Who looted India the most, the Mughals, the British or Modiji?

谁掠夺印度最多，莫卧儿王朝、英国人还是莫迪？

以下是Quora网友的评价：

PP

Mughals looted India initially. But after they settled they did not. They did not send the wealth of India outside. The economy was good. British looted India to the core. There were famine in India . British left us only with our underwear.

Modiji is a great de ocratically elected Indian monarch. Soon all other Indians except the Gujaratihis ,will be without our underwear too.

莫卧儿最早开始掠夺印度。但在他们安顿下来后，就不再这么做了。他们并没有把印度的财富转移到国外。印度的经济很不错。英国把印度搜刮得干干净净。印度爆发饥荒。英国人什么都没有给我们留。

莫迪是一位伟大的民选印度君 主。但很快，除了古吉拉特邦，其他印度人也啥都不剩了。

Jignesh Parekh

Prime minister Narendra Modi prime minister Narendra Modi had looted wealth of india in 7 years earned by Congress in 70 years

莫迪在7年时间里把国大党70年累积的财富都劫走了。

Jaivik Joshi

Who is responsible for degradation of indian currency now?

Our corrupt mentality

AnS: Our fool citizens were trapped under politics and family disputes likewise today we are targeted as vote bank just to indirectly shut our mouth so we cannot ask about money distribution/transactions about our taxes

谁该为印度货币的贬值负责？

我们印度人的腐败心态

我们愚蠢的印度公民被困在政治和家庭纠纷中，我们变成了选举拉票的目标，他们只想间接地让我们闭嘴，这样我们就不能过问我们缴纳的税金如何分配/交易。

Bro think wise apart from politics only we are responsible

We remain shut(including my ancestors )

(Truth is hard but we have to accept)

now would any indian student of law ever asked que against any case if he would provided job under famous lawyer? ————————No

兄弟，撇开政治不谈，我们自己才是责任人

我们一直思想封闭

(事实很难，但我们必须接受)

现在，如果印度法律系的学生想在著名律师手下工作，他会对任何案件提出质疑吗？—不会。

Kuriakose N Varkey

The Mughals did not exactly loot India. They ruled India over a long period of time. Corruption was there as in almost every other dispensation: but, money was not taken out of the country.

The looting was carried out by the British on an unimaginable scale. Not only that, the plundered wealth was taken out of India to England and vastly contributed to make Britain what it once was and is today. No doubts about it. It was this export of looted wealth that pushed India into chronic poverty and backwardness from a position of prosperity and self-sustenance. We have yet to recover.

We got many things from the British. However, the plunder of our wealth and assets remains a black spot in India's history.

莫卧儿王朝并没有掠夺印度的财富。他们统治了印度很长一段时间，和其他政权一样也存在腐败，但是，他们并没有把钱从这个国家带走。

英国人对印度的掠夺规模之大令人难以想象。不仅如此，英国把从印度掠夺来的财富带回了英国，这些财富为英国的过去和现在做出了巨大贡献。毫无疑问。正是这种财富的流失，印度从繁荣和自给自足坠入了长期贫困和落后的境地，至今还没能恢复。

我们从英国人那里得到了很多东西。但英国对印度的财富和资产的掠夺仍然是印度历史上的耻辱。

Akbar Basha

When Moghals were thrown out, still there was plenty of gold & silver every where which attracted the British, Potuguese, French etc towards India.

When British left, I was a school kid and I saw there was in every poor man's house still had some silver utensils. If a child is born, silver feeder bottle used to be gifted by someone. When guests arrive, they would be served water in glass made of silver and food in silver plates. Even our British Re 1 coin was in circulation till mid 1950s which was made of 10 gms of pure silver. In other words everyone carried some silver (coin) in his Pocket. Every person, however poor he may be could make his own house by the end of his career, as well as gold jewels for his family, which is impossible now. It is said that the Nizam of Hyderabad could have walked on golden bricks upto a distance of Delhi.

当莫卧儿被赶下台时，印度还有大量的黄金和白银，吸引了英国人、葡萄牙人、法国人等人来到印度。

英国人离开印度的时候，我还是个小学生，我看到穷人家里也还有一些银器。如果有新生儿降生，以前会把银奶瓶当做赠礼。客人来家里做客，主人会用银制的杯子盛水，用银制的盘子盛食物。英国1卢比硬币直到20世纪50年代中期还在流通，它是由10克纯银制成的。换句话说，每个印度人的口袋里都还有一些银币。不管印度人多穷，退休时都能建一栋自己的房子，并为他的家人打黄金首饰，这在现在已经是不可能的事了。据说海得拉巴的尼扎姆可以踩着金砖走到距离德里很远的地方。

The Moghals & British were here to stay, not to loot the country for every 5 years or so as elected members and transfer India's wealth to Swiss bank & others overseas. . So the outside rulers had honesty and the British left behind a generation of honest politicians.

莫卧儿和英国人都是在印度耕耘的，不是那些每隔5年被选举出来掠夺印度、并把印度的财富转移到瑞士银行和其他海外银行的政客。因此，外国统治者反倒诚信正直，英国给印度留下了一代诚实的政治家。

Pabitra Saha

Who looted India more, Britishers, Mughals, or the current politicians?

Current politician by a magnitude of several orders.

Mughals never looted for most part of their reign.

Biritish made wealth out of technological backwardness and our ignorance of global realities but contributed a great deal by building canal, telegraph and rail networks as well as creating a rule based law ( much of which has been lost in last 70 years).

谁掠夺印度更多呢，英国人、莫卧儿人还是现任政客？

现任政客领先了几个数量级呢。

莫卧儿在统治的大部分时间里从未洗劫过印度财富。

英国借着印度技术落后和无知中赚取了财富，但同时也通过修建运河、电报和铁路网络以及法律(其中大部分在过去70年里已经废弃)为印度做出了巨大贡献。

Nimmakayala Veera Raghavulu Naidu

Was India looted by the British and Mughals the most or Indian politicians and bureaucrats looted most of India?

印度是被英国人和莫卧儿人掠夺得多，还是被印度政客和官僚掠夺得多？

Mughals did not loot India to repatriate the largesse out of India.

Yes the British colonials looted the country and repatriated huge sum though an unlikely $45Tr as some say. Of course it is difficult to enumerate / evaluate.

But it is not difficult to say how much the Politico-Bureaucrat nexus is looting the country since 1955 and particularly since 2003 when the scale of loot is huge and repatriation to safer havens outside India also is more.

莫卧儿王朝并没有掠夺印度，把财富从印度运走。

而英国殖民者确实掠夺了印度，把巨额财富运回了英国，有些人说可能高达45万亿美元，但真实性还有待验证。当然，这很难列举/估价。

自1955年以来，尤其是自2003年以来，印度政客和官僚究竟搜刮了多少财富，很难统计，他们的掠夺规模极大，巨额资金外流到印度以外更安全的避风港。

The present scale of corruption loot may be Rs25,00,000 cr per annum most conservative estimate, much goes into real estate and farm lands, diamonds and gold besides in safe tax havens. As recently confirmed by contractors in Karnataka and as seen from the washing away of Expressways and Projects built under Modi’s BJP and in AP we can believe that 40% of any civil work is eaten away by politicians, bureaucrats and engineers.

根据最保守的估计，目前贪污腐败的规模可能达到了每年25万亿卢比，除了流入几个安全的避税天堂之外，还有很多钱流入了房地产、农田、钻石和黄金。最近卡纳塔克邦的承包商就证实了这一点，从莫迪领导的人民党和安得拉邦修建的高速公路和项目被冲垮的事故来看，我们可以推测40%的工程费用都被政客、官僚和工程师私吞了。

It may be assessed from our place in the world’s most corrupt at No. 85 and from the fact that Transparency International, the Global Coalition against Corruption, was driven out of India by Modi’s BJP govt. For Modi’s BJP collecting bribes is legal as practiced by Kautilya to win supporters to Chandragupt and so there is no black money in the country. Don’t forget that corrupt money runs a parallel economy in India.

So what our Politicians and Bureaucrats are looting definitely is not less than what the Btish had. At least the British paid back some to build Infrastructure where as these Neo-looters are even selling away infrastructure for bribes and kickbacks.

印度在全球腐败国家排名中位列第85，透明国际和全球反腐败联盟被莫迪的人民党政府赶出印度等事实足以证明这一点。莫迪的人民党收取贿赂是合法的，就像考提利亚为钱德拉古普特争取支持者所做的那样，所以这个国家没有黑钱。别忘了，腐败资金在印度掌控着一个平行经济。

所以我们的政客和官僚们所掠夺的肯定不会比英国人少。起码英国人还投资了一些钱来修建基础设施，而现在这批掠夺者为了贿赂和回扣甚至会出售基础设施。

Vinod Jain

All are equal in their times.

Politicians

Bureaucrats

Govt officials

And many more are involved in looting india now

在各自的时代，这些人都一样心狠手辣。

政客们

官僚

政府官员

现在有更多的人参与对印度的掠夺

Kancheepuram Narasimhan

Who has looted India most - Indian politicians or Britishers?

There is NO PEER to Indians in this. In TN, my junior once told me:

PWD / or village panchayat showed- expense 7 lac to dig a well, 2 lac to close it, because found no water. In reality- well was NOT dug at all. 100% loot.

Railways- Gauge conversion- 10 crores per kilometer! ( No new land acquisition, even old rails can be used), but 10 crores/km!

90% or more of public money looted in many ways.

谁掠夺印度最多呢—印度政客还是英国人？

在这方面，没有人能与印度人相提并论。我的学弟曾经告诉我：

村委会称挖一口井花了70万卢比，因为没有水，又画了花了20万卢比把井回填了。事实上，这口井压根就没有挖过。这些钱100%被贪污了。

铁路-轨距转换-每公里花费1亿卢比！(没有征用新的土地，旧铁路也还可以继续使用)，但花费就是每公里1亿卢比！

90%或更多的公共资金都通过多种方式被掠夺了。

Sriram Bhamidipati

Who has looted India most - Indian politicians or Britishers?

Ignorant Indian slaves who we call people. We looted ourselves by choosing to be ignorant and electing the deserving looters who throw some candy for each re-election by means of subsidies, biryani and booze. That is about 80% of illiterate and 99.99% literate slaves. The 0.001% can not make a dent to this juggernaut’s course of self-loot

谁掠夺印度最多呢—印度政客还是英国人？

无知的印度奴隶，我们称之为印度人。我们自愿无知粗鄙，推选抢掠者来掠夺自己，这些抢掠者通过补贴，印度香饭和酒为每次改选给印度人一些甜头。印度人就是80%的文盲和99.99%的识字奴隶，余下的0.001%印度人也无法撼动印度政客的掠夺。

Aravind Varier

QUESTION : Who hurt India the most, the British or the Mughals?

ANSWER : In my opinion, neither the Mughal rule nor the British rule in the past is hurting Indians living in the 21 century India.

Based to my observation, Aryan Invasion from central Asia to South Asia around 3500 years back is hurting Indians even in the 21st century.

I will give a simple example to help people under the subject

Aryan Invaders were responsible for creating the “Caste system" in South Asia and unfortunately many Indians living in the 21st century are victims of caste discrimination.

问：谁对印度造成的伤害最大，英国还是莫卧儿王朝？

回答：在我看来，过去的莫卧儿统治和英国统治都没有伤害生活在21世纪印度的印度人。

根据我的观察，雅利安人3500年前从中亚入侵南亚，对印度人的伤害持续到了21世纪。

雅利安入侵者在南亚创造了“种姓制度”，而生活在21世纪的许多印度人依然还是种姓歧视的受害者。

Deepak Mehta

Going by the historical GDP estimates by Angus Maddison in his book Contours of the World Economy 1-2030 AD, we find the below estimates for the real GDP in terms of 1990$.

1500 - $60.5 bn (let’s take this as the start of the Mughal empire)

1850 - $125 bn (end of Mughal empire, start of British)

1947 - $214 bn (end of British empire)

which basically translates to

107% growth during 350 years of the Mughal empire, or about 0.21% per annum

71% growth during 100 years of British empire, or about 0.54% per annum

For the sake of comparison, the same growth for India post-independence has been ~4.5% per annum.

根据安格斯·麦迪森在其著作《1-2030年世界经济轮廓》中对历史GDP的估计，我们发现以1990年美元计算的实际GDP的估计如下：

1500 - 605亿美元 (我们可以把这个时间作为莫卧儿帝国的开始)

1850年- 1250亿美元 (莫卧儿帝国结束，英国开始统治印度)

1947年- 2140亿美元 (英国结束统治)

我们可以解读成：

在莫卧儿帝国统治的350年里，印度经济增长了107%，也即每年0.21%

在英国统治的100年里，印度经济增长了71%，也即每年0.54%

而作为对比，印度独立后的经济增长率平均为每年4.5%。

Siddhant Dhagamwar

The Mughals were far better than the Britishers.

When the Mughals invaded the Indian subcontinent in 1526, they were goverend by this one supreme motive- To conquer the territories and govern them.

Undoubtedly, the Mughals did eye on the immense wealth this country had in its store, but a sizeable portion of the wealth looted by them was inturn invested back in India for the construction of palaces, forts, mosques and many other monuments of Mughal history that we see today.

The Mughals also spent dearly on the welfare of the population by constructing canals, ports and even trade centres and cities.

莫卧儿人比英国人强多了。

当莫卧儿王朝在1526年入侵印度次大陆时，他们的统治动机只有一个—征服并统治这片领土。

当然，莫卧儿王朝确实盯上了印度的巨大财富，但他们掠夺的财富中有相当大一部分又被投资回印度，用于建造宫殿、堡垒、清真寺和我们今天看到的许多其他莫卧儿时期的历史纪念碑。

莫卧儿王朝还在人民的福利上花费巨资，修建运河、港口，甚至贸易中心和城市。