If China wanted to retaliate against Britain for the Opium Wars, without other alliance interference, who would win (modern day)?

如果中国想报复英国的鸦片战争，在没有其他联盟插手的情况下，谁会赢？

以下是Quora网友的评价：

Man With A Plan

The Chinese are an ancient and nuanced people. Most of them seem to understand the British Empire was a double-edged sword. We helped them against the japs, we were on the opposite side in Korea, they respected that we stayed out of vietnam, they respected that we didn't try to pull any funny tricks over Hong Kong. Nobody is pretending that we are best buddies but I think there is at least some mutual respect there, albeit wrapped up with a fair bit of suspicion. I don't see China wanting to go out of its way to punish Britain for actions taken in the 19th century against the legacy of the current Taiwanese government. China wouldn't be China as we know it today were it not for the actions of the British Empire (much as that is an unpopular opinon).

中国人是一个古老而细腻的民族。他们大多数人似乎都明白大英帝国是一把双刃剑。我们帮助他们对抗日本鬼子，我们在朝鲜问题上站在他们的对立面，他们尊重我们不愿参与越南战争，他们尊重我们没有试图在香港搞任何恶作剧。

没有人假装我们是好朋友，但我认为双方虽然有些猜疑，起码是相互尊重的。我认为中国不会不择手段地惩罚英国在19世纪采取的行动。毕竟如果当年大英帝国没有干过那些事(虽然他们的行为不受欢迎)，中国也不会是我们今天所知道的中国了。

Paul Harrison

france was inOW2 france started the looting of the Summer Palace

but to answer the question , the cockroach would win , UK  and China both have nukes

法国当时也参战了，是法国率先血洗颐和园的

但要回答这个问题，中国和英国打，不会有赢家的，英国和中国可都有核武器呢

Fred Chuatiuco

Who would win? Really?

Look at the state of U.K. today.

Just as with Taiwan, China has the advantage of time.

China does not have to do anything to the U.K. Their economy is spiralling downward. In a few years, they’ll be groveling to China for help.

谁会赢？你真想知道？

看看今天的英国吧。

和台湾问题一样，中国拥有时间优势。

中国压根不需要对英国做什么，英国的经济正在螺旋式下滑，几年后就得卑躬屈膝地向中国求助了。

Li Pengii

The UK is already in a fairly bad way.

China could destroy the UK economy at the stoke of a pen.

Pull HSBC’s banking licence in China. HSBC is a UK bank. It's got several trillion in assets and relies heavily on Asia and China now. HSBC withdrew from the US market as they were caught money laundering for terrorists and drug cartels.

英国现在已然处于相当糟糕的境地了。

中国可以在须臾之间摧毁英国的经济。

取消汇丰在中国的银行牌照。汇丰银行是一家英国银行，拥有数万亿美元的资产，现在严重依赖亚洲和中国。汇丰银行因被发现为恐怖分子和贩毒集团洗钱而退出美国市场。

The UK government would bail HSBC out and need to print 900–1500bn to do so.

GBP would suffer mega inflation.

Next up sanctions to push that inflation up some more. Without Chinese imports and exports to China their inflation would go up another 10–25% that would cause loss of faith immediately and they'd be looking at £50 bread. Massive riots would happen at this stage.

英国政府为了帮汇丰纾困，需要印钞9000至1.5万亿英镑。

英镑将遭受巨大的通货膨胀。

接下来，制裁将进一步推高通胀。如果没有中国对英国的进出口，英国的通货膨胀率将继续攀升10-25%，民众会立即丧失信心，面包价格也会飙升到50英镑，导致大规模骚乱。

Xanthi Francis

I’d say Britain.

If China thought they could now attack Britain because they are ashamed a tiny dot in the map could humiliate China’s massive population, then they’ve left their run too late.

Britain’s allies would no doubt come to her aid. China would be humiliated all over again.

我觉得赢家会是英国。

如果中国认为现在可以攻打英国，那是因为他们感到羞辱，一个弹丸之地就可以羞辱中国如此庞大的人口，那么他们也已经太晚了。

毫无疑问，英国的盟国会出手相助。中国会再次被羞辱。

Robert Paul

How did Great Britain win against China during the First Opium War, when China had a larger military than them at that time?

英国是如何在第一次鸦片战争中战胜中国的，当时中国的军队比英国庞大呀？

The First Opium War was fought between Great Britain and China from 1839 to 1842. Although China had a larger military, Britain was able to achieve victory for several reasons.

第一次鸦片战争发生在1839年至1842年的英国和中国之间。虽然中国拥有更庞大的军队，但英国能够取得最终胜利，原因有以下几点：

Firstly, Britain had superior naval technology and was able to use its navy to blockade Chinese ports and control sea routes. This enabled the British to cut off supplies to China and disrupt trade, which put pressure on the Chinese economy and weakened the Qing government's ability to fight.

首先，英国拥有卓越的海军作战能力，能够利用其海军封锁中国港口并控制海上航线。英国得以切断对中国的供应，扰乱了贸易，给中国经济带来了压力，削弱了清政府的作战能力。

Secondly, the British had superior firepower and training. They used advanced artillery and muskets to devastating effect, which allowed them to defeat much larger Chinese forces. The British also employed military tactics and strategies that were more advanced than those used by the Chinese at the time.

其次，英国人拥有更强的火力和作战训练。他们使用先进的火炮和火枪，可以造成了毁灭性的效果，击败了规模大得多的中国军队。英国人还采用了比当时中国人更先进的战术和战略。

Thirdly, the British were able to exploit internal divisions within the chinese and society. The Qing dynasty was facing internal rebellions and political instability, which made it difficult for the government to effectively respond to the British invasion. In addition, the Chinese military was divided between different factions and lacked cohesion.

第三，英国人利用了中国社会内部的分裂。清朝面临着内部叛乱和政治动荡的局面，清朝政府难以有效应对英国的入侵。此外，中国军队不同派系之间彼此割据，缺乏凝聚力。

Lastly, the British were able to gain the support of other European powers, who also had interests in China and were willing to provide military and financial assistance. This gave the British a significant advantage over the Chinese forces.

Overall, the combination of superior technology, training, tactics, and political support enabled the British to overcome the numerical disadvantage and achieve victory in the First Opium War.

最后，英国获得了其他欧洲列强的支持，这些列强在中国也有利益可图，愿意提供军事和财政援助。这使得英国人占据了明显的优势。

总的来说，技术、训练、战术和政治支持这几个因素结合，让英国人克服了兵力上的劣势，在第一次鸦片战争中取得了胜利。

Peter Fuller

How did Great Britain win against China during the First Opium War, when China had a larger military than them at that time?

英国是如何在第一次鸦片战争中战胜中国的，当时中国的军队比英国庞大呀？

The same way as everyone has won their wars for the last 400 years and most recently evidenced in the Ukraine - through having superior military technology, training and management. To give but one example, the UK was using armoured steam-powered gunboats while the Chinese forces were using wooden sailing or even rowed craft. UK naval artillery literally obliterated Chinese naval forces and Chinese fortifications. UK army forces were equipped with modern fast-firing muskets (Brown Bess). Casualites were hugely disproportionate.

The truly interesting question was that the Manchu empire was unable to renew itself in the fact of this aggression. It wasn’t until the rise of the in the 20th century that China restored its capability, and then some.

就像在过去的400年里，所有国家都打赢了他们一样。最近乌克兰战争也证明了这一点—因为胜利一方拥有卓越的军事技术、训练和管理方式。举个例子，英国使用的是装甲蒸汽动力炮艇，而中国军队使用的是木制帆船，甚至还有人力划桨船。英国海军炮兵彻底摧毁了中国的海军和防御工事。英国军队装备了现代化的速射火枪(布朗·贝斯)。伤亡人数严重不成比例。

真正有趣的问题是，满清帝国被各国侵略，只能破罐子破摔。直到20世纪新中国崛起，中国才开始涅槃重生。

Dong-Yoon Lee

What is the opium war between Great Britain and China?

英国和中国之间的鸦片战争是什么样？

At that time Britain was under a huge trade deficit with China. It was mainly from tea. They stole green tea trees and planted them in their colonies, India and Sri Lanka, to cut back on imports, but Chinese green tea was much better in quality and consumers in mainland England were crying to be supplied Chinese tea.

But except for green tea, other products, the UK had to import lots of Chinese goods. The Chinese were good manufacturers at the time, but also the quality was good. At that time, countries paid for cross - border trade with silver, and all the silver that England had was absorbed into China.

当时英国对中国存在着巨大的贸易逆差，这个逆差主要来自茶叶。为了减少进口，他们偷了绿茶树在英属殖民地印度和斯里兰卡种植，但中国的绿茶质量要好得多，英国大陆的消费者还是特别推崇中国的茶叶。

但除了绿茶，英国不得不进口大量中国商品。中国当时已经是优秀的制造商，品质上乘。当时，各国用白银进行跨境贸易，英国所有的白银都被中国赚走了。

China did not import anything from Britain. They said they do not need any foreign goods. Angry Britain Empire decided to take out China 's silver. They sold opium to China. Many Chinese had addicted to opium. The chinese became angry and has poured opium into the sea. The British declared this was a provocation.

At that time, Britain had a superior warships, cannon, and artillery skills. Several British warships were moving along Chinese coast toward Beiing, destroying major coastal cities with cannons. The Chinese government surrendered when the warships arrived near Beiing. The Chinese still have bad feeling at the UK for this.

但中国却没有从英国进口任何东西。中国说他们不需要任何外国货物。愤怒的大英帝国决定抢走中国的白银。于是他们向中国出售鸦片。许多中国人吸食鸦片并彻底上瘾。中国生气了，把鸦片倒进了海里。英国称中国此举是一种挑衅。

当时，英国拥有优越的战舰、大炮和火炮技术。几艘英国军舰沿着中国海岸驶向北京，用坚船利炮撞开了主要的沿海城市的大门。当英国军舰抵达北京附近时，清政府投降了。中国人至今对英国的观感仍然不好。

Alexander Donkersloot

What is the opium war between Great Britain and China?

China was selling Britain a lot of Tea in the 1800’s and Britain wanted to sell some of their goods to China to equal the trade imbalance. However China refused. This resorted to Britain smuggling Opium into China illegally. Chinese officials were bribed and corruption was present. This opium caused a major addiction for millions of people. The Chinese angry about this, sent Lin Zexu to help take control of the opium problem. He seized and destroyed Opium shipments. This however, made the British very mad and they sent a large naval fleet to China in 1839. The British crushed the Chinese because of their military superiority which lead to the Treaty Of Naning. This opened Chinese ports to European traders and foreigners were given more rights in China. The Second Opium War(1856) was also waged by the British and French because Britain who used excuses to wage war unequally on the Chinese already involved in trying to stop their own uprising(Tai Uprising).

英国和中国之间的鸦片战争是什么样？

中国在19世纪向英国出售了大量的茶叶，英国想把他们的一些商品卖给中国来平衡贸易失衡。但是中国拒绝了。英国于是向中国非法走私鸦片。官员收贿赂，腐败丛生。

这种鸦片让数百万中国人染上了严重的毒瘾。清政府派林则徐前去控制鸦片。林则徐截获并销毁了大批鸦片。这激怒了英国人，他们在1839年向中国派遣了一支庞大的海军舰队。

英国人仗着军事优势打败了中国人，迫使清政府签订了南京条约。这为欧洲商人打开了中国的口岸，外国人在中国获得了更多的权利。

第二次鸦片战争(1856年)也是由英国和法国发动的，英国伺机对正在焦头烂额设法镇压国内起义(太平天国起义)的中国发动了不平等的战争。

Sean Ng

Have the Chinese ever had a chance to win the Opium Wars?

Yes, but the imperial court turned inward and refused to industrialise and was not able to compete with the other powers. If it had understood the mercantilist impulses of the British Empire a bit more, maybe their trade with it could have not been so one-sided and they could have managed the relationship better. But the imperial court super wasn’t concerned about that.

中国人有机会赢得鸦片战争吗？

是的，但朝廷闭关自守，拒绝进行工业化，无法与其他大国竞争。如果中国对大英帝国的重商主义多一些了解，也许他们与大英帝国的贸易就不会出现如此巨额的贸易失衡，也就能更好地处理两国关系。但是中国朝廷对此并不在意。

Wenhe Lu

What if China had managed to defeat Britain during First Opium War?

If China had defeated the Great Britain in 1840, China would have stayed the course it had pursued and most likely would not make much changes until it would come across with the western power again. Soon or later, China would have to address the issue of modernization and science. In that regard the opium war was not that bad for China. The British might have treated as a commodity, but the Chinese end would treat it as a poison sent over by the west. The demands of the Britain at the time was to open the market of China to Britain. That demand was not that bad by itself.

如果中国在第一次鸦片战争中打败了英国会怎么样？

如果中国在1840年打败了英国，中国会坚持自己的路线，可能不会做出太大的改变，直到再次遇到西方大国。中国迟早要解决现代化和科学的问题。在这方面，鸦片战争对中国并非全是坏事。英国人可能把鸦片当作一种商品，但中国人把鸦片当作西方送来的毒药。英国当时的要求是中国向英国开放市场。这种需求本身并不太过分。