为什么中国如此现代化，而印度却依然落后

Why is China so modern while India is lagging behind?

为什么中国如此现代化，而印度却依然落后？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Sayak Biswas

Brace yourself for a very politically incorrect and a highly angry answer from a very angry Indian.

This is Beiing Daxng International Airport

准备好接受一个出离愤怒的印度人给出的非常政治不正确的回答吧。

这是北京大兴国际机场

which apparently took exactly 5 years to get completed. It happens to be the largest single-structure airport terminal.

Five years, get it? That’s the exact time for which a government in India under a party or alliance is supposed to run in one term.

这个机场花了整整5年才建成，是全球最大的单一结构机场航站楼。

五年时间，你发现了吗？这正好是一个政党或联盟领导下的一届印度政府的执政时间。

Now a curious question my friend.

How much time will it take for India to make an exactly similar airport, assuming the government is very much sincere about the project?

Well, first, it will need land. And to get land, you will need to find one. Since land in India can be got for such a thing only by clearing forests or some sort of vegetation, demolishing old constructions which is of no use, and to buy land from some other source(s). No problem, this hurdle is easy to overcome

朋友，我现在要提出一个我很好奇的问题。

假设印度政府非常有诚意，那么印度需要花费多少时间才能建一个完全相似的机场呢？

首先，建设这个项目需要土地，你得征用一块土地。因为在印度，只有通过清理森林或植被，拆除无用的旧建筑或者向其他来源购买才能获取土地。没问题，这个障碍很容易克服。

Next is tender for construction. Okay, this is easy too.

Now comes commitment. I guess this is a left-hand play. For a government who can construct highways fast, this is something they definitely can do, right?

Now, let’s go back to first point. What if there was a patch of vegetation???

接下来是施工招标。好吧，这一步也很简单。

现在是承诺。对于一个能快速建设高速公路的政府来说，这是绝对能做到的，对吧？

现在，让我们回到第一点。如果我们面对的是一片植被呢？

A retinue of fellows claiming to be environmental activists, farmer activists, activists against common sense, will begin a protest on why trees and grasses are being removed.

Next a retinue of film stars whose weddings have a larger carbon footprint than what my family produces in a year and who currently lives outside India, will give us their piece of mind on why hurting grass is bad.

一群自称是环境活动家、农民活动家、反常理活动家的人会马上跳出来，抗议政府为什么要砍伐树木、清理草地。

接下来，一群旅居国外的电影明星——他们结个婚产生的碳足迹比我家一年的碳足迹都要多——他们也会跳出来大谈特谈伤害植被有多不好。

Finally some politician trying to sharpen his dividend (doesn’t matter if in opposition or government) will try the best to gain some followers.

Someone will try to take it to hon’ble Supreme Court and try hard to delay this even further.

A project that can get completed in 5 years or less will get completed in 15 years!!!!!!!!

最后，一些试图提高自己政治影响力的政客，无论是反对党还是执政党，也会尽最大努力给自己捞几个追随者。

有人会试图向最高法院起诉，尽可能拖延进度。

一个只需5年或更短时间内就能完成的项目会被硬生生拖到15年！

And such is the story of literally everything that requires a patch of land- Metro shed, factory, highways, railway stations, nuclear power plant, high speed railway lines, …….insert your choice. Brand every single of them as a “corporate conspiracy”, “Product of Ambani” , “capitalist conspiracy”, “anti-environment”, “anti poor”.

这就是征用土地的故事——不论是地铁、工厂、高速公路、火车站、核电站、高速铁路线，.......你能想到的一切项目都会遇到同样的事。他们会把每个项目都贴上“企业阴谋”、“安巴尼的产品”、“资本主义阴谋”、“反环境”、“反穷人”的标签。

All the fellows who will be into this, showing how much they stand for the beautiful and romantic idea of “anti-corporatism” will ironically, do all these with help of free JIO sims made by Mukesh Ambani, wearing clothes from Westside run by TATA group, sitting on a bike assembled by Rahul Bajaj’s company, and with phones made by guess who?????

具有讽刺意味的是，所有热衷于搞事情的人都心安理得地用着穆克什·安巴尼的免费手机卡，穿着塔塔集团旗下Westside品牌制作的服装，骑着拉胡尔·巴贾吉公司组装的自行车，还有，猜猜他们用的手机是谁制造的呢?????这些人就是这么宣扬他们有多么支持美丽而浪漫的“反团体主义”理念的。

You want good trains, but you don’t like high speed train tracks occupying a strip of land in a farm.

You want Made in India phones but have problems with a cellphone factory set in neighbourhood

You want metro trains, but have a problem with a shed occupying a tiny region.

你们想要好的列车，但不喜欢农场土地被高速铁路占用。

你们想要印度制造的手机，但对附近的手机工厂意见不断。

你们想要地铁列车，但又反对占用土地。

You want uninterrupted electricity, but have problems with a power plant.

You call yourself as anti-corporate, yet work in Amazon

In short, you think yourself as smart, but you are an emotional fool

Every time you behave as an emotional fool, someone in Beiing laughs on a joke, and I guess you can see that joke, at a nearby mirror maybe???

你们想要不间断的电力，但是又反对建设电厂。

你们自称反企业，却又为亚马逊卖命工作，

简而言之，你们总认为自己天下第一聪明，但你们就是情绪化的傻子。

每次你们开始搞傻子闹剧，中国人就又有笑话可以乐一乐了。

It is 2019 where industries and infrastructure rule the roost, and a country which has more of these will be the one to wield maxmum power and the one which would provide the highest standards of living. Badmouthing corporate culture is like hitting your own legs with an axe.

You want India to speed up? The first step is to stop acting as a fricking roadblock. Atleast you can do this much I guess, alongside changing your mindset and priorities. Is that too much to ask?

2019年工业和基础设施占据了主导地位，一个拥有更多工业和基础设施的国家就能拥有更多的权力，能为自己的公民提供更高的生活水平。诋毁企业文化就像用斧头砍断自己的腿。

你想让印度加速发展吗？第一步就是不要再当他的拦路虎了。我想，在改变思维方式和优先事项时，起码可以先做到这一点吧。这个要求应该不算过分吧？

China thanks to its mindset of supporting industralization lifted its own poor to middle-class levels, at a speed no other nation managed to do. India on other hand managed to reduce its poverty significantly in two decades.

Two decades. You know what went right two decades ago??? Liberalization of economy. China did that way before India did. India under de ocracy managed to do it in 2 decades, slower than China. I think that we can do it faster even without becoming a non-de ocratic nation, provided that people of India stop behaving like emotional fools. We just need to support more industries and infrastructure.

因为中国一心支持工业化建设，所以中国以其他国家望尘莫及的速度将贫困人口都提升到了中产阶级水平。印度在20年内显著减少了贫困现象。

二十年的时间。你知道20年前我们应该做什么吗？我们应该执行经济自由化。中国比印度更早放开经济。印度用了20年做到这一点，但比中国慢多了。我认为只要印度人不再那么情绪化，少干傻事，我们也会发展得更快。我们只需要下定决心，支持工业和基础设施的建设。

Subodh Mathur

I am glad that you asked this question. Because I want Indians to focus on China. These days, my motto is:

Wake up, wake up, wake. China, not Pakistan. China, not Pakistan. China, not Pakistan.

In simple terms, India is lagging behind for two reasons. One, India has not had the high economic growth rates that China had. Second, India is focused too much on Pakistan - beating Pakistan is enough. Sadly, no.

我很高兴你提出了这个问题。因为我希望印度人都关注一下中国。现在我的座右铭是：

醒醒，醒醒，醒醒。紧盯中国，别管巴基斯坦。紧盯中国，别管巴基斯坦。紧盯中国，别管巴基斯坦。

简单来说，印度之所以落后，主要有两个原因。首先，印度没有中国那样的高经济增长率。其次，印度过于关注巴基斯坦——好像打败巴基斯坦就够了。很遗憾，这样是远远不够的。

There is no doubt that China’s economic data are sometimes fudged. But, there are similar charges against India. So, let’s ignore this fudging. The reality is that China is far ahead of India in so many ways. Essentially, China is now number 2 to the US.

China has lent $ 1 trillion to the US. Lent. That’s not a fake number. That’s what the US government reports. India’s total foreign exchange is about $ 400 billion. And, China is pouring billions of dollars into India’s neighbor countries and in Africa. So, don’t doubt it - China is way ahead of India.

虽然中国的经济数据有时是捏造的。但印度也有类似的操作。所以我们可以忽略这些造假数据。事实摆在眼前，中国在很多方面都远远领先于印度。中国现在已经是仅次于美国的第二大国了。

中国向美国提供了1万亿美元借款。借款哦。这可是真金白银的数字，在美国政府的报告里白纸黑字写着的。印度的外汇总额才4000亿美元左右。此外，中国还向印度的邻国和非洲投入了数十亿美元。所以，毋庸置疑中国遥遥领先于印度。

But, it need not be this way for ever. India cannot catch up with China in a few years. Sorry. Mr. Modi talks of India as a $ 5 trillion economy by 2024. China is already far ahead of that, and still growing.

So, we need to think of decades, not years, to catch up with China. In simple terms, India needs to hit 10% (or more) real (in every sense) annual GDP growth for years to come.

How? Read my answer. Subodh Mathur's answer to Can India achieve 10%+ growth rate per annum? If yes, how?

印度不可能在短短几年内就赶上中国。对不起。莫迪曾经放言，到2024年印度的经济规模会达到5万亿美元。中国早就超过了这个目标，而且仍在继续增长。

所以我们需要几十年的时间才能赶上中国。简单来说，印度必须在未来几年实现10%(或更多)的GDP实际年增长率。

怎么实现呢？可以去看看我之前的回答。Subodh Mathur的回答：印度能实现每年10%以上的增长率吗？如果能，该怎么做？

And, then check back after 10 years.

Update Aug 2021

Spurred in part by such questions, I have written a India's Path to Prosperity 2022-2047: A Workable Agenda for the Next 10-15 Years. About 130 pages. It does not compare India to China. Instead, it focuses on India’s future.

10年后再来见分晓。

Ram Patil

1. China is just China and India is India.

2. China lives in today but India loves to remain in trance and finds it’s glory in the past which is a series of defeats, invasions, and slavery of 2000 years.

3. China believes in working, but India believes in sloganeering.

1. 中国就是中国，印度就是印度。

2. 中国生活在当下，但印度喜欢发呆，在过去的一系列失败、入侵和2000年的奴役中寻找自己的荣耀。

3. 中国相信实干，而印度相信口号。

4. China punishes the corrupt without considering how big the person is but India protects if the person is of any political use.

5. China makes the best out of the waste but India wastes the best and endears waste.

6. China looks forward but India scans the past and glorifies it even if it is gloomy and dark.

4. 中国惩罚腐败分子，不管此人官职有多大，该罚就罚；而印度会袒护有政治利用价值的人。

5. 中国大力发展垃圾处理、废物利用，而印度大肆浪费，喜欢浪费。

6. 中国向前看，但印度沉溺于过去，美化历史，即便那段历史十分黑暗。

7. China believes in working but India believes in bragging and boasting about things that are not exsting and are just imaginary.

8. China is transparent, but India is just opaque.