印度人明明更穷，为什么印度汽车卖得比富裕国家还贵

Why are cars in India not cheaper compared to wealthy countries despite Indians being poorer?

印度人明明更穷，但为什么印度的汽车卖得比富裕国家还贵？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam

This may come as a surprise to you but

The Wealthier a country is - the more Items it has in its “Essentials Basket”

This means in Wealthier Countries - Items are so affordable that they are classified as Essentials which are classified as Luxuries in Poorer Countries.

这可能会让你感到惊讶，但是

一个国家越富裕，被归入“必需品”的商品就越多。

这意味着在较富裕的国家-很多商品被归类为必需品，价格就比较实惠，但这些商品在较贫穷的国家被归类为奢侈品。

Take for Example a Car

In US a Standard Car can be purchased with 6 Months Median Professional Income

In India a Standard Car can be purchased with Minimum 30 Months Median Professional Income

In Canada a standard House can be purchased with 5.5 Years of Median Income

In India a Standard House can be purchased with 16 years of Median Income

以汽车为例

在美国，6个月的中等职业收入就可以购买一辆标准汽车

在印度，至少需要30个月的中等职业收入才能购买一辆标准汽车

在加拿大，按社会平均收入计算，5.5年就能买到一栋标准房屋

在印度，中等收入水平需要16年才能买到一栋标准房屋

In India you have a Lot of Govt Expenditure to offset which you have to charge a lot of taxes causing a Manufactured Product costing Rs. 96,000/- to sell for Rs. 4,71,000/- retail and on road.

This is 500%

In US the figure is 124%

In China the figure is 330%

Even in the Prosperous China - The Costs are more expensive when compared the USA.

印度有大量的政府支出需要抵消，所以必须收取高额税收，这就导致一个成本仅为96000卢比/件的商品，零售价高达471000卢比/件。

这可是500%的价差

在美国，这个数字是124%

在中国，这个数字是330%

就连在富裕的中国，商品价格也比美国更高。

Praveen Kn

Why cars are so expensive in india as compared to US or other nations?

I worked in UAE for 4yrs. I use to own Ford Fusion 2.0L 240HP EcoBoost as below pictures. It costed me 1,15,000 AED (Rs.23,34,000) on-road includes, 1yr insurance, 1yr registration, 5yrs warranty, 3yrs service.

Same car in India shall cost Rs. 23,34,000 + 28% GST + 20% Cess + 17% Registration (Hyd >4m vehicles) + 5% insurance = Rs.43 Lacs atleast

为什么和美国或其他国家相比，印度的汽车这么贵？

我在阿联酋工作了4年，买过一辆福特Fusion 2.0L 240HP EcoBoost。这辆车的落地价格是115,000迪拉姆(2,334,000卢比)，包括1年的保险，1年的注册，5年的保修，3年的服务。

同样一辆车在印度的售价是233.4万卢比+ 28%的商品及服务税+ 20%的地方税+ 17%的注册费+ 5%的保险=至少430万卢比

Ex-Showroom price in India includes below taxes, which makes vehicles very expensive.

Cars <4-Mtrs petrol <1.2 ltr= 28%GST+1% Cess=29%

Cars <4-Mtrs diesel <1.5 ltr = 28%GST+3%Cess=31%

Cars <4-Mtrs (petrol>1.2 liter/diesel>1.5L)= 28%GST+15% Cess= 43%

Cars >4-Metres <1.5 ltr = 28%GST+15% Cess= 43%

Cars > 4 mtrs > 1.5 ltr = 28% GST +20% Cess = 48%

SUVs > 4mtrs = 28% GST+22% Cess = 50%

Hybrid Vehicles= 28% GST+15% Cess= 43%

Electric Vehicles = 5% GST

印度的展厅售价包括下列税收，所以汽车价格非常昂贵。

车长<4米，汽油排量<1.2升= 28%商品及服务税+1%地方税=29%

车长<4米，柴油排量<1.5升= 28%商品及服务税+3%地方税=31%

车长<4米，汽油排量>1.2升/柴油排量>1.5升)= 28%商品及服务税+15%地方税= 43%

车长>4米，排量<1.5升= 28%商品及服务税+15%地方税= 43%

车长>4米，排量> 1.5升= 28%商品及服务税+20%地方税 = 48%

SUV>4米= 28%商品及服务税+22%地方税 = 50%

混合动力车= 28%商品及服务税+15%地方税= 43%

电动汽车= 5%的消费税

UAE/India on-road prices:-

Honda Civic VX AMT = Rs.14 Lacs/ Rs.23 Lacs

Honda city CVT =Rs.10.5 lacs/Rs.14.5 lacs

Honda CRV 2WD = Rs.18 Lacs/Rs.33.5 lacs

Toyota Fortuner 2.7AMT= Rs.20Lacs/Rs.39 Lacs

Honda Accord AMT= Rs.21Lacs/Rs.51 lacs

Toyota Camry AMT = Rs.18Lacs/ Rs.45Lacs

Toyota Prius Hybrid= Rs.17 Lacs/ Rs.54Lacs

Toyota Yaris VX CVT= Rs.11.7 lacs/ 16.5 Lacs.

Hyundai Tucson AMT = Rs.18Lacs / Rs.26 lacs

Hyundai Elantra AMT = Rs.14 Lacs/ Rs.23.4Lacs

阿联酋/印度落地价格：

本田思域VX AMT = 140万卢比 / 230万卢比

本田城市CVT = 105万卢比 / 145万卢比

本田CRV 2WD =180万卢比 / 335万卢比

丰田福纳2.7AMT= 200万卢比 / 390万卢比

本田雅阁AMT= 210万卢比 / 510万卢比

丰田凯美瑞AMT =180万卢比 / 450万卢比

丰田普锐斯混合动力车= 170万卢比 / 540万卢比

丰田雅力士VX CVT= 117万卢比 / 165万卢比。

现代途胜AMT =180万卢比 / 260万卢比

现代伊兰特AMT = 140万卢比 / 234万卢比

UAE attracts 5% GST. Annual registration+insurance =2% of car value after depreciation. Car loan interest-rate= 5% max.

Auto companies in India are tired of requesting tax reduction in the Auto-sector, but somehow Indian govt is not consumer-friendly in case of auto taxes. Over to that our taxes per liter of petrol/diesel is around 85% to 96% on OMC price to dealer.

Toyota leading in Middle- Eastern countries. Starting models in UAE are Toyota Camry (All tax's), Chevrolet Cruze, Mazda 3, Toyota Yaris, Kia Optima, Nissan Altima, Nissan Kicks, Hyundai Elantra, Hyundai Accent, Hyundai Creta, Toyota Corolla, Toyota Yaris, Honda Civic.

阿联酋征收5%的商品及服务税。年检+保险=折旧后汽车价值的2%。汽车贷款利率最高5%。

印度的汽车企业一直要求汽车行业减税，但印度政府在汽车税方面对消费者不太友好。除此之外，我们每升汽油/柴油的税率约为交易价格的85%至96%。

丰田在中东国家的市场处于领先地位。阿联酋的入门车型是丰田凯美瑞(所有出租车)，雪佛兰科鲁兹，马自达3，丰田雅力士，起亚Optima，日产Altima，日产Kicks，现代伊兰特，现代雅绅特，现代Creta，丰田卡罗拉，丰田雅力士，本田思域。

Conclusion:

Personally, I'm against the uneven concentration of taxes in the Indian Auto sector. Tax is heavily concentrated at vehicle sales & petrol/diesel prices. It should be distributed evenly across the Auto-industry.

结论：

就我个人而言，我反对印度汽车行业税收集中不平衡的问题。税收主要集中在汽车销售和汽油/柴油价格两个方面，应该平均分散在整个汽车行业中。

18% GST shall be max. on any vehicle. 28% is too high irrespective of the car model.

As per govt., approx. loss by reducing GST to 18% is around 40,000 cr. annually. 2019–20 cars+commercial vehicle sales were 4million, which means govt. losing Rs.1 lac tax/car, but this will improve consumer saving, spending & growth-rate in other sectors. It is equivalent to pum Rs.40,000cr/annum in other sectors.

对所有车辆，商品及服务税最高应该以18%封顶，不论是什么车型，28%都实在太高了。

按照政府的说法，若商品及服务税降至18%，每年税金损失约为4000亿卢比。2019 - 2020年汽车+商用车销量为400万辆，这意味着政府每辆车要损失10万卢比的税收，但这么做可以提高消费者的储蓄、鼓励消费和其他领域的增长率。这相当于每年可以向其他行业注入4000亿卢比。

Cess shall be completely removed on vehicles. Logically “Environmental-Cess” shall be applied to fuel usage, not on devices that use them. Cess shall be paid for petrol/diesel purchases but not for vehicle purchases.

Bring petrol/diesel to 28%GST and apply environmental 10% cess. Still, the price will be less than Rs.60/ltr at $65per barrel.

Toll-charges can be increased by 10–15paisa for passenger vehicles, which is currently at around or less than Rs.1.1/km

Vehicle registration shall be locked to 12% max. Gst.

车辆的地方税应该全部废除。从逻辑上讲，“环保地方税”的对象应该针对燃料的使用，而不是使用燃料的设备。购买汽油/柴油须缴付地方税，但购买车辆则不须缴付。

对汽油/柴油征收28%的商品及服务税和10%的地方税。油价依然低于每升60卢比，每桶65美元。

客运车辆的通行过路费可以上涨10 - 15卢比，目前大约低于1.1卢比/公里

车辆登记费最高不超过12%。

New policies for ‘Ethanol-100′ Flex-fuel vehicles can be introduced, by allowing ethanol import (currently restricted). This will create new jobs, business, more tax, more forex for govt.

New policies for 100% CNG/Hybrid CNG vehicles can be introduced.

India need more “underpass or overpass interchanges” like below pics at various “traffic signal junctions” in cities to ease vehicle congestion. Majority of ‘Traffic signals’ within cities shall be replaced with interchanges.

可以出台针对“乙醇-100”灵活燃油车的新政策，允许进口乙醇(目前受到限制)。此举将创造新的就业机会、商业、提高税收、增加外汇收入。

可以出台100% CNG/混合动力CNG汽车的新政策。

印度需要多建一些“地下通道或立交桥立交桥”，就像城市的各种“交通信号路口”一样，缓解车辆拥堵。城市内的大部分“交通信号灯”应改为立交桥。

Ferit Öztünç

The cost of cars in any country depends on several factors, including manufacturing costs, import duties, taxes, transportation costs, and market demand. The pricing of cars in India is influenced by a combination of these factors, and it's not solely determined by the income levels of the population. Here are some reasons why cars in India may not be significantly cheaper compared to wealthier countries:

在任何国家，汽车成本的高低取决于几个因素，包括制造成本、进口关税、税收、运输成本和市场需求。印度的汽车定价受到这些因素的综合影响，不是只靠人口的收入水平决定。与富裕国家相比，印度的汽车可能不会大幅降价，原因有以下几点：

1. Manufacturing and Production Costs: Cars manufactured in India often have to meet quality standards and safety regulations, which can add to the production costs. Additionally, factors such as labor costs, raw material costs, and infrastructure expenses can impact the overall manufacturing costs.

1. 制造和生产成本：在印度制造的汽车必须符合质量标准和安全法规，这可能会增加生产成本。此外，劳动力成本、原材料成本和基础设施费用等因素也会影响总体制造成本。

2. Import Duties and Taxes: Imported cars in India are subject to import duties and taxes, which can significantly increase their prices. These duties are imposed to protect domestic industries, promote local manufacturing, and generate revenue for the government.

2. 进口关税和税收：印度的进口汽车需要缴纳进口关税和税收，这可能会大大抬高它们的价格。征收关税是为了保护国内产业，促进当地制造业，并为政府创造收入。

3. Transportation and Distribution Costs: The cost of transporting and distributing cars to different regions in India can be significant due to the country's vast size and diverse geographical terrain. These transportation costs can add to the final retail prices of cars.

3. 运输和配送成本：由于印度幅员辽阔，地形多变，将汽车运输和配送到不同地区，可能成本很高。这些运输成本会增加汽车的最终零售价格。

4. Market Demand and Competition: Car manufacturers operate in a competitive market, and pricing strategies are influenced by factors such as demand, market competition, and profit margins. If there is a strong demand for cars in India and a willingness to pay higher prices, manufacturers may not reduce the prices significantly.

4. 市场需求和竞争：汽车制造商在竞争激烈的市场中经营，定价策略受到需求、市场竞争和利润率等因素的影响。如果印度市场对汽车的需求强劲，印度人愿意支付更高的价格，制造商可能就不会大幅降低价格。

5. Currency Fluctuations: Exchange rate fluctuations can impact the cost of imported car components or completely built units, affecting the final price of cars in India.

5. 汇率波动：汇率波动会影响进口汽车零部件或整车成本，从而影响印度汽车的最终售价。

It's important to consider that while India has a large population with varying income levels, the purchasing power of individuals can differ significantly across the country. While the average income may be lower compared to some wealthier countries, there are still segments of the population with the purchasing power to afford cars at the prevailing prices.

重要的是我们要考虑到，虽然印度人口众多，收入水平各不相同，但全国各地的个人购买力差异很大。虽然与一些富裕国家相比，印度人的平均收入可能较低，但仍有一部分人具备较强的购买力，可以负担起现行的汽车售价。

Additionally, government policies and initiatives aimed at promoting local manufacturing, reducing emissions, or encouraging electric vehicles can also influence the pricing and affordability of cars in India.

Overall, the pricing of cars is a complex subject influenced by multiple factors, and it is not solely determined by the income levels of the population. It involves considerations such as manufacturing costs, taxes, market demand, competition, and various other economic factors.

此外，旨在促进本地制造业、减少排放或鼓励电动汽车的政府政策和举措也会影响印度汽车的定价和负担能力。

总的来说，汽车定价是一个受多种因素影响的复杂问题，不是只靠人口的收入水平决定。它涉及诸如制造成本、税收、市场需求、竞争和各种其他经济因素等考虑因素。

Deepak Kumar

taxes are very high in India for everything including car

excise on car is from 24–30 % for large and luxuru cars

gst is 28%

在印度，包括汽车在内的所有商品的税收都非常高。

大型汽车和豪华汽车的消费税为24%至30%

消费税是28%

Dave Sood

Why are cars much cheaper in the US as compared to India?

U S A is a capitalist society.