越南是东南亚的韩国吗

Is Vietnam the Korea of Southeast Asia?

越南是东南亚的韩国吗？

以下是Quora网友的评价：

Asuma Ryu

This question is best answer in a non-serious way. Is Vietnam the Korea of SEA? Yes, it was during the 50s and 70s of last century thanks to the Korea war: both were divided, North backed by commie block while the South by the Us and Co. Before and after that period? It’s like saying Korea is the Argentina of South America.

这个问题最好不要用太过严肃的方式来回答。越南是东南亚的韩国吗？是的，上世纪50年代到70年代，因为朝鲜战争，两国都分裂了，朝鲜得到了*主义集团的支持，而韩国得到了美国的支持。在那之前或之后呢？这就好比说韩国是南美的阿根廷。

Azhar Azmi

In what way? In economic, military, technology adoption, innovation and production, soft power? Please specify your question.

In terms of the size of economy, South Korea is the third largest economy in Northeast Asia. As of 2020, Vietnam was the third largest economy in Southeast Asia but that was just because Malaysia, the Philippines and to a certain extent, Singapore, was hard hit by the Covid-19 pandemic. In 2021, it is expected that the Philippines will jump back to the third spot, Malaysia and Singapore taking the fourth or fifth spots, ahead of Vietnam.

在哪个方面呢？在经济、军事、技术运用、创新和生产、软实力方面吗？请把你的问题具体一些。

就经济规模而言，韩国是东北亚第三大经济体。截至2020年，越南是东南亚第三大经济体，但这是因为马来西亚、菲律宾以及新加坡都受到了新冠疫情的重创。2021年菲律宾将跃升至第三位，马来西亚和新加坡将位居第四或第五，领先于越南。

In terms of GDP per capita, South Korea is the second largest in Northeast Asia after Japan, if you don't take into account Hong Kong and Macao. Vietnam is far below in the rank in Southeast Asia in terms of GDP per capita, with Singapore leading the rank, followed by Brunei, Malaysia and Thailand.

I don't want to compare in terms of military power because that is quite arbitrary.

Technology? South Korea is a global leader. Vietnam is just a low cost manufacturing base. Think of Vietnam as China was 40 years ago. It is just a sweatshop.

Soft power? South Korea is again a global leader with K Pop. The best cultural exports that Vietnam has is pho.

就人均GDP而言，如果不考虑香港和澳门，韩国就是东北亚地区仅次于日本的第二大国。就人均GDP而言，越南在东南亚的排名远远低于新加坡，紧随新加坡的是文莱、马来西亚和泰国。

我不想对比军事力量方面的差别，因为这太武断了。

就科技方面而言？韩国是全球科技领先国。越南只是一个低成本的制造业基地。把越南想象成40年前的中国就对了，越南只是个血汗工厂。

就软实力方面而言？韩国凭借K - Pop引领全球，而越南最好的文化出口就是越南米粉。

Thanh Tuong

Vietnam is Vietnam ourselves. No need to be attach to any other countries to share their glory or success. This is a simple answer for this dum.b question. And Korea is not very advanced compare to Vietnam at all. Don’t look at last 50 years ago till now, look at thousand years ago till now.

越南就是越南自己，没有必要攀扯其他国家来分享对方的荣耀或成功。对这个愚蠢的问题又一个很简单的答案。与越南相比，韩国也算不上特备发达。别只看近50年的历史，放眼看看一千年前吧。

Anonymous

In the past, Vietnam was defeating Chinese armies of more than 200,000 men while Korea was spending their time being a Chinese lapdog.

Vietnam has unified their country (alone) while Korea has been divided into North and South Korea (even with heavy foreign support). Vietnam is confident in defending its own land, even when there’s a huge China to the north.

越南曾经打败了中国军队，而韩国则甘愿做中国的哈巴狗。

越南(独力)统一了他们的国家，而朝鲜则分裂为朝鲜和韩国(获得大量外国支持，但最终还是失败了)。越南有信心保卫自己的领土，即使北方边境是庞大的中国也毫不惧怕。

South Korea has no authority over their own land. They had to pay $3 billion annually to be protected by American soldiers. Without American soldiers, North Korea would have long unified the country.

North Korea also has no authority over its land. North Korea is literally a Chinese lapdog. Without China, North Korea would have been unified by South Korea.

Despite having kicked out the French, kicked out the Americans, defeated the Chinese, replaced the Khmer Rouge, and been embargoed by the world, Vietnam has developed independently without the help of the USA or any rich countries.

韩国对自己的领土也没有实权。为了得到美国的军事保护，韩国每年必须支付30亿美元。如果没有美国士兵，朝鲜早就统一国家了。

朝鲜对自己的土地也没有实权。朝鲜简直就是中国的跟班。否则朝鲜早就被韩国统一了。

越南驱逐了法国人，驱逐了美国人，击败了中国人，取代了红色高棉，还被全世界实施禁运，但越南在没有美国或其他富裕国家帮助的情况下实现了独立发展。

South Korea has to heavily rely on the US and its allies to fund its economy. South Korea became rich as mercenaries paid by the Americans to fight in Vietnam and by providing prostitutes to American soldiers.

North Korea, even with heavy Chinese support, is among the poorest nations on earth. They are only able to survive with Chinese support.

Comparing Korea to Vietnam is extremely disrespectful to Vietnam. Vietnam has always strived for freedom, was built up without extensive foreign support, wasn’t anyone’s lapdog, unified the country, and didn't need anyone to help defend.

韩国严重依赖美国及其盟友为韩国经济提供资金。韩国靠美国人的雇佣兵和为美国士兵提供妓女赚钱。

虽然有中国的鼎力支持，朝鲜仍是世界上最贫穷的国家之一。他们只能依靠中国的支持才能生存。

将韩国与越南进行比较是对越南的极度不尊重。越南一直为自由而奋斗，在缺乏国际支持的情况下成功建国，不做任何人的走狗，实现了国家的统一。

Love Yourself

Vietnam will always be the Vietnam of Southeast Asia as it has been for thousands of years.

越南永远都是东南亚的越南，因为它已经存在了几千年。

Lucia Millar

Question: Is Vietnam the Korea of Southeast Asia?

Answer: I would say No because Vietnam is Vietnam of Southeast Asia. However, some people often link Vietnam to the so-called Great East Asian Cultural Sphere/Sinoshpere of China or/and Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere of the Japanese Empire which both Korea and Vietnam are supposed to be members.

问：越南是东南亚的韩国吗？

答：我会说不是，因为越南就是东南亚的越南。但有些人经常将越南与所谓的大东亚文化圈/汉文化圈或日本帝国的大东亚共荣圈联系起来，韩国和越南都是成员国。

The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (Dai-tō-a Kyōeiken) was a concept created and promulgated during the Shōwa era by the government and military of the Empire of Japan. It represented the desire to create a self-sufficient bloc of Asian nations led by the Japanese and free of Western powers. The Japanese Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoe planned the Sphere in 1940 in an attempt to create a Great East Asia, comprising Japan, Manchukuo, China, and parts of Southeast Asia, that would, according to imperial propaganda, establish a new international order seeking ‘co prosperity’ for Asian countries

“大东亚共荣圈”是日本帝国政府和军队在正和时代提出的概念。它代表了建立一个由日本领导、不受西方列强影响的自给自足的亚洲国家集团的愿望。1940年，日本首相近卫文太郎计划建立“共荣圈”，试图建立一个由日本、满洲国、中国和部分东南亚国家组成的大东亚圈，根据日本帝国的宣传，此举旨在建立一个新的国际秩序，寻求亚洲国家的“共同繁荣”。

Both Vietnam and Korea had been divided into both temporary parts -North Vietnam-South Vietnam, North Korea-South Korea. However, after 1975, Vietnam has been reunified but Korea has been still divided. Therefore, Vietnam would not be the Korea of Southeast Asia.

越南和朝鲜都被暂时划分为北越-北越，朝鲜-韩国。但1975年后越南统一了，而朝鲜仍然分裂。所以越南不会成为东南亚的韩国。

Tim Tran

Why does Vietnam locate in Southeast Asia but belongs to the East Asia culture sphere instead of the Southeast Asia culture sphere?

为什么越南位于东南亚，但归属于东亚文化圈，而非东南亚文化圈？

What's Southeast Asia cultural sphere? Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia are part of Indic cultural sphere. Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia are part of Islamic cultural sphere. Philippines is part of Hispanic cultural sphere. Singapore is a mixture of multiple spheres.

Where's the Southeast Asia cultural sphere?

Southeast Asia has never had a singular United cultural identity. The only reason it's called Southeast Asia is due to geography, not culture. The United States is part of the European cultural sphere, but it's in North America.

什么是东南亚文化圈？泰国、老挝和柬埔寨都是印度文化圈的一部分。马来西亚、文莱、印度尼西亚都是YSL文化圈的一部分。菲律宾是西班牙文化圈的一部分。新加坡是多种文化的混合体。

东南亚的文化圈在哪里呢？

东南亚各国从未有过统一的文化认同。它之所以被称为东南亚的唯一原因在于地理位置，而非文化群落。美国是欧洲文化圈的一分子，但地处北美。

Anonymous

I would say no. In general if there is such thing as the Korea of Southeast Asia, I would say it is either Thailand or Malaysia.

我会说不是。总体而言，如果非要说一个，我会说要么是泰国，要么是马来西亚。

William Lebotschy

In a way yes. It has a poor system of government, but a very inventive population . The country could be fa better if it's economy was not managed by unqualified politicians. So the government , is reminiscent of that if N Korea, but it's people can perform like the South Koreans.

在某种程度上是的。越南的政府很烂，但越南人民很有创造力。如果有合格的政客来管理经济，这个国家可能就会好很多。所以越南政府让人联想到朝鲜，但越南人民可以跟韩国人媲美。

XGLI DAO

In terms of economy, cultural influence or what?

One trait it has in common with Korea is highly xenophobic

你是指经济方面，文化影响方面或者什么？

越南和韩国的共同特点就是高度排外。

Nadhiya Athaide

How come Vietnam didn't become more like North Korea is now?

为什么越南和现在的朝鲜不像？

In simple words, After Vietnam’s border wars with Cambodia and China, the country nearly went bankrupt and starved under the USA’s embargo. As such, a sense of concern/frustration was growing among the political elite

Vietnam gave in and essentially said “Ok hey, we’ll stop our occupation , but you have to invest in Vietnam and fix our economy” and what followed from the ’90s onwards was rapid economic development that completely transformed Vietnam.

Vietnam toda Its economic system functions like any other capitalist country.

简而言之，越南与柬埔寨和中国结束边境战争后，越南被美国的禁运搞得几乎破产。因此，越南的政治精英群体中有越来越多的人感到担忧和沮丧。

越南妥协了，表示"好吧，我们会退出占领地区，但你们必须在越南投资并修复越南经济"。从90年代开始，越南经济得到了迅速发展，越南发生了翻天覆地的变化。

今天的越南，的经济制度已经和其他资本主义国家一样了。

Huyen Nguyen

How come Vietnam didn't become more like North Korea is now?

为什么越南和现在的朝鲜不像？

While I could not find the GDP data for Vietnam before 1983, it is correct that North Vietnam and North Korea used to be at a very similar level of development. While hard numbers are difficult to find, if you look at the images of North Vietnam in the 70s and 80s, you can safely say it used to be one of the poorest countries in the world, not unlike NK today. War destruction, isolation and disastrous economic policies left the country in ruins. (see my answer for more details: Huyen Nguyen's answer to How crippling are U.S. sanctions on other nation's economies throughout history?)

虽然我找不到越南1983年之前的GDP数据，但北越和朝鲜确实曾经处于非常相似的发展水平。如果你看看70年代和80年代北越的照片，你肯定会说，越南曾是全世界最贫穷的国家之一，就像今天的朝鲜一样。战争破坏、孤立和灾难性的经济政策使这个国家成为一片废墟。

But since the 1980s, the two countries have completely diverged in their paths:

但自20世纪80年代以来，这两个国家走上了完全不同的发展道路：

Now we have NK still being an almost completely closed off country on the one hand and Vietnam boasting one of the highest growth rates and a dynamic economy on the other (I acknowledge Vietnam’s plenty of development issues but still infinitely better than it once was and NK).

These days, Vietnam occasionally sends food aid to North Korea. As unde cratic as Vietnam still is, one can only hope North Korea will follow through the reforms and emulate what Vietnam did.

现在，朝鲜仍然是一个几乎完全封闭的国家，但越南的经济增长率是全球最高之一，经济充满活力(我承认越南还有很多发展问题，但还是比历史上的越南和朝鲜好得多了)。

最近，越南偶尔也会向朝鲜提供粮食援助。我们希望朝鲜能遵循改革，效仿越南的做法。