What do you think about Indians who have very good command over their written English but can't speak it well?  What conclusions do you draw from such situations?

印度人的书面英语很好，但口语不好，你怎么看？你从这些情况中得出了什么结论？

以下是Quora网友的评价：

Asia Khatoun

I think its a confidence issue and they should be encouraged to speak in English. Maybe they dont like their accent and fear ridicule whilst they feel safe in writing English. I think they are better at spoken than they realise and shouldnt be so hard on themselves. I love the Indian accent and have met many who understand long and complicated words but struggle to find the confidence to speak in English.

我认为这是信心问题，应该鼓励他们开口说英语。也许他们只是不喜欢自己的口音，害怕被人嘲笑，觉得写英语更加安全。我认为他们妄自菲薄了，他们的口语比自己想象的号，不应该对自己这么苛刻。我喜欢印度口音，也遇到过很多印度人，他们能听懂又长又复杂的单词，但说英语时不太自信。

Shankara Narayanan Sethuraman

I got a interesting perspective on this when I was planning to move to the USA for higher education.

One requirement for the same was the TOEFL exam which tests English language skills specifically in listening, speaking, reading and writing.

当初我想去美国深造时就对这个问题有了一个有趣的看法。

当时我要考托福，托福考试主要测试英语语言技能，尤其是听、说、读、写4个方面。

For me and my peers in college, most received 95+% in reading and 90+% listening. Writing and speaking scores were much lower with speaking being the lowest for everyone. This was after all of us had had English as the medium of instruction starting in primary school up to college.

In this context, it is important to dive deep to understand speaking skills are poorer compared to the rest.

对于我和我的大学同学来说，大多数人的阅读成绩可以拿到95+，听力成绩可以拿到90+，但写作和口语的分数则要低得多，尤其口语，分数最低。这还是在我们印度人从小学到大学都是以英语作为教学媒介的情况下。

在这种情况下，深入了解印度人的口语技能为什么比其他人差是很重要的。

Education throughout school was about the final scores which depend on the ability to write answers to questions in exams. Since all the answers are learnt by rote, the aspect that is horned the most here is the ability to read and comprehend. Hence, across the board Indian students with a decent English medium education can read and understand English quite well.

印度学校的教育只为了期末成绩，这取决于学生在考试中回答问题的能力。因为所有的答案都是死记硬背的，所以学生们最需要的是阅读和理解的能力。因此，接受过良好英语教育的印度学生可以流畅地阅读和理解英语。

For kids born after the 1990s, listening to English via songs, dialogues in cartoons and movies, TV Shows, etc, makes us familiar with the American and British accent. This in addition to English being the medium of instruction makes listening ability come to at least 90% of where is reading ability is.

对于90后来说，通过歌曲、动画片、电影、电视节目中的对话，我们熟悉了美国口音和英国口音，再加上英语作为教学媒介，我们的听力能力也能达到阅读能力的90%。

Next comes writing. While we all can write in English, we haven’t horned our ability to write creatively given all the years of rote learning and reproduction. This makes writing scores only up to 75–80% of where listening scores are.

接下来是写作。虽然我们都可以用英语写作，但多年来只靠死记硬背，我们没有培养出创造性写作的能力，写作分数只能达到听力分数的75-80%。

Finally, we come to speaking. This is the worst of the four. Most students aren’t required to explain and/or present their own ideas verbally throughout their student life. In addition, we almost always speak an -glish language with friend and family - Tanglish, Hinglish, etc. This makes speaking skills as low as 60% of the listening scores.

最后，我们来谈谈口语，这是听说读写四项中最差的科目了。大多数印度学生在学生生涯中并不需要口头解释和/或表达自己的想法。此外，我们几乎总是和朋友和家人说英语—泰米尔英语、印度英语等等。我们的口语技能只达到听力分数的60%。

Overall, we can read English well and reproduce it in written format. All other aspects of using the language - thinking, speaking, original writing, etc., have never been honed.

总的来说，我们可以很好地阅读英语，也可以转成书面形式。但对于语言的其他方面—思考、口语、原创写作等，还有待提高。

Anil Roongta

I did my entire schooling from Hindi medium schools. We were introduced to basic English like A for apple from class 6th.

我从小就是在使用印地语教学的学校学习的。我们从六年级开始学习基本的英语，比如A代表苹果。

My father understood the importance of English as a language. From the very begng he made it a point to ensure that we learn English. He had subscribed to an English newspaper and insisted that we read it everyday. In the evening when he sat with us, he made us read the paper loudly. He would then ask us the write the editorial page in a notebook. He bought an English dictionary for us and asked us to make it a habit to use it frequently. He also used to speak to us in English during that half

As a result of all that exercise, our written English improved substantially.

我父亲明白英语的重要性，所以一开始他就很重视我们的英语学习。他订了一份英文报纸，坚持要我们每天都看。晚上他和我们坐在一起，让我们大声朗读报纸。然后他会让我们在笔记本上写社论。他给我们买了一本英语词典，要求我们养成经常使用字典的习惯。他还经常用英语和我们对话。

经过这些练习，我们的书面英语有了很大的提高。

But since there was no tradition of speaking English either in our house or school or among friends, we lacked it. We couldn’t generate that kind of confidence to speak English at public place.

When we went for higher education such as engineering and MBA, we got the real opportunity to speak English and hone our speaking skills.

It’s the non availability of opportunity to converse in English which is the root cause of finding it difficult to speak good, fluent English.

但由于我们在家里、学校和朋友之间没有说英语的传统，我们缺乏英语环境，所以我们没有那种在公共场合说英语的自信。

后来我们开始接受高等教育，如工程和MBA，我们才得到真正说英语、磨练口语技能的机会。

没有机会使用英语交流，是很难掌握用英语流利表达的根本原因。

Pratik Mehta

English is the primary mode of instruction in the Indian education system, so most high-school educated people have a good amount of exposure to the language.

However, since an overwhelming majority of Indians have a different first-language at home, the linguistic characteristics of their native language seep into their conversational English. This is also why ‘Indian english’is replete with peculiarities adopted from Hindi/ Tamil/ Marathi/ Kannada or any of the 20–30 major Indian languages. The vocabulary is pretty much the same, but the flavor is different depending on where you grew up. Teachers transfer these to students, and on it goes.

英语是印度教育体系的主要教学语言，所以大多数受过高中教育的人都接触过大量的英语。

但由于绝大多数印度人在家里使用的第一语言不是英语，母语的语言特征自然渗透到他们的英语口语中。这也是“印度英语”充满了印地语/泰米尔语/马拉地语/卡纳达语等20-30种主要印度语言特点的原因。词汇几乎都是一样的，但不同地区的感觉是不同的。老师把这些知识传授给学生，然后一代代传递下去。

For people who spend a lot of time communicating in their native language, this translates into being able to write English sentences that just about make sense but are structured heavily along the word-order of their native language - therefore making their writing poor in fluency, but just about adequate enough for a reader to know what they’re trying to say.

对于那些主要用母语交流的人来说，他们能够写出一些言之有理的英语句子，但这些句子的结构很大程度上还是按照母语的词序构建的—因此，他们的写作虽然不够流畅，但也足以让读者知道他们的意思。

A Thakur

There are several reasons why many Indians may find it difficult to speak English, even though they can read and write it. One reason is that the English language spoken in India is often quite different from the standard British or American English that is taught in schools. Additionally, many Indians may have had limited opportunities to practice speaking English, particularly in rural areas where it may not be widely spoken. Additionally, the lack of exposure to native speakers, who could help improve their fluency and pronunciation, could be a factor.

尽管许多印度人会读会写，但他们觉得说英语很困难，原因有以下几点。一是印度人说的英语通常与学校里教授的标准英式或美式英语大不相同。此外，许多印度人使用英语的机会可能有限，尤其是在农村地区。此外，他们缺乏与母语人士的接触机会，这可能也是一个原因，母语人士可以帮助外国人提高英语流利度和发音水平。

Additionally, some Indians may have learned English academically, focusing primarily on reading and writing, rather than speaking and listening. Cultural and linguistic differences between English and native Indian languages could also make it harder for them to adapt to speaking English.

此外，一些印度人可能只从学术方面学习英语，主要关注的是阅读和写作，而非听说。英语和印度本土语言之间的文化和语言差异也令他们难以适应。

But in the end it's just language which one can improve with continuous practice.

但最终，我们只要通过不断的练习，就能提高英语水平。

Renu Gill

Main reason is the environment or surroundings.

We need to practice the language once we learned. Because most of the Indians don't use English at their home. Although, children learn English in school but they don't get the environment to practice at home.

Second reason, some people hesitate to speak in English and they think they might get wrong. But No!

If we speak hindi at home, and did we speak perfect hindi when we were infant? No!

主要原因在于环境或周围环境。

我们学会一门语言后需要不断练习。大多数印度人在家中并不使用英语。虽然孩子们在学校学习英语，但他们在家里没有练习英语的环境。

第二个原因，有些人不太愿意说英语，他们担心自己会出错。但并不会！

我们在家里说印地语，但我们还是个婴儿的时候能说一口流利的印地语吗？不能！

Similarly, we have to converse in English. Let's start from broken. And overcome your hesitation. And try to listen and practice English.

Listen to English news, watch English movies and practice the way they speak.

Then try to speak it with your friends or the person who knows English.

Think about a topic and try to speak on that for 5 minutes daily.

After a week, recall your daily activities and try to speak on that for 15 minutes. Gradually, increase the time and then see the difference in you.

同样，我们必须用英语交谈。从不熟练开始，克服犹豫，努力多听多练。

听英语新闻，看英语电影，学习他们说话的方式。

然后试着多和你的朋友或懂英语的人说说。

思考一个话题，试着每天花5分钟谈论这个话题。

一周后，回忆一下每天的练习，并试着用15分钟来表达。慢慢延长时间，然后你会发现自己的进步。

Sandeep Dixt

The majority of people in the world have difficulty speaking a non-native language.

Americans are at top of it.

Those who know three languages are called trilinguals. Those who know two languages are called bilinguals. Those are who know only one language are called? … Americans.

Not sure what can be the intent of this question. when you said the majority of Indians have difficulty in speaking English, what is the expectation? Why do you have that expectation? Which country is a benchmark in speaking the second language? Must be one Cameroon, Uganda, or Nigeria, where a higher fraction of the population speaks English as a second language. Even after being better English worshipers than Indians, the countries do not excel in anything, because English is not a skill investing too many resources on this will always be counterproductive.

世界上大多数人说非母语时都会遇到困难。

美国人在这方面尤其突出。

掌握三种语言的人被称为三语者。掌握两种语言的人被称为双语者。那些只会一种语言的人被称为什么呢？答案是：美国人……

我不知道这个问题的目的是什么。你说大多数印度人英语说得不好，那么你的期望是什么？你为什么会有这样的期望？有哪个国家在使用第二语言是标杆了？我猜肯定是喀麦隆、乌干达或尼日利亚之流，因为在这些国家中把英语作为第二语言的人口比例更高。这些国家在任何方面都不擅长，因为英语并非一项技能，在这方面投入太多资源总是适得其反。

The number of Indians who know English is about 1000 times more than those who should know English. About 10% Of Indians speak English which's too much and very counterproductive, a waste of precious human energy and human resources.

To spend our energies for the right purpose, We should match this number with advanced countries like China, Japan, South Korea.. and bring the number of English speakers down to 0.01%

懂英语的印度人大约是地球上懂英语的其他人的1000倍。印度有大约10%的人说英语，这个数量太多了，浪费了宝贵的人力资源和人力资源。

要想把我们的精力用在正确的目的上，学习英语的印度人数量只需要和中国、日本、韩国等先进国家持平就行，把比例降到0.01%。

These countries effectively do business with the world using those 0.01% people, basically low-paid translators. While for a useless skill such as speaking English we pay pretty high, a reason for lack of deep skill and innovation.

Even when you copy America, England, Australia, New Zealand you forget they are speaking their mother tongue. It’s mother tongue that is the key, not English.

这些国家有效地利用0.01%的人与全世界做生意，基本上都是低薪的翻译。对于一项无用的技能，比如说英语，我们付出了很高的代价，这也正是我们缺乏深度技能和创新的原因。

我们模仿美国、英国、澳大利亚、新西兰，但却忘了他们说的是他们的母语。母语才是关键，英语。