China’s solar exports booming, up 64% in 2022 despite global trade tensions

尽管全球贸易局势紧张，中国的太阳能出口仍蓬勃发展，2022年实现了64%的增长

China’s solar exports grew 64% to US$52 billion in 2022 despite global trade tensions, according to latest analysis from Wood Mackenzie.

"Trade tensions have taken a back seat to high power prices driven by the energy crisis, and this is causing consumers and developers from around the world to buy more solar panels from China,” said Alex Whitworth, research director from Wood Mackenzie. 

根据伍德麦肯兹的最新分析，尽管全球贸易局势紧张，但中国2022年的太阳能出口增长了64%，达到520亿美元。

伍德麦肯兹研究主管亚历克斯•惠特沃斯表示：“能源危机推动电价飙升，各国只能将贸易紧张局势搁置一边，消费者和开发商从中国购买了更多太阳能电池板。”

China’s exports were mainly dominated by modules in 2022 – Europe remained the country’s top solar module export market with 56% share, according to Wood Mackenzie findings. But solar cells saw more than 100% growth as the global PV market expanded, with Southeast Asia taking 31% share of China’s solar cell exports. US tariffs on Chinese-made modules have driven module production to Southeast Asia, where many manufacturing facilities import cells from China.

根据伍德麦肯兹的调查结果，2022年中国的出口主要以组件为主—欧洲仍然是中国最大的太阳能组件出口市场，占56%的份额。但随着全球光伏市场的扩大，太阳能电池的增长超过了100%，东南亚占中国太阳能电池出口的31%。美国对中国制造的组件征收关税，组件生产已逐步转移至东南亚，当地许多制造工厂从中国进口电池。

Chinese modules kept their cost-competitiveness against other markets in 2022 and were up to 57% cheaper than US and EU produced modules. This price gap was mainly driven by material cost, where China holds the advantage due to low energy costs, scale advantages and government support, whereas US and EU solar module manufacturing is not competitive without subsidies.

2022年，中国组件保持了相对于其他市场的成本竞争力，比美国和欧盟生产的组件便宜57%。这种价格差距主要是由材料成本造成的，中国由于能源成本低、规模优势和政府扶持而占据优势，而美国和欧盟的太阳能组件制造一旦没有补贴就丧失了竞争力。

China’s PV manufacturing is expanding to capture global markets

In addition to domestic supply needs, Chinese export capacity for upstream wafers and cells will grow to more than 230 gigawatts (GW) in 2026, more than sufficient to meet global market demand outside China of 170GW by that year. China’s PV industry is highly profitable and is re-investing profits to expand domestic capacity, while also attracting new investors.

中国的光伏制造业不断扩张，抢占全球市场

除了国内供应需求外，中国上游晶圆和电池的出口能力将在2026年增长到230千兆瓦以上，足以满足当年中国以外的全球市场的总需求170千兆瓦。中国的光伏产业利润丰厚，正在将利润再投资于扩大国内产能，同时也吸引了新的投资者。

以下是美国reddit网友的评论：

Devourer_of_felines

If Chinese solar module exports help wean the world off of their dependence on middle eastern and Russian hydrocarbons, well that’s a net positive.

如果中国的太阳能组件出口有助于世界摆脱对中东和俄罗斯的碳氢化合物的依赖，那么这就是好事。

Addahn

There are a lot of areas where China can be criticized and called out, but, in general, I would say their green energy policy is pretty admirable. That isn’t to say there aren’t problems huge with it, but in terms of cutting down emissions China has taken a lot of the right steps.

中国在很多方面确实该受批评，但总体而言，我认为中国的绿色能源政策十分出色。我并不是说中国没有大问题，但在节能减排方面，中国已经采取了许多正确的步骤。

Different-Rip-2787

That was 2022. The first 5 months of this year, solar panel exports jumped another 39% relative to the same period last year.

那都是2022年的事了。今年前5个月，太阳能电池板出口同比增长了39%。

marshallannes123

Europe needs to replace Russian energy

欧洲需要寻找俄罗斯能源的替代品

Slouchingtowardsbeth

This post would be better without the partisanship you unnecessarily injected.

如果不带上你这种无谓的党派偏见，这篇文章就更好了。

lvl1creepjack

Facts are facts. These articles are important to give perspective as to where the challenges are for the West in key green tech like solar and EVs.

事实不容辩驳。这些文章很重要，可以让我们直面西方在太阳能和电动汽车等关键绿色科技领域面临的挑战。

Different-Rip-2787

This sub would be better without the incessant China hate too, but here we are.

如果没有一味的反华情绪就更好了，但这就是我们。

Slouchingtowardsbeth

I agree with you. Less hate on China as well would make this a better place.

我同意你的看法。减少对中国的仇恨也会让这个地方变得更好。

Humacti

Shame they don't use more of it rather than building coal plants.

遗憾的是，他们自己没有多用点太阳能，反而修建了燃煤电厂。

dandaman910

They are. China added 44.8 gw of power just in the last quarter of this year. That's a 153% year on year increase. Up from 64.3% last year.

确实。仅在今年最后一个季度，中国就新增了44.8千兆瓦的电力，同比增长153%。高于去年的64.3%。

dandaman910

No matter what you've heard sar energy is exploding in China much more than anywhere else.

不管你听到的是什么版本，中国的能源发展比其他任何国家都要快多了。

Humacti

And are still building ever more coal plants, thus shame they don't use more of it.

他们还在不断修建燃煤电厂，所以他们自己没有用太阳能，实在让人遗憾。

Ulyks

If I understand it correctly the newly approved coal plants were a reaction to the sudden shortages of hydropower after last summers droughts. In other words, they would only be activated in case of a looming power shortage and not run all year long.

如果我没理解错，新批准的燃煤电厂是因为去年夏季干旱后发生水电短缺而采取的弥补手段。换句话说，它们只会在电力短缺迫在眉睫的情况下启用，不会全年运行。

Humacti

Seems doubtful, consider the expense building (possibly maintaining), and staffing cost for something that would get, supposedly, temporarily used. Plus, where do the majority of staff go when not in use?

有点令人生疑，考虑到建造(也许是维护)和用工的成本，难道会只是短暂启用吗？另外，停产的时候大多数员工要如何安置？

Ulyks

Coal plants are very sturdy and low maintenance technology.

They do take some time to heat up but weather forecasts allow for relatively good estimates of when to expect a hydropower shortage.

煤电厂非常坚固、维护技术也不高。

它们确实需要一些时间来加热，但天气预报可以相对准确地估计出何时会出现水电短缺。

Diligent_Percentage8

I can understand why they don’t use more, things like ram up production and the fact no sun=no power x how good are your batteries. But they could be pushing more to nuclear as a holdover instead.

我能理解为什么他们太阳能用得不够多，比如提高产量，比如客观事实：没有太阳=没有电力，比如电池够不够好。但他们可能会把更多的精力放在核能上。

RevolutionarySoil11

They build for energy security and reliablility. Unlike the EU where they build for green utopia. It's ironic how the tables have turned in some respects.

他们修建煤电厂是为了保障能源的安全和可靠。不像欧盟，他们打造了绿色乌托邦。在形势发生逆转时，就变得非常讽刺。

Kopfballer

They are giving us the solar moduls below their own manufacturing costs. Actually that is a good thing.

Imagine if the arabs sold us crude oil for $10 instead of $90.

他们提供给我们的太阳能组件低于制造成本。这其实是一件好事。

想象一下，如果阿拉伯人把价值90美元的石油以10美元卖给我们。

Different-Rip-2787

Got any evidence for that claim?

这种说法有证据吗?

Kopfballer

Maybe the individual companies don't sell below their cost, but if you factor in subsidies, of course the price is way below the costs.

也许个别公司的售价不会低于成本，但如果你把补贴算进去，价格肯定会远远低于成本。

Kopfballer

Why do you think that basically every country / economic zone is either having or preparing anti-dum rules against china's pv industry? And that's not just western countries.

为什么你觉得每个国家/经济区都在制定或筹划针对中国光伏产业的反倾销规则？这可不仅是西方国家的做法。

Different-Rip-2787

Actually the current excuse is that the Chinese allegedly using forced labor , and not that they are dum. The EU ended their anti-dum tariff scheme 5 years ago.

西方国家现在找了新借口—中国据称在奴役工人，已经不说他们倾销的事了。欧盟5年前就终止了反倾销关税计划。

Different-Rip-2787

But to answer your question- yeah, all these countries are butthurt because Chinese imports stomped their domestic solar panel makers. So they are all resorting to protectionism.

对于你的问题—是的，这些国家都因为中国的进口太阳能电池板冲击了他们本国的太阳能电池板制造商而愤慨不已。所以他们都搬出了保护主义的大旗。

meridian_smith

This is good. We need to get off Russian and Saudi Petro energy asap. Cleaner energy independence is where it's at.

这很好。我们必须尽快摆脱俄罗斯和沙特的石油能源，实现清洁能源的独立。

MarcoGWR

Get off from Russia, and turn to its ally China?

摆脱俄罗斯，然后转向俄罗斯的盟友中国？

Adventurous-Kale6577

Solar electricity surely gonna help Germany get cheap heating in winter /s

太阳能发电肯定会帮助德国在冬天获得便宜的暖气供应。

Different-Rip-2787

It'll simply cause more pollution in China

Still living in 2013? China has reduced air pollution nearly as much in seven years as the US did in three decades.

这只会在中国造成更多的污染。

你还活在2013年吗？中国在7年内减少的空气污染几乎相当于美国在30年内减少的总量。

Both-Locksmith3700

"Chinese made materials".

Welcome to the world, Different Rip where different components are made in different places. It's quite common.

“中国制造的材料”。

欢迎来到地球，我们地球人在不同的地方生产不同的部件，这太正常不过了。

Both-Locksmith3700

Just taking the Huawei route. Undercut everyone with explicit or implicit government subsidies. You shouldn't really support this as it keeps Chinese - especially the rural 40% almost as poor as some African countries.

他们用显性或隐性的政府补贴损害所有人。你不该支持这种做法的，因为这让中国人—尤其是40%的农村人口几乎和部分非洲国家一样贫困。