Why hasn't India bought any advanced fighter jets from China?

为什么印度不从中国购买先进战机？

以下是Quora网友的评价：

Shenoi R Rakesh

Well we have stopped importing cheap chinese toys , which used to be dumped in bulk in international markets all over world. Cheap unrealiable and toxc garbage after one month of use … Opps you thought i was smoking pot and gave a wrong answer . nopes we have same opinion of their fighter planes .

We are ourselves develo our planes rather than buy junk and become victim of modern shylock country -we do not trust .

我们现在已经停止进口廉价的中国玩具了，这些玩具过去在世界各国市场上大量倾销。不出一个月就会变成廉价、不靠谱的有毒废品.....你是不是以为我在抽大麻，所以答非所问了。不，我们觉得他们的战斗机也是一样不靠谱。

我们自己在研制自己的飞机，我们不会购买垃圾货，变成现代夏洛克的受害者—我们不信任他们。

SwgmanBK

China isnt selling. Unless India wants export grade JF17s. Then fine. Otherwise China is not selling the really advanced stuff to anyone. No one will ever get a J20 outside of China.

中国不卖啊。除非印度想要出口级的JF17，那还行，否则中国不会向任何人出售真正先进的东西。除了中国，其他国家都不可能拿到J20。

Aya Shawn

Overall, this is because India currently lacks self-confidence

After years of hard work, India is still unable to achieve independent production of advanced fighter jets. After more than ten years of development, the LCA Fighter has not yet truly achieved localization.

总的来说，这是因为印度目前缺乏自信。

经过多年的努力，印度还是无法实现先进战斗机的自主生产，轻型战斗机也未能真正实现国产化。

Therefore, the Indian Air Force relies heavily on foreign equipment. This also makes them very sensitive to the reliability of foreign equipment.

India and China had a border war in 1962 and have also had border conflicts in recent years. From China's perspective, these are unimportant things that don't even make the headlines. But from India's perspective, China is an enemy that is eager to invade India at any time.

因此，印度空军严重依赖外国装备，这也使他们对外国装备的可靠性非常敏感。

印度和中国在1962年爆发过边境战争，近年来也发生过边境冲突。从中国的角度来看，这些事都不重要，也压根上不了头条。但从印度的角度来看，中国是一个随时准备入侵印度的敌人。

Regarding India's purchase of fighter jets from China, the first reaction of Indians is: How can India purchase advanced fighter jets from its enemy?

In the event of a war with China, will the capabilities of these fighter jets be guaranteed? If there is no supply of spare parts or even software limitations, wouldn't the Indian Air Force be doomed?

对于印度从中国购买战机，印度人的第一反应是：印度怎么能向敌人购买先进战机呢？

如果印度和中国发生战争，这些战斗机的性能会有保证吗？如果中国中断零部件供应，甚至对软件进行限制，印度空军不是注定要失败吗？

Perhaps, Indians will think that "not buying fighter planes from the enemy" is a natural behavior. but it is not the truth. The Chinese have always been willing to buy fighter jets from any country, even those they consider their enemies. Of course, Those fighter jets have to feel valuable to them

For example, when China and the Soviet Union became enemies, they still imported MiG-21s from the Soviet Union. It seems that the relationship between China and the United States is not very good now, but if the United States is willing to sell F35 to China, they will definitely buy a lot of them happily.

也许，印度人认为“不向敌人购买战斗机”是一种自然的行为。但事实并非如此。中国人一直愿意从所有国家购买战斗机，即便是那些被他们视为敌人的国家。当然，那些战斗机对他们来说是很有价值的。

例如，中苏反目时，他们仍然从苏联进口米格-21。目前中美关系似乎不是很好，但是如果美国愿意把F35卖给中国，他们肯定会很乐意购买。

The Chinese treat this issue much more simply than the Indians. They don't worry about anything at all because they are more than capable of handling their own aircraft. If foreign aircraft are good, then buy some to play with. If there is a war and these fighters cannot be used, then replace them with your own. For them, purchasing fighter jets from any country will help improve their capabilities, and there are no unacceptable risks.

This is the self-confidence of the Chinese, which Indians currently lack.

中国人对待这个问题比印度人简单得多。他们根本不担心任何事情。如果外国飞机很好，那就买一些来玩玩。如果发生战争，这些战斗机无法使用，那就用自己的战斗机来代替。对中国而言，从任何国家购买战斗机都有助于提高他们自己的能力，不存在什么无法接受的风险。

这就是中国人的自信，而印度人目前就缺乏这种自信。

Krish Inna

you want to buy aircrafts form a a enemy nation . believe me the aircrafts of china like that chengdu shit has still a low quality like other products we get from china

你竟然想向敌国购买飞机。相信我，中国飞机的质量还很差，就像中国出售的其他商品一样

Ccp Slayer 1

1st - Because China is our enemy

2nd - no major country buys Chinese jets Because they are very unreliable and falls behind the claims that makes and have very major parts shortage

3rd - if some country wants cheaper jets then they simply buy from RUSSIA

第一，因为中国是我们的敌人

第二，其他大国也不会购买中国飞机，因为它们非常不可靠，名不副实，而且存在严重的零部件短缺的问题。

第三，有些国家想要便宜一点的飞机，他们会向俄罗斯购买

Sunil Gaun

The decision to sell or not sell the JF-17 Thunder to India is influenced by various geopolitical, strategic, and diplomatic factors between China and India.

要不要向印度出售JF-17雷电的决定受到中印之间各种地缘政治、战略和外交因素的影响。

Pavan

It is not that we cannot try to reverse engineer like China but it is due to the below reasons

If we reverse engineer a product than we are not honouring intellectual property rights. Original equipment manufacturers will hesitate to sell anything to India and they will be very vary to do business with us.

We may not be able to produce the product like the OEM did. We may end up producing below par technology and ruining our relationship with not just the company but countries also

我们印度不是没办法像中国那样进行逆向工程，我们是由于以下原因：

如果我们对一个产品进行逆向工程，那就是不尊重知识产权的做法。装备制造商可能不愿意继续向印度出售任何装备，不愿意和我们做生意。

我们可能无法像代工工厂那样生产出一样的产品。我们可能会生产出低于原有技术标准的产品，不但会破坏我们和装备制造商的关系，也破坏我们与其他国家的关系。

Have you wondered why Pakistan is using Russian fighter engines in their JF17 manufactured by China instead of Chinese engines? China failed to copy the engine and their copies turned out to be very unreliable

China is not like India, where national importance is turned into political debated directed by news channels. China poached on several experts from Soviet union during its disintegration to kick start their reverse engineering. India does not have that luxury

你有没有想过，为什么巴基斯坦在中国制造的JF17上使用俄罗斯战斗机发动机，而非中国发动机呢？因为中国没能仿制出这种发动机，而且他们的仿制品质量不够好。

中国不像印度，在印度，新闻频道会把国家重要性上升到政治辩论。苏联解体时，中国从苏联挖走了几位专家，开始进行逆向工程。印度没有这种福气。

Since China is known for copying/reverse engineering products, no western country would sell them any of their cutting edge products in defense.

India neither have deep pockets and political will like China nor we have advanced industries that can give results in short notice

So, India choose not to reverse engineer and we pay the royalty to the company or licence produce them(example AK 203 Rifle ) with their permission combined with some R & D (not enough investment in that).

因为中国会山寨抄袭/逆向工程，西方国家都不愿意把尖端的国防产品卖给他们。

印度既没有中国那样的财力和政治意愿，也没有可以在短时间内取得成果的发达工业基础。

所以，印度选择不进行逆向工程，我们向装备制造商支付特许权使用费或许可证来生产它们(例如AK 203来福枪)，并进行一些研发(但在这方面的投资不够)。

Shourabh Kumar Thakur

The biggest problem that India face is Metallurgy.

Our country knows each and everything about our fighter planes, but they lack the technology to produce those metals which have certain specific properties pertaining to that specific spare.

Foreign countries always provides description manual, maintenance manual, fault tracing manual etc. But they never tell us About How to make those specific parts.

印度面临的最大问题是冶金技术。

我们的国家对我们的战斗机了如指掌，但却缺乏加工这些金属的技术，这些金属具有与特定备件相关的某些特定性能。

国外虽然会提供产品手册、维护手册、故障跟踪手册等，但他们绝不会告诉我们如何制造这些特定的部件。

India is not technically advanced in aerospace field right now, so they prefer purchasing fighter planes,,. Instead of investing same money in Research.

Take for example the case of Kaveri engine, a very ambitious project taken up by Indian government long back in 1986. But till date it is not performing as per the requirements, and our country has to take Russian help to develop it further.

In 2010 Our ministry of defence quoted these reasons for delay and repeated failure of our engine prototype.

印度目前在航空航天领域的技术并不发达，所以他们更喜欢直接购买战斗机，而不是把同样的钱投资在研究上。

以Kaveri发动机为例，这是印度政府早在1986年就开始实施的一个极具野心的项目。但到目前为止，仍未达到要求，印度不得不寻求俄罗斯的帮助进行研发。

2010年，我们的国防部称以下原因导致了我们的发动机原型的延期发布和反复失败。

"Ab-initio development of state-of-the-art gas turbine technologies.

Technical/technological complexties.

Lack of availability of critical equipment & materials and denial of technologies by the technologically advanced countries.

Lack of availability of test facilities in the country necessitating testing abroad.

Non availability of skilled/technically specialized manpower."

So it will take some more years for our country, to develop our own engine. But it is never going to copy someone`s else design.

“从零起步，研发最先进的燃气轮机技术。

技术/工艺非常复杂。

缺乏关键设备和材料，技术发达国家拒绝提供技术。

缺乏可用的测试设施，需要在国外进行测试。

缺乏熟练的/技术方面的专业人士。”

所以我们国家还需要更多时间来研制我们自己的发动机。但我们永远不会抄袭别人的设计。

Mohit

It might be because of firstly the lack of even moderately advanced tech necessary for reverse engineering as well as a lack of highly educated, skilled engineers and researchers staying back on India to work in the defence sector. Another contributing factor might that some tech might be too complicated to reverse engineering without intelligence about it or plans of it.

这可能是因为，首先，我们缺乏逆向工程所需的中等水平的技术，印度国防部门也缺乏受过高等教育的熟练工程师和研究人员。其次可能是因为某些技术过于复杂，无法在缺乏情报或计划的情况下开展逆向工程。

Jagannathan Govindarajan

Why does India import weapons, fighter jets, and all instead of making it themselves to save trillions and create millions of jobs? How is China able to make all of their weapons, jets, etc. on their own?

为什么印度要进口武器、战斗机等等呢，为什么不自己制造，这样可以节省数万亿美元，创造数百万个就业机会？中国为什么能自己制造所有的武器、飞机呢？

There exst multiple politicians, defence personnel, lobbying groups and middle-men in India who have grown fat off of kickbacks and commissions from arms imports. Every time India makes a substantial step towards indigenous defence equipment manufacturing, this unholy nexus bares its fangs.

The Bofors scandal is only an instance which came out into the open and Rajiv Gandhi was almost stripped naked. The Augusta chopper scandal during UPA 2 is another instance where Sonia Gandhi and her minions came this close to getting painted guilty.

印度有很多政客、国防人员、游说团体和中间人，他们靠着武器进口的回扣和佣金大发横财。只要印度向本土国防装备制造迈出实质性一步时，这种恶魔就会露出獠牙。

博福斯丑闻只是其中一个公开的例子罢了，拉吉夫·甘地几乎被扒了个底裤朝天。第二届团结进步联盟执政期间的奥古斯塔直升机丑闻则是另一个例子，索尼娅·甘地和她的奴才差点被定罪。

You can see a flurry of articles in the media stating negative facts and negative untruths about the indigenous equipment. For instance, the LCA is derided in the media saying that it's not even fully indigenous. Yes, but so what? Even Saab's Gripen has ~ 50% non-indigenous components.

Then the corrupt army officials do their part. In 2008, when MBT Arjun was on trial in the desert against the T-90 for reference, the corrupt evaluating officer ordered the Arjun tank driver to conduct the tests - all 1000 Km of it - in reverse gear! But still, the tank's engine kept working well and the Arjun whipped the T-90 in all aspects except the weight criteria.

你可以在媒体上看到一系列关于国产设备的负面事实和负面谎言的文章。例如，媒体嘲笑轻型战斗机LCA并非完全国产。是的，但那又怎样？萨博的鹰狮也有50%的进口部件。

然后是腐败的军队官员。2008年，当阿琼主战坦克在沙漠中与T-90进行测试时，黑心评估官员命令阿琼坦克驾驶员用倒挡进行1000公里的测试！但坦克的发动机依然毫发无损，除了重量不同，阿琼坦克在所有方面都胜过T-90。

Thangiah Kannan

Even USA, Russia and China imports weapons from other countries. Earlier India always import weapons with technology to manufacture . But this government has changed it giving the technology to a private player even if they are Indian. Will it spur other local players to manufacture or the participation of local players hinders our security is to be wait and seen.

美国、俄罗斯和中国也会从其他国家进口武器装备。早前印度总是进口能提供生产技术的武器。但是这届政府调整了规则，把技术交给了私人企业。这样做能否刺激其他本土企业参与制造，本土企业的参与会不会阻碍我们的安全，都还有待观察。

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