中国是如何在短短7年时间里战胜贫困，将贫困率从26%降至4%的

How did China beat poverty and bring its poverty rate down from 26% to 4% in only seven years?

中国是如何在短短7年时间里战胜贫困，将贫困率从26%降至4%的？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Fu Gui

I am glad to answer this question. Sorry my English is not good.

chinese has done a lot of work to help the poor get rich. I'll give you a few examples:

我很高兴来回答这个问题。抱歉，我的英语水平有限。

中国做了很多实事来帮助穷人脱贫致富。我给你举几个例子吧：

Poverty had been common in many parts of China, because the traffic is not convenient, so the government emphasizes improving the traffic condition as the most important work. For example, in Guizhou Province, one of the poorest province in China, the local government has spent a lot of money to repair a lot of roads. In China, there is a saying, “Building roads is the first step to become rich. ”

中国有很多地区是因为交通不便而贫困，所以政府把改善交通状况作为首要工作。例如，在中国贵州省，当地政府花了很多钱来修复道路。在中国，有句话叫“要致富，先修路”。

The chinese has a great plan known as "村村通" (Every village has a highways, electric, tap water, telephone lines, etc.), Sometimes the investment may seem not worthwhile in economic point of view. I saw a news: in a small village in injiang with only one hundred poor people was asked to move out by the local government, but they don't want to. So they spend nearly one million yuan to build roads from the highways nearby to their village, and the government never asked them to move out from then.

中国有一个伟大的计划，被称为“村村通”，为每个村庄接通公路、电力、自来水、电话线等，从经济角度来看，有些投资是划不来的。我就曾看过一则新闻：新疆有一个只有100名贫困人口的小村庄，当地政府让村民们搬出去，但村民们不愿意。于是，政府花了近100万元，修了一条连接村庄和附近高速公路的道路，政府也再没有要求村民们搬走。

In some remote places, there is no electricity nor cable TV, so the chinese offers free solar cells and satellite dishes to residents.

一些偏远地区没有电，也没有有线电视，中国向当地居民提供免费的太阳能电池板和卫星天线。

The chinese has ordered communications companies to build mobile phone signal towers in remote areas regardless of financial benefits. Since these communications companies are state-owned enterprises, they have to execute orders.

中国要求通信公司不要考虑经济效益，在偏远地区建设移动电话信号塔。这些通信公司都是国有企业，所以必须无条件执行政府的命令。

In some of the rural areas in China, the government has a great plan called "New Socialist Rural Areas." Houses are built in groups and the government has paid most of the expenses, and the rest is paid by the residents themselves.

中国为了部分农村地区提出了一个伟大的计划，叫做“社会主义新农村”。村子里的房子是集体建造的，政府支付了大部分费用，居民自付剩余费用。

There is also a policy called "结队帮扶" (help the poors by collaboration), which means richer areas are assigned to poorer areas in order to help them get out of poverty. In the countryside, every official is required to help a difficult family. The job is very stressful. If his work is done badly, it will be difficult for him to advance, some of them even complain about this.

中国还有一个“结队帮扶”（协作扶贫）的政策，让较富裕的地区和较贫困的地区结对子，帮助贫困地区摆脱贫困。农村地区的党员都必须帮助困难的家庭。这份工作的压力很大。如果这个党员的工作做得不好，就很难晋升，有些人甚至会抱怨这一点。

Sometimes, government officials become a salesman to help farmers sell their products. Look at the picture below. A county market sells watermelons on the street.

有时，官员也会变身成帮助农民销售农产品的业务员。请看下图，他们在县城的街上销售西瓜。

The chinese also has a policy that sounds very interesting, called "精准扶贫" (targeted anti-poverty projects). It sounds like the policy targets poverty and “destroy” it like Tomahawk missiles.

中国还有一项政策，听起来很有趣，叫做“精准扶贫”(定向扶贫项目)。这听起来像是用政策瞄准贫困，并像战斧导弹一样“打败”贫困。

A large numbers of scientists and agricultural experts are sent to poor areas to research the local environment, figure out what is the most suitable product for them to grow, and guides the local people to grow it.

许多科学家和农业专家被派往贫困地区，研究当地的环境，寻找最适合当地种植的农产品，并指导当地人民种植。

Since 2011, the chinese has implemented the rural compulsory education student nutrition improvement program. The central government has allocated about 16 billion RMB per year to provide food subsidies for rural students. The policy benefits 26 million rural students.

自2011年起，中国还推出了农村义务教育阶段学生营养改善计划。中央政府每年拨款160亿元补贴农村学生的伙食。该政策惠及了2600万农村学子。

In the past, most rural officials did not have a high diploma. Now the chinese encourages college graduates to go to the countryside to serve as officials after graduation. They have a name called "大学生村官" (College students as rural officials).The government hopes their knowledge will help farmers become rich.

过去，大多数农村干部都没有高学历。现在，中国鼓励大学毕业生毕业后到农村去当村官。他们有一个名字，叫“大学生村官”（担任村官的大学生）。政府希望大学生们能用知识帮助农民致富。

In my hometown, poor people can apply for subsidy if his house is not safe to live in. The subsidy is between 5,000 to 20,000 RMB.

在我的家乡，如果房屋有安全隐患，贫困家庭可以申请补贴，金额在5000到20000元人民币之间。

There are still a lot of poor families in China, but we see the government trying to improve their lives. But now people have a new topic: in some areas, sympathy because of poverty, the government to give them a lot of benefits, the folk also gave them a lot of money, they don't want to change my life, too lazy to work, so that they can continue to make contributions. Such things are not uncommon.

中国现在还有很多贫困家庭，但我们也看得到中国正努力改善他们的生活。不过现在出现了一个新的话题：在某些地区，政府为贫困户提供了很多福利，民众也给了他们很多钱，但他们不想改变自己的生活，不想努力工作。这样的事情也并不少见。

Miao Master

Originally Answered: How did China beat poverty?

By hel poor people.

Poverty is actually very expensive. It's not that the rich must help the poor and therefore will become poorer, but that poor people are not participating fully in society and achieving their potential. The opportunity cost of poverty is huge.

中国是怎么解决贫困的？

通过帮助穷人。

要解决贫困，其实代价是非常高昂的。并不是说富人有义务帮助穷人，富人会因此变穷，而是说穷人没有充分参与社会，没有挖掘自己的潜力。贫困的机会成本太大了。

To that extant, the chinese has tried to address problems that cause or exacerbate poverty: gender inequality, illiteracy, lack of family planning, lack of infrastructure, lack of technical skills and expertise, lack of access to capita, lack of social security, and on and on. It didn't do all of those all at once, but gradually, persistently, continuously. It didn't take seven years, but decades. What you're seeing is the compound interest payoff of previous decades of work.

到目前为止，中国一直在努力解决导致或加剧贫困的问题：性别不平等、文盲、缺乏计划生育、缺乏基础设施、缺乏技术技能和专业知识、没有资金途径、缺乏社会保障等等。

中国也不是一下子就解决所有问题的，而是逐步地、持续地、坚持地努力。中国的努力坚持已经持续了几十年时间，远非提问中说的七年。现在你们所能看到的成果是之前几十年努力带来的复利成果。

Nathan James

How can China lift more than 800 million people out of poverty?

中国如何使8亿多人口脱贫?

All nations can elevate their population out of poverty through economic growth. It’s only a question of time.

In the case of China, time was compressed to an astonishingly short four decades (after Deng iao’s reforms in 1978) through:

所有国家都可以通过发展经济帮助民众摆脱贫困。这只是时间问题。

在中国，这个时间被压缩到短得惊人的四十年（邓是在1978年提出改革开放的），方式如下：

very effective policies of economic growth

focussed/prioritized policy on poverty alleviation

efficient execution of these policies

行之有效的经济增长政策

重点扶贫政策

政策落地，高效执行

This was possible because China’s government is a strong state firmly based on meritocracy. Within this state, China is de ocratic with a form of representative de ocracy based on elections.

中国是一个强大的国家，建立在精英统治的基础上，所以以上几点是能够做到的。

在这个国家里，中国实行以选举为基础的代议制。

Peter Banh

Work hard and live below their means and live responsibly. The big advantages that China has over Western countries are Chinese people are willing to work hard, live below their means and willing to delay instant gratification. If you look at the population, how many people in China have credit card debt while using iPhone and spending money on Starbucks daily? There aren’t many.

努力工作，量入为出，负责任地生活。与西方国家相比，中国的一大优势是中国人愿意努力工作，量入为出，也接受延迟即时满足。在中国有多少人一边背负着信用卡债务，一边用着iPhone、每天喝着星巴克？很少。

Santhakumar V

China has capitalism or market economy which creates wealth. Such an economy can reduce poverty if people have the endowments including education. The pre-reform China started investing in the education of people. It also encouraged the education of girls against the patriarchal norms that were prevailing then. Hence when China opened its economy and started benefiting from the wealth created through capitalism, most people could participate in such an economy, and gain somewhat adequately to get out of poverty. The important lesson from Chinese experience is that capitalism is good to create wealth but people need endowments (and governments should ensure this) to see that they can gain from such an economic system.

中国拥有创造财富的资本主义或市场经济。如果人们有了教育等的赋能，贫困现象就能减少。改革开放前，中国就开始为百姓普及教育。中国还鼓励女童接受教育，对抗当时盛行的重男轻女风气。

因此，当中国开放经济并开始从资本主义创造的财富中受益时，大多数人都可以参与到这样的经济中，并在一定程度上获得足够的收入来摆脱贫困。

从中国的经验中得到的重要教训是，资本主义有利于创造财富，但人们需要赋能（政府应该保障这一点），让百姓能够从这样的经济中获益。

Samuel Liu

“ poverty rate down from 26% to 4% in only seven years?”

UPDATE: April 2019: The Chinese Statistical Bureau defines poverty at 300RMB/month (US$45).

False statistics!

“7年内贫困率从26%下降到4% ?”

更新：2019年4月，中国统计局将贫困线定义为每月300元人民币(45美元)。

#1 The China Statistical Bureau uses the United Nation/World Bank definition for extreme poverty at US$1.90/day and redefines that mark as its poverty.

#2) The China Statistical Bureau readjusts and modifies already inaccurate “raw data” from lower levels of government for a lower Costs of Living.

1) 中国统计局使用联合国和世界银行对极端贫困的定义，即每天1.9美元，并将这一标准重新定义为贫困。

2) 为了降低贫困线对应的生活成本，中国统计局调整和修改了下级政府提报的本就失真的“原始数据”。

Man Kun Fong

Or a better question why China, which used to be the richest country in the world, produced one third of GDP in the whole world, has turned into ashes and became a undeveloped country unde?

我觉得应该这样问：中国曾经是世界上最富有的国家，GDP占全球三分之一，为什么现在成了一个欠发达国家？

Kevin Sun

Why has China been so successful at lifting 800 million people out of poverty?

Adopting a market economy, rather than a planing economy.

Building infrastructures to make resources and labor movable.

Establishing schools and colleges and making them accessible to the most population.

Don't get involved in a war.

为什么中国能如此成功地让8亿人脱贫?

因为中国用市场经济取代了计划经济。

中国建设基础设施，让资源和劳动力得以流动。

中国建设学校和学院，让大多数人都能接受教育。

不要卷入战争。