Why does China try to claim Kim Chi and steal cultural assets from Korea?

为什么中国说泡菜是中国发明的，窃取韩国的文化？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

June Yu

I believe most Koreans should have read this as a kid:

我相信大多数韩国人在小的时候都读过这本书：

我國雖僻在海隅，壤地褊小，禮樂法度，衣冠文物，悉遵華制。人倫明於上，敎化行於下，風俗之美侔擬中華，華人稱之曰小中華。

 —《童蒙先習》朴世茂

Translation to English:

Although our country situates in the cornered place next to the sea, with a narrow territory, our customs, our music, our etiquettes, our laws, our code of dress, our writing language, our instruments, fully follow China. The morals and ethics are manifested up in the court, the edification of the masses is implemented down to the bottom. The beauty in the mores has made our society almost equal to China in repute. The Chinese call us the Smaller China.

 — The Initiatory Book For Children, Park Se-moo, 1541

翻译成英语：

虽然我们的国家位于海边一隅，领土狭小，但我们的风俗、音乐、礼仪、法律、着装规范、写作语言、乐器都完全遵循中国。朝廷重视道德伦理，民间推行教诲熏陶。我们高尚的道德水平使我们几乎可与中国媲美。中国人称我们“小中国”。

——《童蒙先習》，朴世茂，1541年

Eunoians in SG

A lot of Chinese are jut triggered when the video showing Li Ziqi making Pao Cai (pickled cabbage) was attacked by the Korean online army who claims Chinese steal Korean culture. This is totally rubbish.

Paocai and Sichuan Spicy Cabbage are not Kimchi

Based on the historical evidence and the origin of napa cabbage (Chinese cabbage), Kimchi is clearly influenced by China

当李子柒做泡菜（腌制白菜）的视频被韩国网民围攻，声称中国人窃取韩国文化时，很多中国人都被激怒了。这完全是瞎说八道。

泡菜和四川辣白菜跟韩国泡菜根本就是两回事。

根据历史证据和大白菜（中国白菜）的起源，韩国泡菜很显然是受了中国的影响。

1.Napa cabbage (Chinese Cabbage) 배추 is a type of Chinese cabbage originating near the Beiing region of China

1.大白菜(中国白菜)是一种中国白菜，原产于中国北京地区附近。

2. Original version of Kimchi is based on radish. Chinese spread napa cabbage to Korea and taught Korean how to ferment napa cabbage-based (Chinese cabbage-based) kimchi

2. 韩国泡菜最早只有泡萝卜。中国人将大白菜传到韩国，并教会韩国人如何发酵大白菜(中国白菜)泡菜。

3.Paocai and Sichuan Spicy Cabbage are registered in UNESCO

3.泡菜和四川辣白菜已被列入联合国教科文组织名录。

4.China has a record of making fermented and pickle napa cabbage at least 3100 years ago. The earliest record of fermented vegetables in Korea is only 1500 years ago

4.中国至少在3100年前就有了发酵腌制大白菜的记录。而韩国最早的发酵蔬菜记录距今只有1500年。

5.Chinese spread fermented vegetable technique to Korea during its three kingdom era. China wasn't the first country that discovered the fermenting technique, but China was the one that taught Korean how to make pickle and fermented vegetable

5.中国在三国时期就已将发酵蔬菜技术传入朝鲜了。中国不是第一个发明发酵技术的国家，但中国教会了韩国人如何制作泡菜和发酵蔬菜。

6. China has been develo napa cabbage (Chinese cabbage) for thousands of years, there are hundreds of different styles or seasonings. Adding chili is something very common

6. 中国种植大白菜已有几千年历史了，有数百种不同的做法和调味料。加辣椒是非常常见的做法。

7. Korea used to be a vassal of China. Chinese taught Korean a lot of things including language, customs, food, and music. Korean history and relics are all recorded in Chinese, Korean cannot read or understand their history today. That is why most Korean mistakenly claimed Chinese culture as their property

7. 韩国曾经是中国的附属国。中国人教会了韩国人很多东西，包括语言、习俗、食物和音乐。韩国的历史和文物都是用中文记录的，现在的韩国人读不懂他们自己的历史。所以大多数韩国人错误地把中国文化当作自己的文化。

8.Saying Sichuan Spicy cabbage is Kimchi is like Americans claiming they invented pizza and chips. You give birth to your parents or your parents give birth to you?

8. 说四川辣白菜是韩国泡菜，就像美国人说他们发明了披萨和薯条一样。到底是你生了你父母，还是你父母生了你？

Ides Jan

It is a pickled vegetable. Every culture in the world has their own pickled vegetable. Every province of China probably has their own pickled vegetable. That standard was only talking about the Sichuan pickled vegetable. The Chinese were talking about Pao Cai which literally means pickled vegetable. And Korea is not the only place with a spicy pickled vegetable tradition. Why are Koreans so worked up over what is essentially a translation issue? Are there so few cultural assets that you need to pick up arms over a pickled vegetable?

这就是一种腌制蔬菜。世界上每一种文化都有自己的腌制蔬菜。中国的每个省份都可能有自己的腌制蔬菜。中国人说的包菜，字面意思其实是腌制蔬菜。韩国并不是唯一一个拥有腌制辣味蔬菜传统的国家。为什么韩国人会如此激动，这纯属翻译问题呀？该不会是你们的文化遗产太少了吧，少到让你们为了捍卫一份泡菜必须大动干戈？

And may I politely point out that the South Korean national flag is composed of the Taoist symbols of Taiji and Trigrams? Should the Chinese be shouting cultural burglary here?

请允许我委婉地指出，韩国国旗是由道教符号太极和八卦组成的。中国人是不是也得大喊一声文化盗窃呢？

Alexx Young

Seriously? China tries to steal from Korea? You should really study Korea history.

Oh by the way, their history was written in Chinese characters.

你们是认真的吗？中国试图偷韩国的东西？你真该好好学习一下韩国的历史。

哦，对了，韩国历史还是用汉字记录的呢。

John Wilson

Kimchi originated in China. But I can't explain why, because South Korea even stole the written description of historical events. I remember a kind-hearted Chinese told Korean history and told Korean netizens all the details such as where it originated and how to make it. Koreans regarded it as their own thing. It was too humiliating. Including Hanfu, they are all from China. Why? Because Korea was a dependency of China in ancient times, it had a deep cultural influence. Even the Korean flag was designed by the Chinese. It's really no shame. The United States has no history, but it doesn't care. Japan recognizes that it comes from China and is willing to transform it. South Koreans are so narrow-minded that they need to steal other countries' cultures and become their own.

韩国泡菜就是起源于中国。但原因我不能说，因为韩国连对历史事件的书面描述都要偷。我记得一位好心的中国人向韩国人介绍了历史，并向韩国网民详细介绍了原产地和制作方法。可韩国人认为这是韩国的东西。太丢人了。就连汉服也一样，都来自中国。为什么？因为韩国在古代一致是中国的附属国，所以受到了很多中华文化的影响。甚至韩国的国旗也是中国人设计的。这真的没什么可丢人的。美国就没有历史，可美国不在乎。日本就承认自己源于中国，并愿意改变。可是韩国人太小心眼了，他们必须窃取别国文化，据为己有。

Kimchi is a very cheap food in China. It is a kind of pickled food. It was first carried by the Secretary of the Zhou Dynasty. Then it was introduced into Korea by a general in the Tang Dynasty. Because China is rich in material resources and North Korea's geographical location is suitable for pickling, then South Koreans have a tradition of eating kimchi. If we say that Chinese history be a big tree, then North Korea is a fruit on the tree. It belongs to Chinese culture.

韩国泡菜在中国是一种非常便宜的食物。它就是一种腌制食品。最早由周朝的大臣制作成功，后来被唐朝的一位将军引入了朝鲜。因为中国物质资源丰富，朝鲜的地理位置适合腌制，所以韩国人就有了吃泡菜的传统。如果说中国历史是一棵参天大树，那么朝鲜就是这棵大树上的一颗果实。它属于中国文化。

It's right that South Korea has a tradition of eating kimchi. It's right that its source is China

没错，韩国是有吃韩国泡菜的传统。可是韩国泡菜的源头是中国，这也是事实。

Alexander Tan

Kimchi is literally just one form of pickled vegetable, nothing special, other countries all over the world have their own form of pickled vegetable. Pao Cai in China refers to two things: a specific pickled vegetable dish from Sichuan, and a generalization of all pickled vegetable groups. Just because China names a certain food a certain way does not mean they are claiming it as their own (that’s like saying “pickled cucumbers”, or classic pickles, are Chinese), so get over yourselves.

韩国泡菜只是腌制蔬菜中的一种，并无特别之处，世界上其他国家也都有自己的腌制蔬菜。在中国，泡菜指的是两种东西：一种是四川特有的腌制蔬菜，另一种是所有腌制蔬菜的总称。单单因为中国以某种方式命名某种食物并不意味着中国把它据为己有(这就像说“腌黄瓜”或经典泡菜是中国的一样)，所以别这么自以为是哈。

No matter what you may say, China dominated East Asia culturally and economically for much of history, since the Han Dynasty. China for sure learned from Korea, but not nearly as much as Korea learned from China. If you are against the development of society, you would call learning from other civilizations “stealing”. However, if we go off of this “stealing” narrative, there were many more instances of Koreans and other East Asians in general “stealing” from Chinese culture than vice versa, while China “stole” Buddhism from India.

不管你怎么辩驳，事实是自汉朝以来，中国在文化和经济上控制了东亚各国的大部分历史。中国当然也向韩国学习过，但远远不如韩国向中国学习得多。如果你反对社会的发展，你当然可以把向其他文明学习的行为称为“偷窃”。但如果我们套用这种“偷窃”的说法，那么韩国人和其他东亚人“偷窃”中国文化的例子则不胜枚举，中国也从印度“窃取”了佛教。

Do you now realize how ludicrous that sounds? Different people learn from each other, some more than others. Why is that a bad thing?

你现在知道这听起来有多可笑了吗？不同的民族之间相互学习，有的民族学得多，有的学得少。这怎么会是坏事呢？

Samson Smolka

Understand your ignorance of history, but not understand why you are so shameless

No any steal at all, just cultural violence by Koreans

Spicy Chinese cabbage and Korean kim chi are two things（Even though it's from China）

Korea has lost a lot of history since it stopped using Chinese characters and Of course I don't think Chinese people care about spicy cabbage, they care more about how to improve

我明白你对历史有多无知，但我不明白你为什么会如此无耻。

根本就不存在“偷”这回事，这只是韩国人的文化暴力而已。

中国的辣白菜和韩国的泡菜就是两回事(尽管韩国泡菜也来自中国)。

自从停止使用汉字以来，韩国已经遗忘了很多历史了。当然，我认为中国人不会在意辣白菜，他们在意的是如何改良。

Evan Mao

Did anyone actually read the weblink regarding what the kerfuffle is all about? The ISO standard is for pao cai, the Chinese version of fermented vegetables. There is no need getting everyone’s kimchi in a knot over this. Lots of countries and cultures ferment vegetables. Nobody has a monopoly over the general fermentation process. Each culture has variations of how and what they ferment. Germans have sauerkraut and the French have chouchroute. Do doubt Polish and Russian and other European cultures all have their own variations on the theme and have their own names for different kinds of fermented vegetables. Even pao cai has many regional variations within China. Can’t we all just ferment along?

ISO标准是针对中国版发酵蔬菜泡菜制订的。没必要因为这件事波及所有泡菜。很多国家和文化都会腌制蔬菜。没有人能垄断这种发酵工艺。每种文化都有不同的发酵方式和发酵物。德国人有sauerkraut，法国人有chouchroute。波兰、俄罗斯和其他欧洲国家也都有自己的腌制蔬菜，种类不同，名字也不尽相同。就连泡菜，中国各地区也有很多差异。我们就不能一起好好发酵吗？

Jiahe Chen

Social media users in China and South Korea are embroiled in another row, this time over the provenance of kimchi, the fermented cabbage dish that most people recognise as an essential part of the Korean diet.

中国和韩国的社交媒体用户又卷入了一次争吵，这一次是关于韩国泡菜的起源，一种发酵的白菜，大多数人都认为这是韩国饮食的重要组成部分。

Not, though, in China, where state media have sparked an online backlash after one of the country’s fermented dishes received certification from the International Organisation for Standardisation [ISO].

ISO status, the Global Times newspaper reported, was an “international standard for the kimchi industry led by China”.

The very mention of the word kimchi triggered angry accusations among South Koreans that China was attempting to claim kimchi as its own, when in fact the award covered only pao cai – a type of pickled vegetable often found in Sichuan cuisine.

但在一款中国发酵食品获得国际标准化组织认证后，中国官方媒体在网上遭遇了强烈的反对。

据《环球时报》报道，ISO认证了“由中国主导的泡菜行业的国际标准”。

韩国泡菜这个词引发了韩国人的愤怒指责，称中国试图将泡菜据为己有，而事实上，该认证只针对了泡菜——一种川菜中常见的腌制蔬菜。

Im Yang Gyoon

If kimchi is Chinese, it should have historical grounds.

Kimchi contains red pepper.

According to Korean records, it was a custom to mix red peppers powder with alcohol in the mid-1400s.

In Korea, we used red pepper because we knew that the capsaicin ingredient of red pepper did not spoil the food.

如果泡菜是中国的，那么历史上肯定能找到依据。

韩国泡菜中是有红辣椒的。

根据韩国的记录，在15世纪中期，韩国就把红辣椒粉与酒精混在一起使用了。

我们韩国使用红辣椒是因为我们知道红辣椒的辣椒素成分不会破坏食物。

The record that Korea used red peppers for food is recorded in a book made in the early 15th century.

Chinese historical records of red peppers do not appear until the 17th century.

It was also used in China 200 to 300 years after starting to eat red pepper in Korea.

By the way, in China, red pepper is not used as much as in Korea.

In Korea, in addition to red pepper powder, we made and ate red pepper paste in the same way as jam, and used it for food.

15世纪初的书中就记载了韩国人食用红辣椒的历史。

中国历史上关于红辣椒的记载一直到17世纪才出现。

在韩国开始食用红辣椒的200 ~ 300年后，中国才开始食用红辣椒。

顺便说一下，红辣椒在中国的使用不像韩国那么多。

在韩国，除了红辣椒粉，我们还会制作红辣椒酱，像吃果酱一样食用，并将其用于食物中。

Then the answer comes out which country kimchi is from.

那么泡菜源自哪个国家，答案就显而易见了。