Japan is a small country but is developed, while India not. Why?

日本虽是一个小国，但很发达，印度为什么虽然大却不发达呢？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Ambika Vijay

As an Indian living in Japan for a long time, I feel more qualified to answer this than most other Quorans who answered here.

Disclaimer : I am not fond of Japan’s actions during and before ww2, India and Japan have different histories. So I agree that both the countries can’t be compared.

So, I am going to compare an average Indian and an average Japanese.

作为一个在日本生活了很长时间的印度人，我觉得我比回帖的大多数quora人更有资格回答这个问题。

免责声明：我不喜欢日本在二战期间和战前的行为，印度和日本有着完全不同的历史。所以我也认为这两个国家无法比较。

所以，我要比较的是普通印度人和普通日本人。

I am going to list out some of the great qualities an average Japanese has - which can be emulated by Indians for the betterment of our society.

I feel the following qualities of the Japanese people make them a “truly developed and civilized society “

我会列出普通日本人拥有的一些出色品质，印度人可以向他们学习，改善我们的社会。

我觉得日本人的素质造就了他们“发达和文明的社会”。

Punctuality :

The Japanese are very punctual:

The entire system is so punctual that, it feels surreal.I have never met a Japanese who was late for a meeting. When I say meeting it could be just for a coffee or hanging out with friends and family.

守时：

日本人非常守时。

整个社会体系都非常守时，让人有一种超现实的感觉。我从未见过约会迟到的日本人。我说的约会，可能只是喝杯咖啡或者跟朋友和家人一起出去玩。

Offices expect people to be on time all the time!!!

Late coming is almost a crime.

When a train is delayed in Japan, the staff at each station where a delayed train stops will distribute a 電車遅延証明書 (densha chien shoumeisho) or train delay certificate which can be given to a boss, a teacher, school administrator, or other person in charge as an acceptable reason for being late.

公司希望员工天天准时上班！！

迟到几乎等同于犯罪。

日本的火车晚点时，每一站的工作人员都会发放火车晚点证明，作为出示给老板、老师、学校管理人员或其他负责人的迟到证明。

Honesty :

An average Japanese is more honest than an average Indian.

Corruption in India is a result of widespread dishonesty in a society. An Indian would have at some point of time come across corruption in India.

There is this huge “Bribe culture” - most Indians would like to buy their way out.

诚实：

普通日本人比普通印度人更诚实。

印度的腐败就是社会作假风气的结果。每个印度人都会遇到印度的腐败现象。

印度有严重的“贿赂文化”—大多数印度人都想走捷径。

“India has the highest overall bribery rate (39%) and the highest rate of citizens using personal connections (46%), following India, Indonesia and China have the second and third highest rates of people using personal connections with 36% and 32% respectively.” says the report titled “Global Corruption Barometer”

一份名为《全球腐败晴雨表》的报告称：“印度的总体贿赂率最高(39%)，公民走关系的比例最高(46%)，紧随印度的是印度尼西亚和中国，走关系的比例分别为36%和32%，位居第二和第三。”

Corruption in Japan : Normal Japanese population would never come across corruption in their life.

Corruption occurs in higher levels of administration. Generally the bureaucracy is smooth and people friendly.

I could go to a government office in japan, get things done in a jiffy. I can never expect the same in India. In fact going to a government office to get some work done gives me anxety.

日本的腐败：普通日本人在他们的生活中不会遇到腐败。

腐败往往发生在高级行政部门。总的来说，政府机构通达，日本人也很友好。

我去日本的政府办公室马上把事情办好。但在印度我是不敢指望能快速办好事情的。事实上，一想到要去政府办公室办事，我就感到焦虑。

Hard work :

Japanese are extremely sincere and hardworking.

Tokyo after WW2 : reduced to a rubble :

Japanese talk less, boast less and work more.

努力工作：

日本人非常真诚和勤奋。

二战后的东京：沦为一片废墟；

日本人少说话，少吹牛，多工作。

Unnecessary chatter and useless talks in offices are frowned upon.

I have to mention that there is bad side to this work culture : this has resulted in a toxc workaholic culture - long hours are expected, you can’t leave the office until your boss has left.

Kee the bad side of the work culture aside. It is this hardworking and sincere nature of Japanese people, which resulted in building a reputation for their country.

办公室里不必要的闲聊和废话是不受欢迎的。

但是这种工作文化也有不好的一面：它催生了工作狂文化—加班成了理所应当的事，老板不走你也不能回家。

但除了工作文化中不好的一面，正是这种勤劳和真诚的品格，为日本赢得了良好的声誉。

Perfection :

Japanese are so perfect! It reflects in everything they do :

They form neat queues on both sides of the train door and wait for the passengers to disembark and then proceed to embark the trains.

They follow the “queue culture “ even during adversity:

People queuing up to get Relief (food and water ) after the 2011 tsunami:

完美主义：

日本人太完美了！这反映在他们做的每件事上：

他们会在车门两侧整齐地排队，等待车内乘客下车后再上车。

即使发生灾难，他们也还是遵循“排队文化”；

2011年海啸过后，日本人排队领取救济品(食物和水)。

They even meticulously sort the garbage :

If you forget to remove the cap of the bottle and try to throw the plastic bottle in the can meant for it, some old Obaasan might come give you some piece of her mind :-)

他们甚至一丝不苟地对垃圾进行分类：

如果你忘了拧开瓶盖，把塑料瓶扔进垃圾箱，一些老奶奶就会来给你一些建议。

Etiquettes:

The Japanese have etiquettes for everything :

Train Etiquettes:

No one talks on phones on the train : you will get some stern “looks” if you do.

The reason : The Japanese feel that public space must be respected and talking on phone can cause inconvenience to fellow passengers.

礼仪：

日本人凡事都讲究礼仪：

火车礼仪：

没有人会在火车上打电话：如果你这样做，你会遭白眼的。

这是因为日本人认为大家都必须尊重公共空间，打电话会给其他乘客带来不便。

Escalator Etiquettes:

Standing on one side of the escalator, leaving one side free for people to walk.

Restaurant etiquettes:

Japanese sincerely follow some table manners unique to Japan, even young children can be seen diligently following these manners.

Cleaning your plate down to the last grain of rice is taken very seriously, they don’t like to see food wasted. If you can’t eat much, you don’t ask for more, if you ask for more, you are expected to finish it.

自动扶梯礼仪：

站在扶梯的一侧，留出另一侧供人们行走。

餐饮礼仪：

日本人认真遵循着一些日本特有的餐桌礼仪，年幼的孩子也会努力遵循这些礼仪。

吃光自己盘子里的米饭是非常严肃的事，他们不喜欢看到食物被浪费。如果你吃不了太多，你就别多要，如果你要了就必须吃完。

Endurance and swiftness :

During times of adversity and calamities,

Japanese engineers and workers scramble to fix things to make people’s lives normal again.

A quality we miss in India and a pothole takes for ever to be fixed.

忍耐力、效率高：

发生灾难时，

日本工程师和工人会争先恐后地抢救设备，让人们的生活早点恢复正常。

我们印度就急缺这种品质，一个坑洞永远也修不完。

Politeness, Respecting elderly and disabled :

Japanese are extremely polite. They use polite language called Keigo, for all formal interactions.

Respecting the elderly and disabled :

Japan goes out of it’s way to assist the elderly and disabled.

India could learn a thing or two.

礼貌，尊重老人和残疾人：

日本人非常有礼貌。在正式场合中他们都会使用敬语。

尊重长者及残疾人士：

日本不遗余力地帮助老年人和残疾人。

印度可以多学学。

Advancements alone can’t make us truly developed.

True Development comes with Self discipline.

A nation which lacks self-discipline can never call itself truly developed, even if it achieves economic prosperity.

进步本身并不能让我们取得真正的发展。

真正的发展来自自律。

一个缺乏自律的国家，即使实现了经济繁荣，也不能称之为真正的发达国家。

Tim Copper

Country small and big that's doesn't matter main matter is how countries people are united, how people think and care their country and how their govt focus edcation,infrastructure, science, technology, research and development this make countries development.

You forget that small country like british colonized to India over 200 year because India so much divided and india less technology and weapon advanced then british empire.

国家大小并不重要，重要的是国家人民是否团结，人们有没有思考和关心自己的国家，政府是否关注教育、基础设施、科学、技术、研究和发展，这些才是推动国家发展的要素。

你忘了吗，英国这样的小国竟然殖民了印度200多年，因为印度太分裂了如同一盘散沙，印度的科技和武器也不如大英帝国先进。

Sayan Mukherjee

Japan produces a lot. From beer to pumps to giant wind turbines to precision electronics. That's the deal though. The Indians haven't innovated in a long time.

We find the cheapest way to do something or try to make an expensive process or service cheap. This outsourcing game will end up being a race to the bottom.

日本的制造业很发达。从啤酒到水泵，从巨型风力涡轮机到精密电子产品。而印度人已经很长时间都没有创新了。

我们总是寻找最便宜的方式，或者总想把昂贵的加工或服务变得便宜。这种外包游戏最后就变成了恶性竞价。

All the states are giving EV subsidies while we are facing regular power cuts everyday.

This is before we get to red tape, corruption, no consumer protection. India has a lot of money. It's being looted or squandered by politicians who are busy building family dynasties.

印度所有邦都在补贴电动汽车，但印度每天都要停电。

更别提还有官僚习气、贪污腐败、缺乏消费者保护等问题了。印度是有很多钱，但都被忙于建立家族王朝的政客们洗劫或浪费了。

Shubham Setu

The reason is very simple,it might not sound polite to some people but the truth is upbringing and culture(not pointing to religion) matters,Indians lag behind not because they are mentally retarded or because we don't have education facilities etc etc,we are still a develo nation because of our chalta h attitude,our tardy discipline,our anti business mindset and in some cases our laziness ,I am not stereoty Indians but majority of Indians suffer from these personality traits which drag us down on the other hand Japanese people are culturally very disciplined, hardworking and polite,these are traits they get through their upbringing and culture where these traits are rewarded,we should learn some good things from the Japanese if we want to play catch up

原因很简单,有些人可能觉得听起来不是很有礼貌，但事实就在于教育和文化(不是指宗教),印度落后,不是因为印度人智力低下，或者因为印度没有教育设施等等，我们现在还是发展中国家

因为我们的“没关系”态度,我们的散漫纪律，我们的反商业心态和我们的懒惰成性。

我不是要给印度人制造刻板印象，但多数印度人都深受这些性格特征的拖累。

而另一方面，日本人在文化上非常自律、勤奋、有礼貌，这些都是他们在成长和文化中习得的品质，这些品质得到了嘉奖，如果我们想赶上日本人，就应该从日本人身上学习这些好的品质。

Ainkya Mate

It has a lot to do with the resources and technology they had, and how well they have utilized it. Japan faced incredible odds as it kept growing. Most of the country is mountainous, while only a few coastal areas and valleys support decently sized cities. Hence, that pushed them to optimize their resources, and has led to a high rate of urbanization relative to India. There is a direct correlation between urbanization and human development.

这与他们拥有的资源和技术以及他们如何加以利用有很大关系。日本在不断发展的过程中也面临过天大的困难。日本大部分地区都是山区，只有少数沿海地区和山谷支撑着规模适中的城市。因此日本人必须优化资源，所以日本的城市化比例要高于印度。城市化与人类发展之间有着直接的联系。

Additionally, Japan has built great social and political systems. They invest heavily in education, healthcare, and infrastructure. Their society emphasizes cleanliness and orderliness. The systems are well-designed, and unlike India, corruption is very little. Although Japan is more of a social control society unlike most of the Western World, it happens to be the safest country on earth by most measures.

此外，日本建立了伟大的社会和政治制度。他们在教育、医疗和基础设施方面投入巨资。他们的社会崇尚整洁和秩序。这些制度设计精良，而且不像印度，日本的腐败现象很少。和大多数西方国家不同，日本更像是一个受控制的社会，但从大多数方面来看，日本也是地球上最安全的国家。

Balachandran Krishnamoorty

Development depends upon entrepreneurship of the investing class and skill, dedication and intelligent work of the working class. Japan is blessed with both.

发展取决于投资阶层的企业家精神和工人阶层的技能、奉献和才干。日本在这两方面都很幸运。

Techno-entrepreneurs like Akio Morita (Sony), Konasuke Matsushita (Panasonic) , Kiichiri Toyoda (Toyota) and Soiichiro Honda (Honda) took Japanese industry to unimaginable heights. The hard working workers contributed in no small measure through initiatives such as Kaizan.

像盛田昭夫(索尼)、松下康介(松下)、丰田喜一里(丰田)和本田宗一郎(本田)这样的科技企业家将日本工业带到了不可思议的高度。勤劳的工人们也做出了不小的贡献。

Most of all, the Japanese people were not dependent upon the government for investment and employment. The private sector took care of it unlike in the case of India where people are dependent upon the government for everything.

最重要的是，日本人在投资和就业方面并不依赖政府。日本的私营企业十分活跃，但印度人事事都依赖政府。