India has been receiving huge investments since Mr. Modi took over as the PM. How do these countries (Australia, Japan, Korea) benefit from investing here? Why would a developed country invest a billion dollars in a develo country like India?

自莫迪就任总理以来，印度获得了巨额投资。澳大利亚、日本、韩国等国在印度投资有什么好处？发达国家为什么要向印度这样的发展中国家投资10亿美元之多？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Dr. Balaji Viswanathan

If you are a construction company, would you put money in a place where 100 people are looking to buy new homes or put where no one is looking to buy homes? Of course, the former.

Developed world is saturated and there is not as much need there. Underdeveloped world is too poor to afford a lot of infrastructure.

如果你是一家建筑公司，你会把钱放在有100个购房者的地方，还是放在没有购房者的地方？当然是前者了。

发达国家的市场已经饱和，需求没有那么大了。而欠发达国家太穷，没有钱大量建设基础设施。

This leaves India in a sweet spot for a variety of industries. If a property developer invests money to build a home and handover the keys, you get happiness [new home] and he gets happiness [$$]. This is the exact same relationship between countries. Both benefit from such investments. That is the bedrock of capitalism.

In the next 30 years, 300 million Indians would climb up to the middle class. That is equivalent to the whole population of the United States. 300 million Americans buy a few trillion dollars worth of stuff every year. This 300 million newly rich Indians are also expected to match up to the same.

所以印度对各行各业而言都是最好的市场。如果一个房地产开发商投资建房，把钥匙交给你，你得到的是幸福(新房)，他得到的是幸福(利润)。国与国之间的关系也是如此。两国都会从这种投资中受益。这是zb主义的基石。

在接下来的30年里，3亿印度人将跻身中产阶级。这几乎等同于整个美国的人口，3亿美国人每年会购买价值几万亿美元的商品。这3亿印度新富也有望达到同样的水平。

These 300 million people are going to build new homes as they probably live in shanties now. That is about 100 million new homes. Assuming that an average home costs $100,000 [₹60 lakh], we are talking about total purchase of $10 trillion dollars in housing & real estate. A few of that trillions would go into sectors like cement, steel, glass, furniture etc. Australia, Japan and South Korea have huge companies in infrastructure and mining.

An average middle class person in the west consumes about 8000 kWh per year. Multiply by 300 million and you get 2400 tWh. That is nearly America's electricity production and you would need trillions of dollars in power infrastructure.

这3亿印度新富要建造新房，因为他们现在可能住的是棚户区，这大约能带来1亿套新房的需求。假设一套房子的平均价格为10万美元(600万卢比)，总额将达到10万亿美元。这数万亿美元中有一部分会流入水泥、钢铁、玻璃、家具等行业。澳大利亚、日本和韩国在基础设施和矿业领域都有大公司。

西方中产阶级的人均年用电量约为8000千瓦时，乘以3亿，那就是2400太瓦时。这几乎等同于美国全国的总发电量，所以会需要数万亿美元的电力基础设施。

These 300 million people might buy 1 car per family. These 100 million cars is a nightmare for Indian policymakers, but a bonanza for the auto manufacturers. Assuming an average car is priced at $5000, we are looking at a $500 billion in total car purchases. To support these 100 million new cars, India would spend 100s of billion dollars in road building, bridges and tunnels.

An average middle class family in the US spends about $1000 on healthcare per month [for insurance, medications etc]. India might not be far behind. Even taking a fourth of that would mean the new annual healthcare expenses in private sector is order of $300 billion.

These 300 million people who demand quality schools and colleges. How many good schools and colleges do we have? The admission into IITs, IIMs and AIIMs number in a few 1000s, while we are talking about a number 5 orders of magnitude bigger. That means an exploding education industry.

I can keep adding trillions of dollars in various other sectors including food, clothing & apparel, entertainment etc. We are talking in colossal numbers here [$1 trillion = ₹63 lakh crores].

这3亿印度新富可能每个家庭都会购买一辆车。这1亿辆汽车对印度的政策制定者来说是一场噩梦，但对汽车制造商来说却是一笔泼天的财富。假设一辆汽车的平均价格为5000美元，这些汽车的总销售额将达到5000亿美元。为了让这1亿辆新车顺利上路，印度要在道路建设、桥梁和隧道上投入数千亿美元。

美国中产阶级家庭平均每月在医疗保健(保险、药物等)上花费约1000美元。印度可能也不会差太多。就算只有这一数字的四分之一，也意味着每年新增的医疗费用将达到3000亿美元左右。

这3亿印度新富需要高质量的学校和大学。我们现在有多少好学校和大学？印度理工学院、印度管理学院和印度理工学院的录取人数只有区区几千人，而我们将面对的是5个数量级的数字，这意味着教育行业将面临爆发式的发展。

其他各个行业都能新增数万亿美元的投入，包括食品、服装、娱乐等。我们谈论的可是巨额数字(1万亿美元= 63万亿卢比)。

Dr. Balaji Viswanathan

Related

What does a country get when it invests in an another country? What is Japan getting when it invests 30 billion in India?

一个国家在另一个国家投资能得到什么？日本在印度投资300亿美元能得到什么？

Profit.

What do I get for investing in Google stock? Profits [hopefully]. Every investor hopes to get returns for his/her investment. If there are ventures that can make profits, there is enough money to get into it. In fact, when Google went for their IPO, investors practically begged the company to take their money.

利润。

我买入谷歌股票得到了什么？利润(希望能赚到钱)。每个投资者都希望自己的投资获得回报。如果有能够盈利的企业，就会有足够的资金买入。事实上，谷歌首次公开募股时，投资者求着谷歌接受他们的资金。

Japanese companies don't have a lot of room to invest home. Interest rates are almost zero and efficiencies are very high. There are not a lot of low hanging fruits for the entrepreneurs squeeze profit from. Consumer spending is relatively low. They need to find ventures to multiply their idle money. India is an ideal place for it, if we can offer the right opportunities.

日本企业在本国投资的空间并不大，利率几乎为零，可供企业家轻松赚取的利润并不多。消费支出低迷不振。日本企业需要寻找风险投资来增加闲置资金。如果我们能提供合适的机会，印度是一个理想的地方。

Ashutosh Minz

Simple reason Compounding. Do you know how much time will it take to double your money if it is earning a compound interest of 15%? Approxmately five years. Did you know that India’s Nifty( National Stock Exchange Index) has given more than 15% returns in the last 1 year. In the last 5 years the Nifty-50 index has grown at a CAGR of 11.3%.

There is a simple rule to know how much time it will take to double your money. It’s called the rule of 72. You just need to divide 72 by the annual rate of returns to find out the approxmate time. For example at 10% , it would take approx 7.2 years to double your money.

原因很简单，复利。如果复利是15%，你知道多长时间就能让你的钱翻倍吗？大约五年。你知道吗，印度的Nifty(国家证券交易所指数)过去一年的回报率超过15%。在过去的5年里，Nifty-50指数一直以11.3%的复合年增长率在增长。

有一个简单的算法可以让你知道多长时间能让资金翻倍，这就是所谓的72法则。你只需要用72除以年收益率就能求出大概的时间。例如，在10%的利率下，大约需要7.2年的时间才能使你的钱翻一番。

In the developed countries the economy has stagnated and markets hardly give a return of more than 2–3%. At 2%, it would take 36 years to double an investors money. Now what if he could double his money in only 5–7 years by investing in a rapidly growing economy. Of course his money will be subject to exchange rate risks but the upside is just too good to miss and he can take his money out any time he wants by investing as an FII(Foreign Institutional Investor).

Another important point is that in developed countries the interest rates are low, which translates to investors getting money at a cheaper rate than a develo country. This means that an investor in a developed country can borrow money cheaply in his own country and invest in a rapidly growing develo economy like India to earn high returns. It’s a win win for the investor.

a。按2%的利率计算，需要36年才能使投资者的资金翻倍。现在，如果投资者把钱投资到一个快速增长的经济体，只需5-7年就能实现翻番，那会怎么样？当然，他的钱会受到汇率波动的影响，但上行空间实在太诱人了，不容错过，他可以随时通过境外机构投资者的身份进行投资。

另外还有重要的一点，发达国家的利率很低，这意味着投资者能以比发展中国家更低的利率获得资金。这意味着一个发达国家的投资者可以在自己的国家以低成本借钱，然后投资于像印度这样快速增长的发展中经济体，获得高回报。这对投资者来说是双赢。

Anil Choudhari

Originally Answered: Why will a foreign country tend to invest a billion dollars in a develo country like India?

Due to following reasons.

为什么外国愿意在印度这样的发展中国家投资10亿美元？

由于以下原因：

1. With  Billion population (roughly one sixth of the world), India is a huge untapped market. This means huge increase in sales for their products and services and therefore good profits even after paying taxes.

2. With aggressive economic policy adopted by Modi Government, it promises one of the highest growth at 8-9% YOY in GDP during next 2-3 decades. This will mean increase in per capita income from today's level of 1800 USD / year  to say 4 times over next 3 decades. This will directly reflect in 4 times increased in consumption.

1. 印度有十几亿人口，是一个待开发的庞大市场。这意味着他们的产品和服务的销售额能得到大幅提高，即使扣除纳税也能获得丰厚的利润。

2. 莫迪政府采取积极的经济政策，承诺在未来20 - 30年里保持8-9%的GDP年增长率。这意味着在未来30年里，人均收入将增加4倍。这会直接反映在消费上，实现4倍的增长。

3. India is today a low labour cost country with huge demographic advantage with 65% of total population below 35 years. This puts it at huge advantage for producing cheaper products for the global market. With increased labour cost, China is no more competing with India here. This will help improve profitability for foreign investors.

4. India has ready pool of executives and technocrats. It however requires technology for sale of export worthy products. This will be brought in by foreign companies.

3. 今天的印度是一个劳动力成本低廉的国家，拥有巨大的人口优势，总人口的65%在35岁以下。这使它在为全球市场生产更便宜的产品方面具有巨大的优势。随着劳动力成本的增加，中国不再与印度竞争。这将有助于提高外国投资者的盈利能力。

4.  印度有现成的高管和技术官僚。但是，出口产品的销售需要技术。这将由外国公司带来。

5. India's banking sector is fairly mature and transparent with respect to supply, products and reach.

6. Foreign investors are waiting for the important bills like land acquisition (required badly for infrastructure improvement), VAT (simplified tax regime) to get cleared.

5. 印度银行业在供应、产品和覆盖范围方面相当成熟和透明。

6. 外国投资者正在等待重要的法案，如土地征用(基础设施的改善急需土地征用法)、增值税(简化税收制度)等得到批准。

7. Other concern of the FDI- investors is improvement in "ease of doing business"- today low at 136. Government has initiated steps in this direction.

8. Today's foreign investment is primarily due to positive sentiments created mainly by dynamism of Mr. Modi and single party getting majority in Lok-sabha. It remains to be seen how fast Government decisions, culminate in to quick actions in our de ocratic set up.

7. 外国直接投资投资者的另一个担忧是“营商便利度”的改善，目前这一指标降至了136。政府已开始朝这个方向努力了。

8. 今天的外国投资主要是由于莫迪先生的推动和单一政党在人民院获得多数席位所创造的乐观情绪。在我们的皿煮体制中，政府的决策能以多快的速度采取行动还有待观察。

Balaji

It's not just Modi, Its entire India. Though Modi fuels up the spirit of capitalism in recent times, we're slowly graduating to the youngest country in the world. If things progress as per plot, India would be the youngest country in the world

不仅仅是莫迪，整个印度都是如此。虽然莫迪最近点燃了资 本主义精神，但我们正在慢慢地走向世界上最年轻的国家。如果一切进展顺利，印度将成为世界上最年轻的国家。

So, consider the market size and potential which just opened the global arm only couple of decades back, ton of market potential to exploit when coupled with young population, isn't it?

所以，考虑到几十年前刚刚打开全球分支的市场规模和潜力，再加上年轻人口，有大量的市场潜力可供开发，不是吗？