How did China surpass South Korea and Japanese firms to become the leader in display panel manufacturing industry?

中国是如何超越韩国和日本成为显示面板制造业的领导者的？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam

In 1983, China had picture tubes made locally and also picture tubes imported from Japan for their State manufactured TV brands

The Japanese imports were top class and the Chinese Picture Tubes were low low quality

Chinese families would save longer to buy Japanese and scoff at the Chinese product

So the Chinese Party members advised to close down the Chinese factory making picture tubes and negotiate with Japan on reducing prices of imports

1983年，中国的国产电视品牌使用了国产的显像管和日本进口的显像管。

日本进口的显像管品质一流，中国的显像管质量不佳。

中国家庭更愿意多花时间攒点钱来购买日本电视，瞧不上国产货。

所以有的党员建议关闭国产显像管工厂，和日本谈判，压低进口显像管的价格。

Deng said they had to better the production of Picture Tubes and match Japanese Quality and beat it

The Chinese party members reacted like how most Indians like Balaji Viswanathan and friends would react

They said

We have to be Practical

We are an Agrarian Country

We have so many poor people

We can't compare ourselves with Japan

中国必须提高国产显像管的质量，赶超并最终碾压日本产品。

有些党员的反应就像大多数印度人一样，比如巴拉吉·维斯瓦纳坦和他的朋友们

他们说

我们必须实事求是

我们是农业国家

我们有这么多穷人

我们没法和日本比

Luckily Deng had power and commanded what he wanted and weeded out most people and retained only those he felt could carry out his vision

He initiated a program and got thousands of locals making picture tubes and electronics

The machinery was first imported from Japan

Then he got thousands of locals to make machines that could make components on a large scale

幸运的是，邓有权力，他下定决心，力排众议，集结了可以跟他共同奋斗的人。

他启动了一个项目来生产显像管和电子产品

这些机器设备最初是从日本进口的

他又开始制造可以大规模制造零部件的机器设备

Lowest Quality

Do you know what he did with them?

He destroyed them!!!!!!

Yes

He would make the components and flood warehouse and inventories with these inferior components and ultimately destroy most of them

He paid these locals from Government money

His most famous analogy in China is called the Hot water analogy

To get hot water from a heater, you have to open the tap and let some cold water flow out first

品质太差

你知道他是怎么处理的吗？

他下令销毁！！！

没错

他组织生产零部件，劣质零部件堆满仓库，最终大部分零部件都被销毁了。

他有一句用热水做的比喻，十分有名。

想要热水器里的热水，必须先打开水龙头，让冷水流一些出来。

Slowly as time passed, a few locals made electronics better and better and better

They made the machinery better

They made the equipment better

Two beneficiaries of this program were later to become Huawei and Lenovo who dominate the world or have reached global standards today

随着时间的推移，中国人的电子产品做得越来越好。

机器也做得越来越好。

设备也做得越来越好。

这一计划的两个受益厂商就是后来的华为和联想，如今他们是世界一流厂商，他们就是现在的全球标准。

This since has become China's answer to eventual domination in any field

Step One — Establish a supply Chain albeit of lowest quality ,throw away the products or destroy them but keep manufacturing

Step Two — Filter out the low quality manufacturers and retain the better ones and incentivise them more

Step Three — Scale and Commercialize to a level where your price is a third of any competitor

Its why the West is so scared of giving China the slightest edge in AI or Quantum Computing or Advanced Robotics

这就是中国在各个领域称霸的方式

第一步—打造供应链，先从低质量起步制造，销毁掉劣质产品但继续尝试

第二步—淘汰掉质量不过关的制造商，留下更好的制造商，给予更多的支持帮扶

第三步—开始形成规模和商业生产，把价格将至竞争对手的三分之一

所以西方非常害怕在人工智能、量子计算或先进机器人方面给中国留下任何可乘之机。

Anuparna Paul

China surpassed South Korea and Japanese firms to become the leader in display panel manufacturing industry through a combination of factors, including:

中国超越韩国和日本公司成为显示面板制造业的领导者，这是通过一系列因素实现的，包括:

Government support: The chinese has provided significant financial support to the display panel manufacturing industry, including subsidies, tax breaks, and loans. This has helped Chinese companies to invest in new technology and to expand their production capacity.

Low labor costs: China has some of the lowest labor costs in the world, which has made it a very attractive place for display panel manufacturing. This has allowed Chinese companies to offer lower prices than their competitors in South Korea and Japan.

政府的支持：中国为显示面板制造业提供了大量的财政支持，包括补贴、税收减免和贷款，这有助于中国企业投资新技术，扩大产能。

劳动力成本低：中国是世界上劳动力成本最低的国家之一，让中国变成一个非常有吸引力的显示面板制造地区，中国企业因此能够提供比韩国和日本竞争对手更低的价格。

Access to technology: China has been able to acquire technology from South Korea and Japan through a variety of means, including joint ventures, licensing agreements, and the theft of intellectual property. This has helped Chinese companies to catch up to their competitors in terms of technology.

Demand: The demand for display panels has been growing rapidly in recent years, driven by the increasing popularity of smartphones, tablets, and other electronic devices. This demand has benefited Chinese companies, as they have been able to sell more display panels than their competitors.

获取技术：中国能够通过合资企业、许可协议和窃取知识产权等多种方式从韩国和日本获取技术。中国企业得以在技术方面赶上了竞争对手。

需求：近年来，受智能手机、平板电脑和其他电子设备日益普及的推动，显示面板的需求一直在快速增长。这种需求让中国公司受益，能够比竞争对手销售更多的显示屏。

As a result of these factors, Chinese companies have become the dominant players in the display panel manufacturing industry. In 2021, China accounted for 67% of the global market for display panels, while South Korea and Japan accounted for 23% and 8%, respectively.

It is important to note that China's dominance in the display panel manufacturing industry is not guaranteed to last forever. South Korea and Japan are still major players in the industry, and they are investing heavily in new technology. If they are able to catch up to China in terms of technology, they could regain their market share.

However, for the time being, China is the clear leader in the display panel manufacturing industry. This is a major achievement for China, and it is a sign of the country's growing technological prowess.

因为这些因素，中国公司成长为显示面板制造业的主要生产国。2021年，中国占到全球显示面板市场的67%，韩国和日本分别占23%和8%。

值得注意的是，中国在显示面板制造业的主导地位无法永远持续。韩国和日本也依然是该行业的主要生产国，它们也在大力投资新技术。如果他们能够在技术方面赶上中国，可能会重新获得市场份额。

不过就目前而言，中国是显示面板制造业的引领者。这是中国取得的一项重大成就，也是中国科技实力不断增强的标志。

Tofu Dofu2

easy…

there are couple reasons as to why China has surpassed South Korea and Japanese firms to be the leader in manufacturing industry..

1.4 billion work force

Cheap labor in comparison to Japan and Korea

and easier access to raw materials, plus lower overall cost to purchase said raw materials.

容易……

中国超过韩国和日本成为制造业的引领者，有以下几个原因：

14亿劳动力人口。

与日本和韩国相比，中国拥有廉价的劳动力。

原材料方便易得，采购成本低。

In terms of manufacturing, its no surprise since China is widely and largely considered to be the worlds factory… However with that said, when it comes to innovation (at least in terms of display technologies), I believe they are still behind South Korea and Japan.

This is why when you go to any store to shop for TV’s, the leading innovators are either from Samsung, Sony, LG, Panasonic, and Sharp..

Manufacturing is one thing, Innovation is another… but yes… from a logistics standpoint, China is prime to take over the manufacturing industry due to its work force size and its relatively cost competitive work force.

中国被誉为世界工厂，因此在制造业领域不足为奇…但如果谈到创新(至少在显示技术方面)，我相信中国现在仍然落后于韩国和日本。

所以当你去商店购买电视机时，最新的技术往往都是三星，索尼，LG，松下和夏普的。

制造是一回事，但创新是另一回事，但从物流的角度来看，中国确实是制造业的最佳选择，因为中国拥有庞大的劳动力规模和极具竞争力的人力成本。

Hidesato Sakakibara

They didn't.

Japan is very active in China and in fact many Chinese goods are in fact Chinese-Japanese goods.

In addition, Japan decided in the 1990s not go all out into consumer electronics because we knew that it would be too hotly contested in the future. South Korea today is finding this out.

他们还没有。

日本在中国积极投资建厂，所以其实有很多中国商品都是中日合资的。

此外，日本在20世纪90年代就决定了，不会全力以赴发展电子产品领域，因为我们知道未来这一领域的竞争会十分惨烈。韩国如今开始意识到这一点了。

Hiroyuki Kitagawa

Mostly because the lack of countrol over the currency that made it to go down to 75 yens per dollar. That was enough for the companies to no longer be profitable.

In Taiwan there were also a leak of technology of chip manufacturing.

Apple also managed better to sell their iPad and iPhones.

Use of modular chip that enabled technology to be easily copied.

Lack of people who can sell the product overseas.

Migration of Japanese engineers for better salary abroad.

No availability of operating system and lack of computer programmers.

主要原因是因为对日元缺乏控制，导致日元兑美元汇率跌至75日元兑1美元。这些日本电子企业无法继续盈利。

台湾地区也发生了芯片制造技术泄密事件。

苹果的iPad和iPhone也加强了管理。

模块化芯片的使用，使得技术可以更容易被复制。

我们缺乏能把产品销售到海外的人。

日本工程师为了更高的收入移居国外。

缺乏操作系统和计算机程序员。

Ed Tsoi

To certain extent, both China and Japan follow the free marketing policy. Korean government had a different way to encourage their corporates to compete in the world class level. Their policy was to be more favourable to the chosen ones and let them acquire, merge with the smaller corporats. Not to say there were bribery involved. The most typical example was during the economic crisis back in 1988. The government selectively helped some and abandoned others.

中国和日本在一定程度上都遵循自由市场政策。韩国政府也通过其他方法鼓励企业参与世界竞争。他们的政策是把资源倾斜给被选中的企业，让它们收购、合并较小的公司，这个过程必然也涉及行贿受贿等问题。最典型的例子是1988年的经济危机期间，韩国政府有选择性地帮助了一些企业，也抛弃了另一些企业。

Im Yang Gyoon

This is because you don't know Korea.

There are many other companies in Korea besides Samsung and LG.

Samsung and LG are not exporting Corona virus diagnostic kits now.

There are some automobile companies called Hyundai and Kia, and there are also companies that make airplanes and Aegis fleet ships.

There are many pharmaceutical companies that make excellent drugs.

If you look at it with interest, you can find more Korean companies that you thought were Japanese or Chinese.

这是因为你不了解韩国。

在韩国，除了三星、LG之外，还有其他很多企业。

韩国有一些汽车企业，比如现代和起亚，也有一些公司制造飞机和宙斯盾舰队。

韩国有许多制药企业生产优秀的药物。

如果你有兴趣深入研究，你会发现许多你误以为属于日本或中国的韩国企业。

Mitsu Hadeishi

Related

Is South Korea underrated when compared to Japan and China?

As a Japanese-American I would say Korea is skyrocketing in prominence worldwide right now. It was certainly true fifteen, maybe even ten years ago that Korea was underrated; but these days I think Korea has really come into its own on the world stage. It has the biggest popular cultural impact of East Asian nations right now, in music, film, and even TV; there are sections on streaming services devoted to Korean dramas. It’s swiftly becoming seen as a worthy rival to Japan and China and in some ways the perception of Korea has surpassed those two.

与日本和中国相比，韩国被低估了吗？

作为一个日本裔美国人，我想说，韩国的全球地位现在正在飙升。十五年前，或者十年前，韩国确实被低估了；但如今，韩国在世界舞台上拥有了一席之地。韩国在音乐、电影甚至电视领域对东亚国家的流行文化影响巨大；有些流媒体专门介绍韩剧。韩国被视为日本和中国的有力对手，在某种程度上，人们认为韩国已经超过了中国和日本。

I am pained however to see all the current conflict between Japan and Korea right now. It is in Japan’s interests to ally with Korea, but I’m not sure the government there realizes this. I hope the strife can be resolved soon.

但我为日本和韩国现在的摩擦感到痛苦。和韩国结盟符合日本的利益，但我不确定他们是否已经意识到这一点了。我希望两国的纷争能尽快平息。

Evar Dion

Related

Is South Korea overtaking Japan in technology?

South Korea (technologically speaking) is growing much faster than Japan.

Internet speeds on average are faster in South Korea than Japan.

Free wifi is on average more reliable and easier to access in Japan than Korea (due to the crazy telco laws they have in Korea)

韩国在技术领域正在赶超日本吗？

韩国(从技术上讲)的增长速度比日本快得多。

韩国的网速也比日本快。

平均而言，日本的免费wifi比韩国更安全，更容易连接(因为韩国的电信法律太严苛了)。