How is the railway in China different from India?

中国的铁路和印度铁路有何不同吗？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Prabhanjan Kulkarni

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Will Indian Railways ever modernize like China Railway? Why is it so horrible and outdated? When will it improve?

If you had listened to what Suresh Prabhu ji had to say you will understand why we are behind how much catch up we have to do. In his post-budget speech in  Suresh ji said china invested close to 100 billion in their railways for every year for almost a decade now. and I have made plans invest 100 billion in next 5 yr.

印度铁路会和中国铁路一样现代化吗？为什么印度火车这么可怕，这么过时？什么时候才能有所改善呢？

如果你听过苏雷什·普拉布的话，你就会明白为什么我们落后了，我们要追赶的差距太大了。苏雷什在公布年度预算后的演讲中表示，中国近十年来每年在铁路上的投资将近1000亿美元。我计划在未来5年内投资1000亿美元。

Secondly, China is an system hook and crock they will get it done nobody asks them why they are spending billions of dollars on the high-speed train.

Most importantly for them, Nation is always first then politics but in India Politics Caste and everything else comes first than Nation. Railways in India was destroyed by politics and lazy ass workers. Same workers who were running railways that were the best in Asia till 1990.

Suresh ji pulled politics out of Railways and with his skills brought much-needed capital to railways his vision in improving railways financial side is hel us. in his budget, he promised new Locos and trainset. the Alstom electric loco, GE diesel Loco and recently launched Train18 are all his efforts.

其次，中国是一个高效体制，他们会排除万难完成任务，没有人会质疑他们为什么要花数十亿美元在高铁上。

对他们来说最重要的是，国家第一，政治第二，但在印度政客眼里，种姓和其他一切都比国家来得更为重要。印度的铁路被政治和懒惰的工人摧毁了。在1990年之前，这些工人服务的可是亚洲最好的铁路。

苏雷什把政治从铁路中剥离出来，发挥他的才智为铁路带来了急需的资金，他改善铁路财政的远见帮助了我们。他在预算中承诺建造新的火车头和火车。阿尔斯通电力机车、通用电气柴油机车以及最近推出的Train18，都是他的功劳。

While Piyush is working in mission mode and has improved efficiency and safety of railways ten fold New signaling, LHB factories and few of his efforts will show the result in next year or so, this last 2 yr we hadn't had any major accidents plus push to improve the system is ongoing. if this govt stay for another term I think we can see change happening.

Bullet train will accelerate improvement in IR as well BTW first group of HSR engineers are back from their training in Japan so I hope next few years are very crucial for railways and it will decide the speed with which IR will improve.

虽然皮尤什以任务为模块进行努力，将铁路的效率和安全性提高了10倍。新的信号、LHB工厂和他的一些努力将在明年左右初见成效，但过去两年印度没有发生过任何重大事故，而且改进铁路系统的努力也一直在继续。如果这届政府继续执政，我们可以看到显著的变化。

印度高铁的发展也将提速，另外，第一批印度高铁工程师已经从日本接受完培训回国了，所以未来几年对印度铁路来说是非常关键的时间点，可以决定印度铁路的发展速度。

Rene Le'Tellier

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How successful has China's high-speed railway system been?

From a travelers point of view, it’s a fantastic way to travel. The stations are well laid out, and the trains are quite, comfortable and the service is good. I prefer travelling by HSR rather than flying in China. Although it gets massively crowded during holiday times and it’s impossible to buy a ticket, that’s just China.

中国的高铁系统有多成功？

从旅行者的角度来看，这是一种奇妙的旅行方式。车站布局合理，火车很安静舒适，服务也很好。在中国，比起坐飞机，我更喜欢坐高铁。虽然假日期间铁路系统会非常拥挤，买不到票，但这就是中国。

China is blessed with a population size that makes rail travel and investment into rail highly worthwhile, for other countries such as Australia and parts of the US it’s difficult to make the financial model work.

中国得天独厚的人口规模使得铁路旅行和铁路投资物有所值，对于澳大利亚和美国部分地区或其他国家而言，这种经济模式就很难发挥作用。

Regarding the business model:

“The Beiing-Shanghai high-speed railway has become the nation's most profitable and convenient rail project, boasting an annual profit of 6.58 billion yuan ($983.6 million), according to data released by one of its shareholders.”

商业模式：

“京沪高铁已成为全国最赚钱、最便利的铁路路线，据其股东之一公布的数据显示，京沪高铁年利润为65.8亿元人民币(9.836亿美元)。”

But, there are serious questions about corruption, Railway corruption crackdown called for. And that there is a massive debt burden. So who really knows what the balance sheet really is?

It’s a core interest for the country, although it’s management of exporting it’s services overseas have been shaky, such as the on again off again Thailand rail project Not taking no for an answer, China Railway Group says high-speed project in Thailand ‘still on’ and the US U.S. Throws China Off High-Speed Rail Project and Malaysia is mired in controversy OUTRAGE! - Najib's Secret Deal With China To Pay Off 1MDB (And Jho Low's) Debts! - SHOCK EXCLUSIVE

Perhaps, challenges of Chinese business culture and political agendas integrating with the open transparent culture of western style governance and media?

但是，铁路系统存在严重的腐败问题，反腐倡廉的呼声很高。铁路系统背负着庞大的债务负担。所以说资产负债表有多少水份，谁知道呢？

这是国家的核心利益，尽管中国出口监管和海外服务一直不太稳定，比如泰国铁路项目一直建建停停，不愿做个了断。中国铁路集团说泰国高铁项目“仍在进行”，美国把中国从高铁项目中踢出去，而马来西亚项目又陷入争议！—纳吉布和中国达成秘密交易，偿还1MDB的债务！- SHOCK独家新闻。

也许，中国商业文化和政治企图的挑战与西方风格的治理和媒体的开放透明文化相结合了？

Namakkal Raghavendran

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How can India master the management of its Railways precisely like China?

Not many people know how train travel is restricted in China. You can’t just buy a ticket and travel to any station of your choosing. At least that is what was told to me by a native Chinese who was on a visit to study our factory. This makes for comparatively much less private travel by trains. The passenger kilometers per 100000 population is one fourth that of Indian Rlys. Managing a predominantly passenger oriented system is far more complicated than where the trains are mostly freight. This is the key to their so called better operating efficiency figures. If we could also reduce the no. of passenger carrying trains to one fourth now, and concentrate on freight traffic, the Rlys. will overnight turn profitable.

印度要如何像中国一样精准掌控铁路管理？

没有多少人知道在中国搭乘火车出行是受限的。你是没办法随便买张票就去往你选定的任意车站的。这是一位来我们工厂考察的中国人跟我说的。

所以搭乘火车的私人旅行相对要少得多。每10万人的乘客公里数只有印度铁路的四分之一。

管理以客运为准的系统要比管理以货运为主的系统要复杂很多。

他们所谓的运营效率高，关键就在于此。

如果我们也能将客运列车的比例已降至四分之一，重点服务货运列车，我们立刻就能实现盈利。

Namakkal Raghavendran

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Why does India lag behind China in railways?

The facile answer by most people is “China has one rule” Then how do we explain the far better quality of life in many countries even with a robust multi party ? Even in India itself why are the southern states ahead of many states in the indices like Human Development Index, child mortality ratio etc. etc.? It all boils down to the quality and commitment of the people. If our politicians of whatever colour were really using their office for the purpose they are elected and if the people insisted on voting for really worthwhile candidates, even with de ocracy we can achieve much more.

为什么印度在铁路方面落后于中国？

大多数人的第一反应是因为中国的治理，那么我们又要如何解释许多国家的生活质量都比印度高出得多？

就以印度来说，为什么南部各邦在人类发展指数、儿童死亡率等指标上都领先于其他邦？

归根结底，这全看民众的素质水平和奉献精神。如果我们的政客，无论什么肤色，都能不忘初心，牢记参选的目的发挥自己的作用，如果人民坚定不移投票给真正一心为民的候选人，那么我们也可以通过皿煮取得更大的成就。

Nihit Goyal

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Why can't India have a fully electrified railways network, like that of China?

Well... we are under way the process..

All major routes are electrified like Mumbai- Delhi & Mumbai - Ahmedabad... Yesterday only Suresh Prabhu released a statement saying 10,000 km will be electrified this year...

为什么印度没能像中国那样拥有一个完全电气化的铁路网？

嗯…我们还在努力……

主要的线路都已经实现电气化了，比如孟买-德里和孟买-艾哈迈达巴德…昨天苏雷什·普拉布才刚发表了一份声明，称今年印度铁路将实现1万公里的电气化…

Also the issue is we are not only operating on different types of fuel but on different types of track too...

So a huge chunk of capital expenditure budget is being spent on conversion of meter gauge to broad gauge....

If the present govt is allowed to work smoothly then by 2020 all major routes should have double electrified tracks....

which it will... so just wait and watch

Also MoR is actively working on installing solar panels on rooftops of trains ....

但问题在于我们印度列车不仅使用的燃料不同，而且使用的轨道也不同。

因此，我们要消耗大量的预算支出，将原先的一米轨距改为宽轨轨距....

如果现任政府能够顺利开展工作，那么2020年之前，所有主要铁路线路就已经改成双电气化轨道了....

所以我们拭目以待吧

此外，印度铁道部还在积极努力，想在火车车顶安装太阳能电池板....

Musa Meyer

On the Indian railway, you always come across with someone , either shops at the stations or on train, selling chai and snacks with low price and you get to speak with people from all walks.

在印度的铁路上，你总能遇到一些人，不管是在站台上还是在列车上，他们会以低价叫卖印度茶和小吃，你可以和各行各业的人闲话聊天。

The Chinese railway especially the high speed one treat the passengers as a bunch of cows for a task of transportation . You don’t get to enjoy the view on road and you will suffer headaches because of air conditioning. Whenever an old lady is holding her grandson to help him defecate on the train, the smell of the shit can wake up your dizzy brain, because the air conditioning of the Chinese trains and buses are always troubling. Then no one would speak to you, instead seeing them stee the feet on a class A seat , snoring with a huge volume. Cigarettes to be found on the trains and floor with phlegm on the seats before you are about sit down. Foods are available but the prices are unfair for those items which you can always find it in 7–11.

中国的铁路，尤其是高速铁路，根本就是把乘客当作一群来运输。乘客们没办法欣赏路上的美景，还会因为空调太冷而头疼发作。只要老太太抱着孙子在火车上排便，大便的臭味就会瞬间敲醒你晕乎乎的脑袋，中国火车和公共汽车上的空调总是令人烦躁。车上也不会有人会跟你说话，你只会看到他们把脚翘在一等座，鼾声如雷。你坐下前，总会在火车和地面上发现香烟和痰渍。车上倒是可以买到吃的东西，但这些7-11里随处可见的商品一上车，价格就不知翻了几倍。

The Indian railway provide you a memorable journey . The Chinese one provide you a terrible experience without a hope of their enhancement.

印度铁路会给你带去一段难忘的旅程。中国铁路只会给你留下可怕的经历，他们也不太可能有什么改善。

Tamil Selvan

Major difference between the Chinese and Indian railways is infrastructure..

Chinese railways has more high speed tracks,electrified tracks than india..peoples there uses railway as primary transportation,so they earning 5.9 trillion while India only getting 1.68 trillion rupees…

China railways giving more employment to their citizens 2.1 million while indian railways providing only 1.331 Millon jobs.both the railways has same connectivity length of 121,000 KMS…

中国和印度铁路的主要区别在于基础设施。

中国铁路拥有更多的高铁和电气化轨道，中国人把铁路作为主要交通工具，所以他们可以赚到5.9万亿卢比，而印度只能赚到1.68万亿卢比。

中国铁路为公民提供了210万个就业机会，而印度铁路只提供了133.1万个就业机会。两国的铁路的总长度差不多，都是12.1万公里…

Min Yan

Chinese railway is much faster. I am not talking about high speed rail or bullet train because India does not have one. I am comparing the conventional rail.

In India, super fast trains are the highest category, and yet the definition is only more than 55km per hour average speed. For example, according to Rajdhani Express, the fastest average speed is at 88km per hour between Mumbai and New Delhi.

中国铁路的运行速度要快多了。我说的还不是高铁，因为印度还没有高铁。我对比的只是普通列车。

在印度，超高速列车已经是速度最快的列车了，但平均时速仅堪堪超过55公里。例如，根据Rajdhani Express的数据，孟买和新德里之间的最快时速是每小时88公里。

In China, the fastest normal (non high speed) train is Z class (nonstop express), followed by T class (express), and then K class (fast), and then some even slower classes that do not deserve letter designations. This train K1082/1083、K1084/1081 covers 4827km in 61:22 and 68:17. Even the slower version has average speed of more than 70 km per hour. This is such a long journey, and yet the average speed is faster than most of the Rajdhani trains.

而在中国，最快的普通(非高速)列车是Z型列车(直达快车)，其次是T型列车(快车)，然后是K型列车(普快)，然后才是速度更慢的列车，已经没有特别编号了。以K1082/1083、K1084/1081趟列车为例，可以分别用61:22和68:17的时长跑完4827公里的距离。就连较慢的列车，平均速度也超过了每小时70公里。这条线路距离很长，但平均时速都超过大多数Rajdhani列车。