印度失业率上升的原因是什么

What's the reason for the rising unemployment in India?

印度失业率上升的原因是什么？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Kumar

Lack of skills !

The problem in India is majority of the people in India are behind government. They don't consider anything beyond government job but the government jobs are limited and at end of the day not everybody will get it and somehow people will be left unemployed.

Private jobs on the other hand are skill oriented and your need to keep learning and hence most of the peope avoid it.

技能不足！

印度的问题在于印度大多数人都支持政府。他们不愿考虑政府工作以外的任何岗位，但政府工作毕竟有限，肯定没办法录用所有人，于是人们只能待业在家。

另一方面，私企工作看重技能，员工需要不断学习，因此大多数人都避之不及。

I had prepared for gate twice in past in a hope of getting into PSU but somehow I missed it. But ,did I stop there ? No, I didn't !

I learnt coding , data science Machine learning etc and now I am in a well paying job. Had I been obsessed with the government job then I would have been probably unemployed today. Glad I didn't waste too much of time.

There are other jobs in the market too. If people can look beyond government jobs then unemployment will be less of a problem.

我曾经两次准备入学考试，希望能进入国企，但没成功。我就此打住了吗？不，我没有！

我学习了编程、数据科学、机器学习等，现在我找到了一份薪水不错的工作。如果我非政府工作不可，那么我可能就是失业大军中的一员。很高兴我没有浪费太多时间。

世面上也有其他工作。如果人们不再只盯着政府工作不放，那么失业问题就能解决。

Saurav Sharma

Reason 1:

原因1：

Lack of attention to the mental state of a student:

Let’s face it, life of an average middle class Indian student is quite tough.

对学生的精神状态缺乏重视：

让我们面对现实吧，普通中产阶级印度学生的生活相当艰难。

1. Most of us come from a very humble background and parents pay quite a huge sum of fee for graduation and that leads to a very stressful situation.

2. Graduation is quite tough from the 11th and 12th grade, one has to make a drastic shift when he moves from 12th grade to fist year, the syllabus is tough, the exam pattern is quite different one has to immediately adapt to all these changes and that adds to more stress.

1. 我们大多数人都出身卑微，父母为我们求学支付了大笔学费，压力很大。

2. 想从11年级和12年级毕业是很难的，当他从12年级转到大一，必须做出巨大的转变，教学大纲很严格，考试模式也很不同，必须快速适应这些变化，这进一步增加了压力。

3. Most of us are never taught to handle stress in a healthy manner, hence some of us get into habits like alcohol, smoking and porn to get a temporary relief.

4. These habits takes a toll on your self-esteem and gets you distracted from your major goal. However some students do know how to handle stress in a healthy way and they join a gym or a sport of some kind.

3. 我们中大多数人从来没有学过用健康的方式处理压力，所以有些人养成了酗酒、吸烟和看黄片的习惯，希望获得暂时的缓解。

4. 这些习惯会损害你的自尊，让你分心。但有些学生确实知道如何以健康的方式处理压力，他们会去健身或运动。

5. There is a constant struggle between actually leaning something vs just preparing for exams. Most of the students time is spent on preparing and scoring in exams and a very little amount of learning takes place.

6. Most students have to eat outside from a hostel-mess and most of them provide food of a very low nutritious quality which in turn is not good for health in the long run.

5. 真正学习和单纯备考之间的挣扎很难结束。大部分学生的时间都花在准备考试和评分上，很少有真正学习的时间。

6. 大多数学生只能在外用餐，这些饭菜的营养很低，长远来看对学生的健康不利。

7. Still with these struggles, one manages to get through all these and clear exams but at the end instead of coming out as a highly developed individual most of us come out as a broken person who has a degree.

7. 尽管有种种困难，学生还是努力克服并通过了考试，但最终大多数人只是成了一个拥有学位的不完整的人，而不是成熟的个体。

Reason 2:

原因2：

Parent’s blind trust on the education system:

父母对印度教育系统的盲目信任：

1. Parents fail to understand that any educational institutes main aim is to make money and nothing else. They are not built so that your kid gets a high paying job, they are just here to make money.

2. A college needs only get 2–3 students from a batch who are paid 20LPA+ packages and the rest of the batch students are placed for a mere salary package of 2–3LPA. However they advertise it as “Highest package offered: 20LPA, 100% placement”.

1. 父母不明白，教育机构的主要目的不是别的，都是赚钱。他们并不是为了让你的孩子拥有一份高薪工作而设立的，他们只想赚钱。

2. 一所大学只需要有2-3个毕业生的工资达到200万卢比+福利，剩下的学生工资只有20-30万卢比，但他们就敢宣传自己的学生“最高收入200万卢比，100%就业”。

3. Parents read the above statement from the college brochure and looking at the figures are willing to shell out their life savings to get their son/daughter admitted.

4. No matter how most students do in the graduating years, a college’s future is still bright as parents constantly pay the fee and from thousands of students there will always be 2–3 students getting the dream package of 20+LPA which the college can proudly advertise to fool potential students.

3. 父母们一看大学宣传册上的文字，看到这些数字，就愿意拿出毕生积蓄让他们的儿子/女儿入学。

4. 不管大多数学生在毕业时的表现如何，大学的未来仍然是光明的，因为父母不断地支付学费，成千上万的学生中总能有2-3个能拿下200万工资的工作，大学就可以自豪地做广告，继续欺骗潜在的学生。

5. To show a 100% placement record, the rest of the 90% is placed in a so called MNC’s at a role where they mostly work on excel sheets instead of writing code.

6. However, in all these some students are really smart who take their own responsibility and know that they will have to self-study and find an actual path to get a job at a good company.

5. 为了让就业率达到100%，学校会让剩下的90%学生进入所谓的跨国公司，他们的工作主要就是填制excel表格，而不是编写代码。

6. 但在这些学生中，有些是真的很聪明，他们认清自己的责任，知道他们必须自学，找到一条真正的道路，才能在好公司找到一份工作。

Reason 3:

原因3：

Lack of co-ordination between industry and the university:

制造业和大学之间缺少合作：

1. Most colleges and universities have an extremely outdated syllabus which has little to no relevance to the skills needed in todays job market.

2. With advancement in technologies the job market is changing rapidly every year but the university syllabus remans the same for decades.

3. The result of this is that you do have a ton of knowledge when you graduate but most of that is irrelevant to most companies and hence nobody wants to hire you.

1. 大多数学院和大学的教学大纲都已经非常过时了，和当今就业市场所需的技能几乎毫无关系。

2. 随着技术的进步，就业市场每年都在迅速变化，但大学教学大纲几十年来始终一成不变。

3. 后果就是，你大学毕业时虽然掌握了大量的知识，但基本都和大多数公司无关，因此没有人愿意雇用你。

4. The best example of this can be found in most colleges where students from mechanical and chemical branch are placed in IT companies which to me sounds absurd.

5. Companies hence have to spend millions of dollars to train freshers who are straight out of college which is an extremely inefficient process.

4. 大多数大学都有这样的例子，学机械、学化学的学生进了IT公司，荒谬极了。

5. 因此，公司不得不花费数百万美元来培训刚从大学毕业的新人，这是一个极其低效的过程。

6. It’s not that the jobs are not enough, its also not that you lack the knowledge its just that there is a huge mismatch between the knowledge you have and the skills needed at the job.

7. The main reason for this lack of ordination again boils down to our reason no 2, the college does not care about your job once they get the money.

6. 并不是世面上的工作岗位不够多，也不是你知识储备不足，只是你拥有的知识和工作所需的技能之间存在巨大的错位。

7. 主要原因还是原因2里提到的，学校一旦拿到钱就不关心你的工作了。

We cannot change the system, but we can change ourselves, here is how to do it.

我们无力改变体制，但我们可以改变自己，至于这么改变，请看以下内容：

1. If you are in college, make sure to get a hobby which gets rid of your stress like joining a gym, reading a book or socialising with friends or playing a sport. Make sure to get rid of stress before it gets you.

2. Give exams a lower priority, focus more on learning practical things and study just enough for exams to score enough marks so that you are allowed to appear for placements.

1. 如果你还在上大学，一定要培养一个能让你摆脱压力的爱好，比如健身、阅读、交友或运动，让自己可以摆脱压力。

2. 不要把考试看得太重，应该把更多的精力放在学习实用的东西上，为考试做该做的准备，考一个过得去的分数，就可以参加实习了。

3. Academics are important but self-development is even more important. You don’t just want to graduate but want to come out as an improved person with enhanced self-confidence and a great mental attitude and high self-esteem hence always focus on self-improvement as well, read self-help books, meditate do yoga

4. Make sure to eat cheap but healthy food like bananas, eggs and nuts to provide enough nutrients.

3. 学业固然重要，但自我提升更为重要。你不能只想着毕业，要想着把自己变成一个更自信、心态更好、尊重自我的人，因此你要重视自我提升，阅读励志书籍，做冥想，做瑜伽

4. 一定要吃虽然便宜但健康的食物，比如香蕉、鸡蛋和坚果，为自己提供足够的营养。

5. Understand that the university has no moral responsibility to get you placed and hence figure out to get a job on your own. Look for jobs on job portal sites, they will list out the exact skills required for a particular job.

Make sure to learn those skills via self study apart from your regular studies, if you don’t have time then wake up an hour early.

5. 你要明白，学校没有道德上的责任帮你找到工作，所以你要自己去找工作。在求职门户网站上找工作，他们会列出特定工作所需的确切技能。

确保通过自学来学习这些技能，除了你的常规学习，如果你没有时间，那么提前一个小时起床。

6. The reason why you should search these jobs and learn these skills is because these are mostly the latest and in-demand skills as opposed to your outdated college syllabus.

7. Once you learn those skills, you can start applying for jobs right when you graduate and hence you don’t have to compromise on getting that low paid job from the campus placements.

6. 你应该寻找这些工作并学习这些技能的原因是，这些大多是最新的、最受欢迎的技能，而不是过时的大学教学大纲。

7. 一旦你学会了这些技能，你就可以在毕业后立即开始申请工作，因此你不必妥协于从校园实习中获得低薪的工作。

Mayank S

I THINK MAJOR concern in INDIA is HIGH population Density

33 crore at independence 1947 to 140 crore in 2022

From 361 Millions to 1400 million 2022 that’s 4 times

4 times people living on same land , competing for resources and jobs

我认为印度的主要问题在于人口密度太高

印度人口从1947年独立时的3.3亿增加到了2022年的14亿

从3.61亿到14亿，翻了4倍

4倍的人口生活在同一块土地上，争夺资源和工作

JUST COMPARE with USA INDIA CHINA population SLOPE in 1950–2000.

USA population just doubled

IT - technology sector dominated by a DEVELOPED countries Company like Microsoft google Facebook bing Amazon

which India lacks till now Some people started oyo , flipkart to beat the competition that’s working but need more creative people start to provide jobs in India

对比一下1950-2000年期间美国、印度和中国的人口增长率就知道了。

美国人口翻了一番

IT行业由发达国家的公司垄断，比如微软、脸书和亚马逊

有些印度人创办了oyo和flipkart来跟外国企业竞争，这是好事，但印度还需要更多人提供就业机会

Onkar Tiwari

There are multiple factors of unemployment.

Obsession with govt job.

Not enough skill

Instead of learning English focusing on Sanskrit and Hindi.

Reservation (You can not create best talent by giving them reservation)

Uneducated or lesser educated teacher.

Less salary of teachers.