机车锻造车轮的进口依赖。自20世纪60年代以来，印度铁路公司长期从捷克共和国、巴西、罗马、日本、中国、乌克兰、俄罗斯和英国进口锻造车轮。

The supply for wheels was hit last year as a fallout of the ongoing Ukraine-Russia war. According to railways, at present the requirement for wheels is being met from China. Indian Railways has now decided to step up its capacity to manufacture ‘Make in India’ forged wheels for trains.

由于俄乌战争的持续影响，从去年起这些国家的车轮供应受到了打击。根据铁路部门的说法，目前印度对火车车轮的需求已通过中国的出口得到解决。印度铁路公司决定提高制造“印度制造”火车锻造车轮的能力。

A tender for setting up a new plant was floated last year for the manufacture of 80,000 wheels per annum over the next 20 years. The tender was opened recently and the consortium of Ramakrishna Forgings and Titagarh Wagons has emerged as the lowest bidder.

去年，印度提出了一项新工厂的建设招标，计划在未来20年每年生产8万个火车车轮。招标最近开始公开招标，罗摩克里希纳锻造公司和蒂塔加尔货车有限公司的联盟已成为最低出价方。

In 2022-23, 80,000 wheels worth Rs 520 crore were imported from China and Russia, while the remaining 40,000 were sourced from SAIL.

印度在2022-23年度从中国和俄罗斯进口了8万个火车车轮，价值52亿卢比，其余4万个车轮来自印度钢铁管理局。

Indian Railways projects that the requirement of wheels will go up to 2 lakh per annum by 2026 with the induction of more semi-high speed trains. At present, SAIL can manufacture 40,000 wheels per annum for railways and RINL with a capacity of 80,000 wheels is yet to start regular commercial production.

印度铁路公司预计，随着更多半高铁列车的投入使用，到2026年印度铁路公司对火车车轮的需求将增加到每年20万个。目前，印度钢铁管理局公司每年可为印度铁路生产4万个车轮，而拥有8万个车轮产能的萨卡帕特纳姆钢铁公司尚未开始正常的商业生产。

Shri Prakash, former Railway Board Member says that the project is a "very good step" in the right direction. "This is an important step. The domestic manufacturers need to ensure that the quality of the steel used is up to the mark," he told TOI. Railway expert G Raghuram also calls it a much-needed initiative. "With the induction of Vande Bharat trains and more semi-high speed trains, the demand for forged wheels will go up, so it makes sense to step up the domestic manufacturing capacity," he told TOI.

前铁路局董事Shri Prakash表示，这个项目是朝着正确方向迈出的“非常好的一步，也是非常重要的一步。国内制造商必须确保使用的钢材质量符合标准。”铁路专家G Raghuram也称这项提议是印度必需的。他对《印度时报》说：“致敬印度号列车和更多半高铁列车的投入使用将导致锻造车轮需求的上升，所以提高国内制造能力是正确的做法。”

The successful bidder, that is Ramakrishna Forgings, has to set up the manufacturing facility within 36 months from award date. According to Indian Railways, considering the learning curve and economies of volume, the price applicable will be reduced by 2% every year up to 3 years. The 4th year onwards the applicable price will be 94% of the quoted price which is valid for the balance period.

中标者罗摩克里希纳锻造公司必须在中标之日起的36个月内建好制造工厂。根据印度铁路公司的说法，考虑到学习曲线和规模经济，车轮的价格将在3年内每年降低2%。第四年起，车轮价格为在剩余期限内有效报价的94%。

According to a TOI report, Indian Railways will procure 80,000 wheels every year at Rs 600 crore every year to begin with. After meeting the requirement of Indian Railways, the manufacturer will be allowed to export these wheels as well.

据《印度时报》报道，印度铁路将以每年60亿卢比的价格采购8万个车轮。在满足印度铁路的要求后，制造商也可获批出口车轮。

 以下是印度时报读者的评论：

Venkat Mysore

Cant we even make wheels? how many things do we import from China and other countries?

我们连轮子都造不了吗？我们究竟从中国和其他国家进口了多少东西啊？

Ashish

we can bro, but why get a manufacturing plant of xxxx crores when we can import it cheaper. If u r planning to have curd today , will u buy from nearest shop or make it in home.

我们可以的，兄弟，但如果进口价格更便宜，为什么要斥巨资建造昂贵的制造工厂呢？如果今天你想吃凝乳，你会去家附近的商店购买，还是自己在家做呢？

Rajeev Kumar

Shame on people who still vote for congress and PAAP;.........Himachal and Delhi...........shame shame

我真为那些还在为国大党和平民党投票的人感到丢脸；.........喜马偕尔和德里..........丢脸丢到没眼看

•

railways should stop giving quarters, stop giving free medical facilities, stop giving attendance bonus in RWF, salary is given only to work, save huge public money.

铁路应该停止提供住宿，停止提供免费医疗服务，停止在印度铁路车轮厂里发放考勤奖金，工资应该按劳分配，节省巨额公共资金。

•

close down your exsting RWF, outsource it,or give it to private parties,, railways can save huge public money by doing this,, because employees are extremely highly paid, with lot of benefits,,mainly excess employees too ,,???

关闭已有的印度铁路车轮厂，外包给私人企业吧，铁路可以借此节省大量的公共资金，因为车轮厂的员工工资非常高，福利优厚，员工冗余。

Jayant Tidke

Alas! No more commission on the imports! Hope for 2024 election. Maybe the Indian units closed and imports restarted.

唉！以后就吃不了进口产品的回扣了！真盼着2024年的大选啊。也许印度的工厂又关闭了，重新开始进口。

dfoxman

Only NOW they're trying to reduce dependence on foreign imports of something as basic as wheels? Why did Rlwys not do so earlier...decades ago?

他们居然到现在才想起来要减少对车轮这种基础产品的进口依赖？为什么印度铁路公司早前没想着自己生产呢？

Gdas Das

Raahilkhan has promised to the masses that after coming to power he is going to introduce a new strategy by literally importing everything starting nail to rocket from chin in order to spread prosperity in the Hindustan on a rapid pace.

Raahilkhan向大众承诺将在上台后引入一项新战略，他要从中国进口从钉子到火箭的一切商品，让印度斯坦快步走向繁荣。

Bharatiya Bharat

Tell the nation when is the pdiesel price going to be reduced to Rs 40 & Petrol to 55 ???

不如先跟全国民众说说什么时候能把柴油降到40卢比，把汽油降到55卢比吧？

Pradeep Sethi Sethi

Keep dreaming. Fuel is imported

继续做他们的白日梦吧。我们的石油也还全都依赖进口呢。

Ravindra Munvar

And all these years, we were exporting the raw material to these countries - Iron ore. Great going. Lets hope we will be able to make all the advanced steel requirements for our own consumption within our country itself in the upcoming decade.

这些年来，我们一直向这些国家出口原材料——铁矿石。这个计划真不错。我们有望在未来十年里自己生产出足以满足国内需求的高级钢铁。

Brahmajosyula Prasanna Kumar

Good step to reduce foreign currency deficit as it will increase the jobs available and also export to ASEAN countries.

这是降低外汇赤字的好事，可以增加就业机会并向东盟国家出口。

User Panda

good decision. India can make and launch satellites with precision. India can also make train wheels with precision. Dependence on China particularly, should be avoided.

这个决定真不赖。印度有能力精确地制造和发射卫星。印度肯定也有能力制造火车车轮。我们尤其要避免对中国的依赖。

Munish Anand

We are moving in the right direction. I hope the common man can be a part of this make in India move. Technological help from the govt is expected.

我们正朝着正确的方向前进。我希望普通人也能参与到“印度制造”的行动中来。期待政府的技术支持。

Real Indian

Good Move!! But the thing is government only focused when there was supply constraints from International markets. Had this not happened then things would not take this shape

这是一着好棋！但问题是，我们的正符只有在受限于国际市场的供应时才开始关注这些。如果没有发生这种事，他们还不会考虑呢。

•

Why no Govt since 1960 promoted the manufacturing of these wheels in india. The railway ministers and officials were happy exporting the raw iron ores and importing the wheels and getting big commissions?

为什么自1960年以来，印度的历届政府都没有敦促印度自己制造车轮呢。铁路部长和官员们就乐呵呵地出口原铁矿石、进口车轮，捞点高额佣金么？

Vikram A Shah

This is awesome move let our INDIAN companies grow.

这是很好的提案，我们的印度企业也该快速成长了。

•

What happened to the Railways' Wheel and Axle plant at Yelahanka, Bangalore?

班加罗尔亚拉哈卡的铁路轮轴厂怎么了？

Ra Mon

RWP Bela near Patna is also manufacture Rail wheels. Railway should expand all those facilities

巴特那附近的铁路厂也生产轨道车轮啊。铁路局应该先扩建这些工厂。

•

lt's a wonderful move for indigenization of Rly Wheels for high Speed 'Bandhe Bharat ' super fast Train introduced in India with resounding success.

印度的“Bandhe Bharat”高铁列车上的国产车轮真是了不起的进步，取得了巨大的成功。

•

India' s imports from China increased by almost 29% in the last 5 years according to the statement read out by Anupriya Patel ,Ministet of State in the Lok Sabha in 2022

印度国务部长Anupriya Patel于2022年在下议院宣读的声明显示，印度从中国的进口在过去5年增长了近29%。

•

Very good initiative by the Railways. Better late than never. Please start production soon with the required quality and timely delivery.

铁路部门这个提案真不错。亡羊补牢为时未晚嘛。请尽快开始投产吧，质量和交货期都要符合规定。

•

Each wheel costs ₹75,000:/ Each wheel weighs about 340 kgs. So IR pays about ₹220/- per kg for special forged iron including transportation etc

每个车轮价格为75000卢比/每个车轮重约340公斤，所以印度铁路局支付约220卢比/每公斤的特殊锻造费（含运费等）。

Raghuram DN

We supply steel - raw material to china and then import it back in the form of wheels. This is an utter waste of resources and money. Make in India is fine but Stop imports from china should be taken with equal zeal. We have no dearth of capability in this country probably the most populous country in the world now.

我们向中国出口了钢铁原料，再把车轮进口回来。这完全是资源和金钱的浪费。印度制造绝对没问题，但我们必须限制从中国进口的数量。我们国家不缺乏能力，我们现在也许已经是世界上人口最多的国家了。

•

The total trade with China & particularly imports are increasing by leaps & bounds in recent years. In the last year our imports from China was around 20% of our total imports which steadily increased from around 10% 9/ 10 years back. Something should be urgently done to reduce such high dependence on a hostile country urgently. Just floating a few tenders here & there or depending on one group to perform a miracle will not help.

近年来，印度与中国之间的贸易总额，尤其是印度进口额呈跳跃式增长态势。去年，我们从中国进口的金额占到我们总进口的20%左右，从过去9-10年前的10%左右稳步增长。印度应该采取紧急措施来减少对敌对国家的高度依赖。但是仅通过区区几个投标或依赖一个团队就想创造奇迹，是于事无补的。

•

what a master stroke sir jee kal strike

这个决策真是妙极了。

•

We had besides steel, huge plants for manufacturing, electric & diesel locos in Chittaranjan, WB, Varanasi, Integral Coach factories at Perambur in TN, & Kapurthala in the Punjab, Wheel & Axle plant in Bengaluru, Railway repairing workshops at almost all Railway Zones. What happened to them? Are they already sold or up for sale?

除了钢铁厂，我们在吉塔兰詹、西孟加拉邦、瓦拉纳西都有大型制造工厂、电动和柴油机车工厂，在泰米尔纳德邦的贝伦布尔和旁遮普邦的卡普塔拉邦有列车车厢工厂，在班加罗尔有轮轴工厂，几乎所有铁路沿线都有铁路维修车间。他们现状如何了？是已经转手了还是等着被甩卖？

manojgoud Goud

congratulations to the people of india who have elected such noncorrupt government at center.

祝贺印度人民终于选出了清廉的中央政府。

mmmm

IBD dynasty was simply looting through import for 65 plus years. Kudos to BJP regime. Jai Hind

历届印度政府在65年间大肆敛财。人民党政府万岁。印度必胜。

Prakash

We can do it. We can also rope in JSW, TATA Growth Shop, L&T SAIL They all have the technical and managerial skills for the same.

我们肯定能实现。我们还可以让日本钢铁厂，塔塔集团，印度铁路管理局等也一起参与进来。这几家企业既有技术，也有管理经验。