为何中国人的个人生产力比印度人高

How are the Chinese individually more productive than Indians?

为何中国人的个人生产力比印度人高？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Dr. Balaji Viswanathan

If you take an educated Chinese person and an equivalent educated Indian person, their productivity levels are likely to be the same.

However, overall Indian productivity levels are lower because:

A sizeable portion of our population have not finished schooling or done skill development in a formal way.

We don’t have as many cities and as many economic opportunities.

Given our poor infrastructure those of us in Indian cities spend more time traveling.

We are fixng these things. Hopefully in a couple of decades we can catch up.

如果你拿一个受过教育的中国人和一个受过同等教育的印度人来说，他们的生产力水平可能是一样的。

但印度的整体生产力水平较低，因为：

印度有一大部分人口没有完成学校教育或正式获得技能培训。

印度没有那么多的城市，也没有那么多的经济机会。

考虑到印度落后的基础设施，印度城市居民出行需要花费更多的时间。

我们正在解决这些问题。希望在几十年内我们能迎头赶上。

Kuntal Sarma

In terms of working hours, Indians work longer hours than the Chinese, as per this OECD survey.

就工作时间而言，根据经合组织的调查，印度人的工作时间比中国人长。

However, number of working hours doesn’t account to productivity. A very high percentage of Indian labor force is engaged in the rudimentary agricultural sector.

For Eg, if a peasant spends 9 hours harvesting potatoes, cleaning them and packing them in sacks, he will at most collect 20Kg potatoes, which is worth Rs 400 in the retail market.

但工作时长并不能说明生产力。很多印度劳动力依然在从事基础农业耕种。

例如，如果一个农民花9个小时收割土豆，清洗土豆，然后打包装袋，他最多只能收集到20公斤土豆，在零售市场上价值400卢比。

In China, the manufacturing sector employs highest no of people.

Eg, a Chinese factory worker in a LCD Tv manufacturing unit produces multiple Tv sets per employee in a 8 hrs working day. These TVs are exported all over the world and sold for average Rs 25000 per set.

Similarly, the productivity of 1 working hour of an employee in Apple’s research & development center Germany is probably worth an entire week for a Chinese worker in an Iphone assembling facility in Beiing.

而在中国，工厂吸收了最多的劳动力。

例如，一家液晶电视制造工厂的中国工人在每个工作日的8小时内每人可以生产多台电视机。这些电视出口到世界各地，平均每台售价25000卢比。

同样，在苹果位于德国的研发中心内，一名员工工作1小时的生产力，可能相当于北京Iphone组装厂一名中国工人一周的生产力。

Sree V

I am not sure how one can compare the Productivity at Individual level in the present Tech age

Chinese, as individuals and as Enterprises (micro, small, medium , and of course large enterprises ) build the Eco-systems on the principle of Productivity

我不确定如何在当今这个科技时代对比个人生产力

中国人，无论是个人还是企业(微型、小型、中型，当然还有大型企业)，都是以生产力为原则构建生态系统的

So even a small machine shop goes in for CNC machines, mechanised handling

They adapt to new technologies very fast

They think of viable volumes

They think of robust processes

They don’t believe in too many layers of monitoring

They appreciate the value of time and commitment

因此，即使是小型机加工车间也会引入数控机床，进行机械化加工

他们学习新技术的速度非常快

他们考虑的是可行的产量

他们考虑的是稳健的发展

他们不喜欢过度监控

他们重视时间和承诺的价值

In India , Productivity is a choice - should invest in modernisation, new technologies , training , the pleasure of cutting corners , quality vs cost , managers wanting their levers of controls , bureaucracy wanting their survival etc

In China , at Individual level and in Enterprise , Productivity is not a choice ( with very few exceptions) , it is survival of the most Productive

但在印度，生产力只是一种选择—应该投资于现代化、新技术、技能培训、偷工减料的乐趣、质量与成本、控制欲极强的管理者、狮子大张口的官僚机构等等

在中国，无论是在个人层面还是在企业层面，生产力都不是一种选择(除了极少数例外)，而是适者生存，不适者出局。

Icha Bucha

I have to agree that Chinese and China as a whole is more productive than Indians and India. In my perspective, China and India are two kids, China with strict parents, strict schooling, strict schedules, etc. India with happy parents, just optional schooling, easy going life, no care live today attitude, etc.

When you put people under strict supervision and schedule obviously their productivity reaches a good level (not 100%, of course). When you leave people as they wish, they tend to be happier than productive that is the difference between Chinese and Indians.

我不得不承认，作为一个整体时，中国人比印度人更有生产力。在我看来，中国和印度就是两个孩子，中国有严格的父母，严格的学校教育，严格的作息时间等等。而印度有开朗的父母，可有可无的学校教育，轻松的生活，无忧无虑的生活态度等等。

当你把人们置于严格的监督和时间表之下时，他们的生产力显然会达到一个较高的水平(当然不可能达到100%)。当你让人们随心所欲时，他们往往会更快乐，而非更有效率，这就是中国人和印度人的区别。

When you take a step ahead and look at Indians abroad, say the USA. They are equally productive like Chinese, if not more productive. The reason is abroad will be a restricted, conducive and disciplined environment. My take is Indians are productive but not in India (few exceptions apply).

如果你向前迈出一步，看看海外的印度人，比如美国。他们的生产力和中国人一样高。原因在于，国外也是一个约束的、有利的、有纪律的环境。我认为印度人是有生产力的，但不在印度(也有少量例外)。

India as a parent is realizing this and fixng things.

Improving education improves productivity.

Creating jobs, businesses, improvising agriculture, etc. improves productivity.

Improving infrastructure improves productivity.

印度作为一个家长也开始意识到这一点并努力解决这个问题。

改善教育可以提高生产力。

创造就业机会、商业、改良农业等都能提高生产力。

改善基础设施也有助于提高生产力。

Soon things will be fixed, there are kids who grow without restrictions turn out into spoiled brats. I do not think India or Indians will be a spoiled brat. I think people are buckling up now, getting ready to be productive and willing to develop.

A kid who lived his life and learning to be productive in his adulthood will always be happier than a kid who had so many restrictions and being productive forcefully? Well, that’s a debatable question :)

事情很快就能解决了，有些放养长大的孩子被宠坏了。印度和印度人不会变成被宠坏的孩子。印度人现在正慢慢振作起来，准备提高生产力，也愿意发展进步。

一个安排好自己的生活，成年后学会如何提高生产力的孩子，会比一个从小任人摆布、被迫具备较高生产力的孩子更快乐吗？这是一个有争议的问题:)

Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam

Is it because Chinese are more intelligent than Indians that China develops faster than India?

My son used to tell me when he used to do MS in the US about the difference between Indian Students and the Chinese students

The Chinese spend all their time in understanding the fundamentals. Without understanding the basic fundamentals, they dont take the next step. They are much slower in the begng and take a long time to understand the very basics of any principle, and then slowly they evolve their understanding.

是不是因为中国人比印度人更聪明，所以中国发展得比印度快？

当我儿子在美国读硕士时，曾跟我说过印度学生和中国学生之间的区别

中国人把所有的时间都用在理解基本原理上。如果没搞清基本原理，他们不会进入下一个缓解。他们一开始的学习速度会比印度学生慢得多，要花很长时间才能搞清楚原理，然后他们慢慢地总结出自己的理解。

Once they have done so - any way any question is twisted - they can handle it because they understand the underlying concept.

That is why they are so good in Engineering especially in Civil Engineering or Mechanical Engineering

Meanwhile the Indians would rather spend time to work out the basics and practice more questions and work harder. The Average Indian would prefer solving problems and learning from the solutions and evolving their understanding

然后—其实所有问题都是触类旁通—他们就都游刃有余了，因为他们知道题目后隐藏的考点。

所以他们非常擅长工程类学科，尤其是土木工程或机械工程

但印度人则宁愿花时间实践基础知识，解决更多问题。普通印度人更喜欢解决问题，从中学习，并不断加深自己的理解。

This means they cannot handle u turn s in questions and falter

However this also means they are pretty good when it comes to Business Studies or MBA or Business management which is all about evolving on the spot and learning through similar solutions

The Ideal company would be one where the Research work was done by the Chinese and the Marketing and Business Strategy done by the Indians. It would mint money.

这意味着印度学生在遇到拐个弯的问题时就束手无策了。

不过这也意味着他们在商业研究或MBA或商业管理方面会有出色表现，这些领域都需要现场发挥，都是通过案例进行学习。

在一家理想的公司中，应该把研究工作交由中国人完成，把市场营销和商业战略交由印度人完成。这绝对会是一棵摇钱树。

Random Mandalorian

What is the difference between Chinese and Indian mentality?

中国人和印度人的心态有什么不同?

Here’s something interesting i noticed in schools in Malaysia. The top scorers for Biology and Physics are normally Indians, while the top scorers for maths and Chemistry are normally Chinese. This pattern becomes very apparent when it comes to Maths and Biology. Chinese are methodical and logical, with a focused approach to things that allows them an edge in subjects like Mathematics. Indians are curious, more emotional, with a more diverse scientific mindset. This is according to what i’ve observed. The questions in Malaysian Biology tend to be highly subjective, with varied answers. Here, Indians shine. The same thing applies to Physics as well. Where the answers are wide and diverse, Indians effectively take over. Where there is a methodology and set answering scheme, Chinese dominate. Hence their genius in Chemistry and Mathematics. Of course, this is a generalised observation, and therefore needs verification. It is also based on a select Indian-Chinese community in Malaysia.

我要分享一下马来西亚的学校里发生的有趣之事。

生物和物理学科的高分学生通常都是印度人，而数学和化学学科的高分学生通常都是中国人。

只要涉及到数学和生物，这种规律就非常明显。中国人做事有条理、逻辑清楚，做事专注，所以在数学等学科上具有优势。

印度人好奇，感性，拥有更多元的科学思维。马来西亚的生物考题往往出得很主观，答案很开放，印度学生因此大放异彩。

物理学也是一样的道理。在开放性问题的学科领域，印度人具有绝对优势。

在有方法可循、答案固定的学科领域，中国人占主导地位。所以他们在化学和数学上极具天赋。当然，这只是一个粗略的观察，还需要进一步验证。

Top 5

Are Chinese in general more hard-working and disciplined than Indians?

Yes they are, as i am an Indian Indonesian i have few Chinese friends and some of them are my best buddies. My bud is always hardworking and he is always focused and straight. On the other hand the Indians talk too much and waste a lot of time on talking. Indian people are never disciplined. Indians like to brag their knowledge more than the Chinese. Chinese talk less and do more but the Indians are the opposite. In Indonesia most of the business is run by Chinese and many big entrepreneurs are Chinese not Indians. So I conclude at the last Chinese are better than Indians. Cheers

中国人总体上比印度人更勤奋、更自律吗？

是的，我是印裔印尼人，我有几个中国朋友，其中就有我最好的朋友。

我的朋友总是很努力，十分专注、勇往直前。

相较之下，印度人总是夸夸其谈，浪费了很多时间。

印度人一点都不自律。印度人比中国人更喜欢吹嘘自己的本事。

中国人总是少说多做，印度人则恰恰相反。

在印度尼西亚，大多数企业都是中国人经营的，很多大企业家都是中国人，而非印度人。

所以我的结论是中国人比印度人优秀。

Richard Li

Why do the Chinese work so hard? Is their work ethic from their culture?

Part cultural, part necessity.

Chinese culture values hard work. Career is routinely placed as top priority in traditional Chinese family. The saying goes ‘Build a good career, then a family’.

Financial security (which is provided by a career) is the foundation of raising a family.

为什么中国人工作这么努力？他们的职业道德也是源于他们的文化吗？

一部分是因为文化，一部分是因为需要。

中国文化崇尚努力勤奋。在传统的中国家庭中，事业通常都被放在第一位。俗话说“先有好的事业，才有好的家庭”。

经济保障是养家糊口的基础。

When the society runs like this, even if you want to slack off a bit, you can’t afford to because those who places career first will surge ahead and leave you in the dust.

I used to help a Chinese business couple to setup a business in Australia. My job was to take them around different wholesalers and interpret for them. They didn’t understand that Aussies no matter social circumstance, don’t work on the weekend. Whenever they need something, they would wechat their factory floor in China and get a response in seconds, no matter time of the day.

在这样的社会里，就算你想懈怠也不敢放松，因为那些把事业放在第一位的人会一马当先，把你远远甩在后面。

我曾经帮一对中国夫妇在澳大利亚创业。我的工作是带他们见不同的批发商，并为他们翻译。他们不明白，澳大利亚人不论何时周末都不工作。他们可以随时通过微信联系他们在中国的工厂，几秒钟内就能得到回复，无论什么时候。

I recall a wholesaler was asking for a slight change in spec of a particular line of product and was ho for a sample made in that spec. They messaged their factory floor manager 11 pm that night after the wife worked out a plan, and next morning the samples were already on the way to Sydney via DHL.

They had to, if they don’t, the competitor will and they will lose out a big contract.

我记得有个批发商要求对某个系列的产品规格做一点改动，并希望看看样品。当晚11点，他的妻子给工厂经理发了信息，第二天早上，样品就已经通过DHL寄往悉尼了。

他们必须这么做，如果他们不做，竞争对手就会取而代之，他们就会失去一份大合同。