Russia is a superpower and has a big economy, but why have I never heard of Russian products/brands?

俄罗斯是超级大国，拥有庞大的经济规模，但是为什么我从未听说过什么俄罗斯商品或品牌？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Matthias Heinze

If we’re not for the devious West the Moskvitch car would have taken the world by storm. The Soviet union was far ahead in electronic technology. Because by wheight Soviet calculator were 1000 times heavier.

如果不是因为狡诈的西方，莫斯科的汽车会席卷世界。苏联在电子技术方面也遥遥领先。因为苏联的计算器重量比其他的要重上1000倍。

but joking aside, even if the Soviet Union could make the same thing as a Western company, it never had the efficiency. Therefore all products made for the West were subsidized heavily. The Soviet union was bankrupt inside its own economy it was like the Walking Dead.

And in fact it could not even make most western products such as video recorders or electronic watches.

但说正经的，就算苏联能造出和西方公司一样的东西，它的效率也很低。所以，他们给西方生产的产品都获得了大量补贴。于是苏联的国内经济破产了。

事实是，大多数西方产品苏联都造不出，比如录像机或电子表。

Evgeny Tkacz

Russia is marginally a superpower, only due to its nuclear weaponry. Economically, it’s a regional power at best, with the economy about the size of the Italian one.

It is a major producer of mostly raw materials (carbohydrates, wood, metals, etc.), food and weapons. Otherwise, it is not a leader across most other goods categories.

It does have a fairly robust digital ecosystem (Yandex, Viber, VKontakte, Odnoklassniki, etc.), but it’s largely opaque to non-Russian speakers.

俄罗斯是一个边缘的超级大国，说它是超级大国只是因为它拥有核武器。但在经济上，俄罗斯充其量只是一个地区强国，经济规模和意大利相当。

俄罗斯是原材料(糖类、木材、金属等)、食品和武器的主要生产国，但在大多数其他商品类别中的排名都不高。

俄罗斯确实拥有强大的数字生态系统(Yandex, Viber, VKontakte, Odnoklassniki等)，但对非俄语使用者来说，很大程度上都很晦涩难懂。

Karol J

Thesis on that question are wrong.

Is russia a superpower? Ukraine was able to push back russian army at the begng of war without support from allies. Small, underfunded, based on old soviet equipment army literally have beaten crap out of “superpower” army.

has russia a big economy? With GDP at the level of small Spain and country size closer to US, russia is a poor country.

那个问题的说法就是错误的。

俄罗斯是超级大国吗？乌克兰在战争爆发之初，就能在没有盟友支持的情况下击退俄罗斯军队。军队规模小，资金不足，武器装备还停留在苏联时期，却打败了“超级大国”的军队。

俄罗斯是一个大型经济体吗？俄罗斯的GDP和小小西班牙相当，国家面积与美国接近，只能算是一个贫穷的国家。

Maulana Oraf

Russia's money maker is military exports. And it shines in this department. To a lesser degree,.if you're into any sort of manufacturing or logistics, on as an executor across several economies, believe me Russian brands are known

俄罗斯的摇钱树是军火出口，俄罗斯的军火出口确实不错。如果你从事制造业或物流业，相信我，俄罗斯也是有知名品牌的。

Russia's consumer goods technology is underrated and underperforms cos the Russian economy is tailored for capital goods production and most clients for these products are either various contractors or govt itself.

俄罗斯的消费品技术被低估，表现不佳，因为俄罗斯经济是为资本货物生产量身定制的，这些产品的大多数客户要么是各种承包商，要么是政府本身。

Robert Fox

I went to the New York Worlds Fair in 1964 (and 1965). There were many American Pavillions such as GE and IBM that showed wonderful products of the future. At the Soviet Pavillion, there showcase presentation was a TV screen that looked much like a computer CRT screen did a decade or two later. It was color only in the sense that it was green and white, and poor resolution.

我在1964年(和1965年)参观了纽约世界博览会。GE、IBM等许多美国展馆展示了超现实的未来派商品。苏联展馆展示的是一个电视屏幕，看起来很像10年或20年后的计算机CRT屏幕。它是彩色屏幕，但只有绿色和白色，所以分辨率很低。

Jim Shoobridge

Russia is not a particularly large economy. Its a very mismanaged economy which is squandering its future under Putin. Total GDP is $1.862 Trillian USD for a population of 140M (and declining). For comparison, Australia’s economy is $1.457 trillion with 25M people, and the UK is $3.332 trillion USD with 67M. Whats more, a large part of the Russian economy is now focused on Military, which is being destroyed in Ukraine. Its a tragic story of corruption, kleptocracy and mismanagement.

俄罗斯并不是一个特别大的经济体，是一个管理不善的经济，在普京的领导下正在挥霍自己的未来。俄罗斯的GDP为1.862万亿美元，人口为1.4亿(而且还在下降)。相比之下，澳大利亚拥有2500万人口，经济规模为1.457万亿美元，英国拥有6700万人口，经济规模为3.332万亿美元。更重要的是，俄罗斯经济十分倚重军事，但俄罗斯军队被乌克兰战争重创了。

Nagult Nagult

Have you never heard about Russian brands?

Well, I’m going to provide a list to you:

Beeline

MTS

Russian Standard

Telegram

Lada

Lukoil

Natura Siberica

Karspersky

Kalashnikov

Smirnoff (born Russian and now is British)

Yak

VK

Stolichnaya

Yandex

Gazprom

Aeroflot

Beluga

你从没听说过俄罗斯品牌吗？

好来，我给你们发一个列表吧：

Beeline 俄罗斯电信运营商

MTS 俄罗斯移动通信系统公司

俄罗斯标准 俄罗斯伏特加酒生产商

Telegram 跨平台通讯软件

拉达汽车

卢克石油公司

Natura Siberica 护肤品品牌

Karspersky 网络安全公司

卡拉什尼科夫步枪

司木露(俄罗斯伏特加酒品牌，现在属于英国)

Yak 战斗机

VK 社交网站

红牌伏特加

Yandex 门户网站

俄罗斯天然气工业股份公司

俄罗斯航空公司

白鲸伏特加

But unless you can buy acrobatic airplanes, military airplanes, thousands of diamonds, misiles, tanks, tons of aluminum, thousands of barrels of petroleum, thousands of square meters of gas, heavy industrial engines, high quality caviar, thousands of tons of cereals, thousands of squared meters of wood….. it is normal you don’t know about those companies.

There is other economy different to Zara t-shirts and Samsung celular, that manage big numbers and amounts of money.

但除非你有实力购买特技飞机，军用飞机，数千颗钻石，导弹，坦克，数吨铝材，数千桶石油，数千立方米的天然气，重工业发动机，高品质鱼子酱，数千吨谷物，数千立方米的木材.....否则，你不知道这些公司也是很正常的。

在Zara T恤和三星手机之外还存在着另一种经济模式，操纵着巨额的资金。

Brent Cooper

Do you think Russia is a superpower? If so, why? If not, what does it mean in your opinion?

你认为俄罗斯是一个超级大国吗？如果是，为什么？如果不是，你觉得俄罗斯是什么样的？

No. A superpower is a country with a proven military and an economy to sustain that military over a long period of time. Both are important. In fact the economy may be the more important as demonstrated in WWI and WWII.

Russia’s military performance has certainly raised questions about its effectiveness. And we know that the Russian economy is not designed to sustain the military over a long war. That is the reason Russia must stockpile so much ammunition before an invasion and why Prigozhin was complaining about the lack of artillery ammunition in Bakhmut. This is why Russia is pulling tanks out of museums to use in fighting.

不是。超级大国指的是一个拥有经过验证的军事和经济实力的国家，可以在很长一段时间内维持这种军事力量。两者都很重要。事实上，经济可能更加重要，第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战就证明了这一点。

俄罗斯的军事表现无疑引发了对军事实力的质疑。我们知道，俄罗斯的经济无法维持长时间的战争。这就是俄罗斯在入侵前必须储备大量弹药的原因，也是普里戈津抱怨巴赫穆特缺乏火炮弹药的原因，这也是俄罗斯把坦克从博物馆里拖出来参战的原因。

Dima Vorobiev

Related

Why has Russia’s economy never flourished?

The statement that Russian economy never flourished isn’t entirely true.

Some parts of it, like the extraction of petroleum, are going at full steam now. Telecommunications, weapons manufacturing and retail trade are pretty much in shape, too.

In cities like Moscow, Tyumen and Khanty-Mansiisk average incomes lay on the European level, and maybe even higher. If the country consisted only of regions with mineral extraction, and Moscow, we would have been a window of wealth and opulence at par with Qatar, or Saudi Arabia. It’s the rest of the country that drags us down. As soon as we find a way of properly colonizing it, the whole picture will be much brighter.

为什么俄罗斯的经济没有兴旺发达过？

俄罗斯经济从未兴旺发达过，这个说法并不完全正确。

俄罗斯经济的某些行业，比如石油开采，就正在全速发展。电信、武器制造和零售贸易也处于良好状态。

在莫斯科、秋明和汉特-曼西斯克等城市，民众的平均收入和欧洲水平持平，甚至可能更高。如果这个国家只有矿产地区和莫斯科，我们就会和卡塔尔或沙特阿拉伯一样富裕。拖后腿的是这个国家的其他地区。如果我们能找到一种恰当的开发方式，整个国家就会更加发达。

Gilang Putranto

What has stopped Russia from becoming an economic superpower?

For starters’i’m no way an economic expert,but let me give out some opinion anyway if you may

是什么因素阻挠俄罗斯成为一个经济超级大国？

首先，我不是一个经济专家，但如果你允许，我想说几点意见：

Corruption. I think it’s just the main reason for every country country that is and had ever exst on earth. If you have a politician and government,there will always be corruption. The level of corruption in Russia is not small to say the least.

Undoubtedly large,hard to reach territory. Do you know what majority of Russian territory is? That’s right,Siberia.

Now part of Siberia is pretty developed

But how do you expect some economic value to come from majority of territory which looks like this

腐败。我认为地球上每一个国家都存在这个问题，永远不会消失。只要有政客，有政府，就会有腐败。俄罗斯的腐败程度不会小。

幅员辽阔的难以开发的领土。你知道俄罗斯领土中的很大部分是什么吗？没错，就是西伯利亚。

现在西伯利亚的部分地区已经很发达了。

但这种土地怎么可能带来经济价值呢？

Recovery from the collapse of the USSR. The Soviet Union collapsed in 1991,for some people maybe that seems like a long time ago,well hear me out my country experienced an economic crisis in 1998. Until this day we haven’t fully recovered from it. Let’s put the same standard to Russia. How do you fully expect a country that lost approxmetely 1/3 of its territorry and more than half the population to fully recover it’s economy?

从苏联解体中慢慢复苏。苏联在1991年解体，对一些人来说，这可能是很遥远的事了，听我说，我的国家在1998年经历了经济危机，直到今天还没能完全恢复。对俄罗斯来说也是如此，一个失去了大约三分之一领土和一半以上人口的国家，经济状况怎么可能完全恢复呢？

Last but not least,sanction. Now you know that a corrupt politician in Russia is one thing,but do you know how hard is it to run a country if some guy on the other side of the world that has large influence on world economy and politics in general said “Nah bro.not gonna happen”?

最后，还有制裁。现在你知道了，俄罗斯的腐败政客是一回事，但你知道不知道，如果世界另一端某个在世界经济和政治领域都有很大影响的人说“不，兄弟，你没戏了”，这样一个国家治理起来有多难吗？

Vladimir Andreeff

What manufactured goods does Russia export to other countries?

俄罗斯向其他国家出口了什么制成品？

Today, Russia is mainly engaged in the export of energy carriers, such as oil products, coal and gas. Steel products are also exported along with ferrous and non-ferrous metals and minerals. The largest share of Russian exports form petroleum products. In addition, the leading export items include natural gas, mineral fertilizers, timber, machinery, as well as weapons and various equipment. More than three hundred million tons of oil, as well as about two hundred fifty billion cubic meters of gas are exported to the countries of near and far abroad.

俄罗斯主要出口石油产品、煤炭、天然气等能源载体。俄罗斯也出口钢铁产品、黑色金属、有色金属和矿产。在俄罗斯的出口中占据最大份额的是石油产品。此外，俄罗斯的主要出口商品还包括天然气、矿物肥料、木材、机械以及武器和各种设备。俄罗斯向远近国家出口了超过3亿吨的石油和大约2500亿立方米的天然气。

What does Russia export more? Timber, machinery and various equipment. Therefore, for most countries, in particular the near abroad, Russia has been and remains an important trading partner.

In addition, exports of butter, meat, milk, cottage cheese and cheeses increased. The deliveries of engineering goods, as well as wood and other products increased.

In 2009, Russia had military-technical cooperation with more than 80 countries, delivering products to 62 of them. The volume of domestic exports of military goods then exceeded two hundred and sixty billion rubles. The share of exports of combat aircraft at that time accounted for forty percent of the total exports of the main types of weapons.

俄罗斯出口的商品中数量靠前的是什么？木材、机械及各种设备。因此，对于大多数国家，特别是邻国来说，俄罗斯一直是重要的贸易伙伴。

此外，黄油、肉类、牛奶、白软干酪和奶酪的出口逐年增加。工程货物以及木材和其他产品的交付数量也增加了。

俄罗斯与80多个国家开展了军事技术合作，向其中62个国家交付了武器装备。俄罗斯武器装备的出口量超过2600亿卢布。战斗机的出口份额占当时主要武器类型出口总额的40%。

Last year, food exports increased by four percent, reaching a historic high of seventeen billion dollars. Thus, in the structure of exports, the largest part of it falls on wheat, which accounts for 27 percent of the total volume of food supplies, which allowed Russia to take the first place. Next comes frozen fish, sunflower oil and corn. By the way, at the end of last year, exports of agricultural products and food from Russia grew by 4%.

去年，俄罗斯的食品出口增长了4%，创下了170亿美元的历史新高。因此，在出口品类构成中，小麦所占的比重最大，占粮食供应总量的27%。接下来是冷冻鱼、葵花籽油和玉米。去年年底俄罗斯的农产品和食品出口增长了4%。

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