中国古代文明比古印度文明更发达吗

Was ancient Chinese civilization more advanced than ancient Indian civilization?

中国古代文明比古印度文明更发达吗？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Badhrinath Kannan

“Advanced” is a loaded word.

India was more advanced in science and mathematics, but China had more advanced technology and engineering.

India had more sophisticated religious and philosophical ideas, but China has a more sophisticated administration.

“发达”的意思很丰富。

印度在科学和数学方面更发达，而中国在技术和工程方面更发达。

印度有更深奥的宗教和哲学思想，而中国有更精妙的行政制度。

China was overall richer than India, but the wealth was spread much better in India (so the average Indian trader or worker or peasant would have been richer than the average Chinese equivalent, but the Chinese aristocrat or royal would have been super-rich).

Several Indian kingdoms had advanced military capabilities (for their time), but in terms of sheer scale, organization and battle strategy China was militarily more powerful because it was unified and had evolutionary continuity.

中国总体上比印度富裕，但印度的财富分配要更合理(印度的普通商人、工人或农民更为富裕，而中国的贵族则超级富有)。

几个印度王国拥有发达的军事能力(在各自的时代)，但单就规模、组织和战争艺术而言，中国更为强大，因为中国是一个统一的国家，有利于持续发展。

Essentially the two civilizations were of very different nature. India tended to be more volatile, valued novelty and was a melting pot of ideas, philosophies and movements, often changing without much warning. This meant that the country would regularly break apart into multiple kingdoms and then get re-unified as a cyclic process of renewal. China tended to be more stable, valued harmony and was a very clearly stratified society with assigned roles for different classes of people and any internal movement threatening chaos was stamped out at the earliest by the government forces whenever possible. This meant that the process of renewal in China was more one of dynastic change and they would alternate between periods of stagnation and periods of innovation.

Given such differences, it is near impossible to compare the two and pronounce any one more advanced.

从本质上讲，这两个文明有很多不同之处。印度较为动荡，求新求变，是一个思想、哲学和运动的大熔炉，经常发生出其不意的变化。

这就意味着这个国家会定期分裂成多个王国，然后分久必合，合久必分。

中国则更加稳定，重视和谐，是一个等级明确的社会，不同阶层的人有各自不同的角色。

任何可能造成混乱的运动都会被早早压下去。

这意味着中国的历史基本上是通过一个王朝代替另一个王朝，停滞和创新相互交替出现。

鉴于这些差异，我们无法对两者进行比较并决出哪个文化更先进。

Vdhay Kumar N

Originally Answered: Was ancient Chinese civilization more advanced than ancient Indian civilization ?

It's hard to answer such questions india and china both are ancient cultures and have Large history of inventions & innovations.

中国古代文明比古印度文明更发达吗？

这种问题很难回答，印度和中国都是古老的文明，有着悠久的发明和创新历史。

India did a lot on yoga, mathematics, philosophy , astronomy, medicine etc. Chinese did lots of inventions like paper, gun powder, compass etc. they have also did lots of research on indian scriptures and translations to their language and are successful in develo it to a new level. Many chinese museums have India's oldest scriptures collected by people like xuang xang etc and are restored perfectly.

Buddha was from india and Buddhism penetrated from Tib to china and Chinese have spread it entire east, kalari a form of martial art in Southern India was developed into khumfu, karate etc by Chinese.

印度在瑜伽、数学、哲学、天文学、医学等方面做出了很多贡献。中国人也贡献了很多发明，比如造纸、火药、指南针等，中国还对印度经文进行了大量研究和翻译，成功地将佛教研究提高到了新高度。中国很多博物馆都收藏着印度最古老的经文，这些经文都是玄奘等僧人搜集并修复的。

佛陀来自印度，佛教从西藏地区渗透到中国其他地区，再由中国人传播到整个东方，印度南部的一种武术形式卡拉里被中国人发展成功夫、空手道等。

Raisal Ven

Politically? China was the most advanced in the world politically, with their meritocratic system, Confucius, etc.

In terms of soft culture? Only Greece matched India, with all the religions, philosophy, debates, culture, etc.

在政治上？中国在政治方面是世界上最发达的，中国有精英制度，有孔子等等。

在文化方面？只有希腊能在宗教、哲学、辩论、文化等方面和印度匹敌。

General Knowladge Adda

It's hard to make an immediate examination between old Chinese and Indian civilizations, as the two of them had remarkable social, social, and political frameworks that grew freely. The two civic establishments made critical commitments to mankind's set of experiences, and both had times of extraordinary development and headway.

我们很难对古老的中国文明和古老的印度文明进行比较，因为它们都有举世瞩目的、自由发展的社会和政治体系。这两个古老文明对人类作出了重要的贡献，都曾有过卓越的发展和进步。

As far as mechanical advancement, old China made significant commitments in regions like horticulture, medication, and design. The Chinese created explosives, the compass, and paper, which altogether affected the world. The Chinese likewise had a high-level means of composing and writing, as well as an exceptionally evolved philosophical custom.

就机械进步而言，中国在园艺、医药和设计等领域做出过重大贡献。中国人发明了炸药、指南针和造纸术，对世界带来了重要的影响。同时中国人也拥有极高的作曲和写作造诣，在哲学思想方面也取得了极大成就。

Old India, then again, made significant commitments in regions like science, stargazing, and metallurgy. Indian mathematicians made critical revelations in regions like variable-based math and geometry, while Indian cosmologists created complex frameworks for noticing the developments of the stars and planets. Indian metallurgists were additionally known for their capacity to deliver great iron and steel.

印度则在科学、观星和冶金等领域做出了重大承诺。印度数学家在基于变量的数学和几何等领域提出了重要的发现，而印度宇宙学家为观察恒星和行星的演变提出了复杂的学术纲要。此外，印度的冶金学家有能力生产大量钢铁，举世闻名。

The two human advancements had modern social and political frameworks, with profoundly created societies and expressions. As far as monetary frameworks, old China was known for its high-level exchange and business, while old India had an exceptionally evolved arrangement of horticulture and exchange, including the renowned Silk Street exchange organization.

这两个文明都提出了现代的社会和政治框架。在金融方面，中国组织的高层次交流和商贸活动名动天下，而印度的园艺和交易非常发达，比如史上有名的丝绸街交易所。

In general, both old Chinese and Indian civilizations made significant commitments to mankind's set of experiences and were exceptionally cutting-edge for their time. While it's hard to make an immediate examination between the two, obviously both had critical accomplishments and commitments that have impacted the world in different ways.

总体而言，古老的中国文明和古老的印度文明都对人类作出了重要的贡献，都曾有过卓越的发展和进步，在当时是非常前沿的。虽然很难对两者进行比较，但很明显，他们都有重要的成就和贡献，都以不同的方式影响了世界。

Antiquated China:

古中国：

The Incomparable Mass of China: Worked over a time of over 2,000 years, the Incomparable Mass of China is one of the greatest design accomplishments in mankind's set of experiences. The wall was developed to shield China from attacking militaries and is the longest wall on the planet.

中国举世无双的规模：经过2000多年的发展，中国举世无双的规模是人类历史上最伟大的成就之一。长城是为了保护中国免受外地的进攻而建造的，是地球上长度最长的墙体。

Customary Chinese Medication: Chinese medication has been rehearsed for millennia and depends on the standards of equilibrium and concordance in the body. It incorporates practices like needle therapy, homegrown medication, and back rub, and is still generally utilized in China and all over the planet today.

传统中医：中医已经有几千年的历史了，以维持身体能量的平衡与和谐为纲要，结合了针灸、本土药物治疗和背部按摩等手法，今天在中国和世界各地仍然十分普及。

Confucianism: Confucianism is a philosophical and moral framework that was created by the Chinese thinker Confucius in the sixth century BCE. It underlines the significance of virtues, social agreement, and the significance of instruction, and self-development.

儒家思想：儒家思想是一种哲学和道德的体系，是由中国思想家孔子在公元前6世纪创立的。儒家思想重视美德、社会契约、教育和自我成长的重要性。

Antiquated India:

古印度：

The Decimal Framework: The Indian mathematician Brahmagupta imagined the decimal framework in the seventh century CE, which incorporates the idea of nothing. This framework changed arithmetic and made complex estimations a lot more straightforward.

十进制：印度数学家婆罗门笈多在公元七世纪提出了十进制设想，其中包含了“0”的概念。这个学说改变了算术，让复杂的计算变得更加简单。

Ayurvedic Medication: Ayurveda is an arrangement of medication that was created in India a long time back. It stresses the significance of equilibrium and amicability in the body and incorporates practices like natural medication, back rubs, and contemplation.

阿育吠陀疗法：阿育吠陀是印度在很久以前创立的一种医疗体系。它强调身体平衡和友善的重要性，并结合了自然药物、背部按摩和沉思等疗法。

Buddhism: Buddhism is a religion that began in old India and spread all through the world. It stresses the significance of empathy, peacefulness, and the quest for inward harmony and edification. Buddhism impacted Indian culture and lastingly affected the world.

佛教：佛教起源于古印度并传播到世界各地。它强调慈悲、宁和并追求内心平静与精神修养的重要性。佛教影响了印度文化，也为世界带来了长久的影响。

B.B Sharma

Comparing the advancement of ancient Chinese and ancient Indian civilizations is a complex task. Both civilizations made significant contributions to human history and had distinct achievements and areas of expertise. It is important to avoid oversimplification and acknowledge the complexties and diversity within each civilization.

比较中国古代文明和印度古代文明是一项复杂的任务。两个文明都对人类历史作出了重大贡献，各自拥有卓越的成就和专长。我们要承认每种文明的复杂性和多样性，不能以一概全。

Ancient Chinese Civilization: Ancient Chinese civilization, which spanned thousands of years, made remarkable advancements in various fields. Chinese engineering, as mentioned earlier, witnessed innovations such as papermaking, printing, gunpowder, compasses, and advanced shipbuilding techniques. Chinese thinkers also made significant contributions to philosophy, with Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism emerging as influential schools of thought.

中国古代文明：中国古代文明绵延了数千年，在各个领域都取得了举世瞩目的成就。如前所述，中国的工程技术带来了造纸术、印刷术、火药、指南针和先进的造船技术等创新。中国思想家也对哲学做出了重大贡献，儒家、道家和法家作为有影响力的思想流派崭露头角。

Chinese civilization developed complex administrative systems, including a highly centralized bureaucratic government. The Chinese also had notable achievements in art, literature, calligraphy, and poetry. Their agricultural practices, such as irrigation systems, rice cultivation, and sericulture (silk production), contributed to economic prosperity and cultural development.

中国文明构建了复杂的行政体系，包括高度集中的官僚政府。中国人在艺术、文学、书法和诗歌方面也取得了显著成就。中国的农业活动，如灌溉系统、水稻种植和蚕桑养殖(丝绸生产)，都为经济繁荣和文化发展做出了贡献。

Ancient Indian Civilization: Ancient Indian civilization, with a long history and diverse regional cultures, also achieved significant advancements. Indian civilization made notable contributions to mathematics, including the development of the decimal numeral system, concept of zero, and foundational work in algebra and geometry. Indian scholars produced profound philosophical systems, such as Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, which explored concepts of spirituality, ethics, and metaphysics.

古印度文明：古印度文明有着悠久的历史和多元的地域文化，也取得了巨大的进步。印度文明对数学做出了显著的贡献，提出了十进制数字系统、零的概念，以及代数和几何的基础理论。印度学者创立了深奥的哲学体系，如印度教、佛教和耆那教，探索灵性、伦理和形而上学的概念。

Indian civilization witnessed remarkable progress in literature, with notable epics like the Mahabharata and Ramayana, and the development of multiple regional languages. Art and architecture flourished, exemplified by structures like the ancient universities of Nalanda and Taxla, as well as the intricate temple architecture of sites like Khajuraho and Ellora.

印度文明在文学方面取得了非凡成就，涌现出《摩诃婆罗多》、《罗摩衍那》等著名史诗，印度还发展了多种地方语言。艺术和建筑蓬勃发展，如那烂陀和塔克西拉的古代大学，以及卡久拉霍和埃洛拉等地复杂的寺庙建筑。

India also excelled in medicine, with ancient texts like the Ayurveda providing valuable insights into health and wellness. Additionally, trade and cultural exchange flourished through the Indian Ocean maritime routes, connecting India with other parts of Asia, Africa, and the Mediterranean.

印度在医学方面也很出色，阿育吠陀等古籍为世人提供了对健康和保健的宝贵见解。此外，通过印度洋海上航线，贸易和文化交流蓬勃发展，将印度与亚洲、非洲和地中海的其他地区连接起来。

Comparing Advancements: Determining which civilization was more advanced is subjective and dependent on the specific criteria being considered. Both ancient Chinese and ancient Indian civilizations had significant achievements and made unique contributions to different aspects of human development, including philosophy, science, technology, governance, art, and literature.

比较：哪个文明更发达？这很主观，取决于各人的思维标准。中国古代文明和印度古代文明在人类发展的哲学、科学、技术、治理、艺术、文学等各个方面都取得了重大成就，作出了独特贡献。

It is crucial to recognize and appreciate the diversity and complexty of each civilization, as well as the cross-cultural exchanges and influences that shaped their development. Rather than focusing on notions of superiority or ranking, it is more valuable to understand the richness and depth of both ancient Chinese and ancient Indian civilizations and the enduring legacies they have left behind.

有一点很重要，我们要认识并欣赏每种文明的多样性和复杂性，以及促进文明发展的跨文化交流和影响。与其关注哪个文明更优越或更高级，不然深入了解中国古代文明和印度古代文明的丰富和渊博，以及他们为世界留下的璀璨持久的遗产。

Vij K

Difficult question to answer in few lines. First of all define parameters on which these two civilizations can be compared?

If we look at China n India in last 1000–2000 odd years then definitely China scores on many areas mainly dynasties/rulers tried to unify, modernize themselves and learnt art of globalization and marketing themselves in various areas.

Which is not the case with India, thousand odd kingdoms, invaders fighting expanding contracting disappearing is all our history is. Not much modern discoveries are attributed as well.

很难用短短几句话来回答这个问题。首先，先说清这两种文明的比较参数？

如果我们回顾中国和印度在过去1000-2000多年里的表现，那么中国肯定在许多领域都很出色，各王朝/统治者追求国家统一，与时俱进，学习全球艺术，并在各个领域展现自我。

印度和中国不同，印度有数千个王国，侵略者不断战斗、扩张、萎缩、消失，这就是印度的历史。现代的发现也不多。