Why is India still a develo country?

印度为什么至今还是发展中国家？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Raul Burns

5 reasons why India is still a develo country.

印度至今还是发展中国家的5个原因。

1 CORRUPTION : - Corruption leads to an increase in the transaction cost. Corruption also decreases the efficiency and does not allow the development of a healthy market. Corruption is a big hurdle in the growth of the country. Due to corruption foreign investors show lack of interest in doing business in India. Scams are unearthed every now and then in our country. These scams are impacting FDI inflow.

India must show zero tolerance towards corruption, bribery and social evils. Every Indian must understand his or her responsibility towards nation. No one should look for an easy way and must stand against bribery.

1 腐败：腐败会导致交易成本增加，也会降低效率，不利于健康市场的发展。腐败是印度发展的一大障碍。由于腐败，外国投资者也没有兴趣在印度做生意。印度的诈骗也很猖獗，影响了外国直接投资的流入。

印度必须对腐败、贿赂和社会邪恶采取零容忍态度。每个印度人都必须明白自己对国家担负的责任，不要只想着走捷径，必须反对贿赂。

Caught by a traffic cop? Give him a 100 Rupee note, he will oblige.

Want to process your file first in a Government organization? Just wink at the babu and pass on the money from below the table.

Roads in India have a life of just about 5 years, whereas roads built in developed countries last for about 20 years. Why? Because the contractor uses cheap material and fills up his pocket.

被交警抓了？给他塞一张100卢比的钞票，他就会网开一面。

想让政府机构优先处理你的申请？只要对官老爷眨眨眼，从桌子底下把钱递过去就行了。

印度的公路寿命只有5年左右，而发达国家的公路寿命约为20年。为什么？因为承包商会偷偷换用便宜的材料，中饱私囊。

2 INTERNAL COMMOTION :- Though we are a country that speaks over 20 different languages, we are not united on a single language. Migration between states becomes more difficult that migrating to a different country. A person coming from a nearby state is often treated as a foreigner to their “land”.

内乱：印度是一个20多种不同语言通行的国家，但我们并没有一种统一的语言。和跨国移民相比，国内移居更难。隔壁邦的人也总被本地人视为外国人。

During the early days of Independent India, there were some “initiatives” to make Hindi the common language of India. Somehow, it has not got widespread acceptance at least in the Southern states. Singapore’s Lee Kuan Yew was brilliant. Though the country had predominantly higher Chinese population, he did not force the others to learn Chinese. Instead all of them learnt English and accepted English as the link language. But unfortunately it did not happen like that in India. Hindi, which was spoken only in three states (UP, MP and Haryana) was imposed on the remaining 22 states just because Jawaharlal Nehru was from UP. As a result, till date, we fight among states owing to lack of unity. To this date, the central govt is pushing everyone to learn this language by various means. For example, to enter politics, it’s mandatory to know Hindi. To ace the IAS, it’s mandatory to know Hindi and so on. This has only incited a feeling of hatred and not unity as the govt expected it to be.

印度独立之初，有人提议把印地语定为印度的国家语言，但没能得到广泛的支持，至少在南部各邦至今如此。

新加坡的李光耀就很厉害。虽然新加坡的华人占主导地位，但他没有强迫其他族裔学习中文。相反，新加坡人全都学习英语，把英语作为桥梁语言。

但印度不是这样。印度只有三个邦(北方邦、中央邦和哈里亚纳邦)说印地语，但因为贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁来自北方邦，所以在剩下22个邦强制推行。

由于缺乏团结，我们印度内讧不断。到目前为止，中央政府正在通过各种方式推动每个人学习印地语。

例如，想要进入政界，印地语就是前提条件。要想在IAS考试中取得好成绩，也必须掌握印地语等等。但这么做只会激起反感，不会如政府所期望的实现民族大团结。

3 HIGH ECONOMY INEQUALITY :- Maharashtra boasts that it’s the richest state in India in terms of GDP per capita. But I doubt that. If we ask Ambani’s family, Salman Khan and Sachin Tendulkar to migrate to Bihar, then probably Bihar could become the richest state. According to World bank, anyone living with less than 2US$ a day is deemed to be struck with poverty and according to that statistics, over 80% (or approxmately 800 million) people live with income of < ₹100 a day. What did the government do to uplift them? I fear none. But, Yes, it did one smart Math. According to India, anyone earning less that 0.4$ a day (₹15 a day) is deemed to be poverty struck and by this figure, only 30% of Indians are poor. This 0.4$ is calculated using nominal GDP by India. But owing to very high inflation nominal GDP figures is often misleading. In fact India is third richest (richer than Japan) country in terms of nominal GDP which shows the extent of misleads nominal GDP can have.

3 .经济严重不平等：马哈拉施特拉邦吹嘘自己是印度人均GDP最富有的邦。但我对此表示怀疑。如果我们要求安巴尼的家人、萨尔曼·汗和萨钦·坦杜尔卡移居比哈尔邦，那么比哈尔邦也可能会成为最富有的邦。

根据世界银行的数据，日生活费低于2美元的人就是贫困人口，根据该统计数据，超过80%(或大约8亿)的印度人每天的收入低于100卢比。政府采取过措施来改善吗？恐怕毫无作为。

但是，印度政府玩了一把数学游戏。根据印度的统计方法，每天收入低于0.4美元(15卢比)的人才是贫困人口，根据这个数字，只有30%的印度人是贫困人口。

而这0.4美元是印度用名义GDP计算的。但由于通胀非常高，名义GDP数据的误导性很强。

事实上，如果按照名义GDP来计算，印度是全球第三富有的国家(比日本还富有)，这充分说明了名义GDP的误导性非常大。

4 LACK OF LITERACY AND KNOWLEDGE:- When Kerala has a whop 100% literacy, other states should learn from it and try to implement a similar system in their state. But our tendency is, “Why should we imitate that puny little state? My state is great.”

5 NO CLEANLINESS :- People eat ghutka, tobacco and spit wherever they want. People pee at any place they find suitable. Every locality has a garbage heap dumped somewhere. People are so smart, they will always throw garbage outside the garbage bin, and never inside it. Littering is built into Indian citizens. Little children throw chocolate wrappers on the road. People eat banana and throw its skin on the road.

There are multiple other reasons for why India is still a develo country. However the major contributors are listed above.

4. 识字率低下：喀拉拉邦的识字率达到了100%，其他邦应该好好学习，在自己邦内实施类似的举措。但我们想的却是“我们为什么要模仿那个小邦？我们就已经很棒了。”

5 . 脏乱差：印度人嚼烟，抽烟，随地吐痰，随处小便，垃圾堆遍地都是。印度人总是不好好丢垃圾，总把垃圾扔到垃圾桶外。乱扔垃圾是印度人与生俱来的天性。小孩子也总把巧克力包装纸扔在路上。印度人吃完香蕉就把香蕉皮丢在路上。

印度至今仍是发展中国家的原因还有很多。上面列出的是主要问题。

Elsie Dean

If we talk about India, one of the fastest develo country in the world, But not still developed, we should see the fact that the growth of economy is not as good when compared to developed countries and those are much superior than India. A developed country, industrialized country, or "more economically developed country" (MEDC), is a sovereign state that has a highly developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations. So, there are many reason behind the lack in the development criteria of India.

印度是世界上发展最快的国家之一，但并不是发达国家，说到印度，我们应该看到一个事实，即印度的经济增长比不上发达国家，发达国家比印度好得多。发达国家、工业化国家或“经济更发达国家”(MEDC)是指拥有高度发达的经济和先进的技术基础设施的主权国家。所以，在印度发展水平不够高的背后存在很多原因。

There are many issues in our country that are preventing India to become a developed nation. Firstly, I am going to introduce the factor which tells whether the country is developed and if so, then where it stands in the world. That is called “HDI”.

“The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development.”

我们国家有许多问题阻碍了印度成为发达国家的脚步。首先，我要介绍一个国家是否发达的因素，也就是所谓的“人类发展指数”。

“人类发展指数HDI是综合了国民预期寿命、教育、人均收入等指标，将各国根据人类发展的四个等级进行划定。”

India continued to rank low in the Human Development Index (HDI), but climbed five notches to the 130th rank in the latest UNDP report on account of rise in life expectancy and per capita income. India's 2014 HDI of 0.609 is below the average of 0.630 for countries in the medium human development group. Norway is highly ranked on the list of the highly developed countries in the world by the Human Development Index (HDI) with the highest score of 0.944. Norway comes as the 4th country in the world by GDP (PPP) per capita which records $55,398 and the life expectancy in this country is high as it records 80 years for males and 84 years for females.

印度在HDI中的排名依然靠后，但在联合国开发计划署的最新报告中，由于预期寿命和人均收入的提高，印度的排名上升了5位，排名第130位。印度的HDI为0.609，低于中等人类发展水平国家0.630的平均水平。在HDI排名中，挪威以0.944分的最高分在世界高度发达国家中名列前茅。按人均国内生产总值计算，挪威排名全球第四，达到55398美元。挪威的人均预期寿命也很高，男性为80岁，女性为84岁。

So, India is still poor compare to the developed nations in these four tiers. The reasons are as follows:

1. Low life expectancy : Rank of India on behalf of the life expectancy rate is :

1.Both Sexes rank:125

2.Female Rank :128

3.Male Rank :115

4.Both Sexes Rank with Health-adjusted life expectancy:126

所以，与这四个层次的发达国家相比，印度仍然很贫穷。原因如下：

预期寿命低：印度的预期寿命排名为:

1. 男女综合排名：125

2. 女性排名：128

3. 男性排名：115

4. 男女均以健康调整后的预期寿命排名：126

This shows that India ranks still very low in terms of statistics related to life expectancy. Here life expectancy at birth is 68 years, while Infant morality rate is 37.9 per thousand births. Female Survival Rate to Age 65 is 63.9% and male Survival Rate for the same is 66.1% and average 170,000 people die per year due to HIV/ AIDS disease only. So India has to work more for this problem.

这表明，在与预期寿命有关的统计数据方面，印度的排名仍然很低。印度人出生时的预期寿命为68岁，但婴儿死亡率高达37.9‰。65岁女性的存活率为63.9%，男性存活率为66.1%，平均每年有17万人死于艾滋病毒/艾滋病。因此，印度必须为解决这个问题付出更多努力。

Diego Martinez

When you have selfish people who only care about themselves and not the common good, then development is very hard to accomplish. This may be corruption or having 100 children but it is general lack of care for society as a whole. The bare minimum is given to it and hence it will not develop. Latin American and African countries have the same issue with tyrants and corruption spread everywhere. The people have to care about each other and stop being divisive and then a common goal can be thought of. People only want to create their own “developed” sphere being rich but not contribute to the collective “sphere”. India may be a de ocracy but a useless one in that. It is not growing and freedom is not hel. It needs more centralized patriotic rule and the citizens have to be proactive in creating a better society. It needs real warriors not careless citizens.

如果一个国家的民众只关心自己，自私自利，不关心国家共同利益，那么这个国家就很难实现发展。也许是腐败问题，也许是生育100个孩子，这些都是对整个社会普遍缺乏关心的表现。拉丁美洲和非洲国家也有同样的暴君和腐败问题。人们必须互相关心，停止分裂，才能拥有共同的目标。印度人只想着自己发展赚钱，不想为集体做贡献。印度也许是一个皿煮国家，但它没有发展，自由也于事无补。印度需要更集中的爱国主义统治，公民必须积极主动地创造一个更好的社会。印度需要真正的战士，而不是事不关己的公民。

Mohan Kalaiselvan

We have to develop our own high technology. Till then even if we become a ten trillion economy, we would still be a develo country.

The same way, we will never be considered as a super power unless we have veto power in UN security Council.

我们必须发展自己的高科技。否则，就算我们的经济规模达到10万亿美元，也只能是一个发展中国家。

同样，除非我们在联合国安理会拥有否决权，否则我们永远都不会被视为超级大国。

Debapriya's Space

Both the liberals and the conservatives are equivalent to illiterate masses living in the slums. The so called educated class is the one who could easily cheat in the examinations. The nation of India is the one still stuck in the past. There is no point in arguing with any Indian.

自由党和保守党都跟生活在贫民窟的文盲群众一样。所谓的知识分子阶层就是那些在各种考试中作弊的人。印度这个国家仍然停留在过去。和任何印度人争论都是没有意义的。