Why is Russia poorer than India?

为什么俄罗斯比印度穷？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Arch Stanton

HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAAAAAAAAAA!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

incredible! superpower! india! has a PER CAPITA GDP of 2,600 dollars WHICH MEANS THAT incredible! superpower! india! IS POORER/HAS A LOWER PER CAPITA GDP than:

哈哈哈。

了不起的超级大国印度—人均GDP仅有区区的2600美元，这意味着了不起的超级大国印度比下列国家还穷/人均GDP更低：

ANGOLA

GHANA

REPUBLIC OF CONGO

IVORY COAST

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

SANCTION-DESTROYED VENEZUELA

SANCTION-DESTROYED IRAN

ECONOMICALLY FAILED LEBANON

NAZIsraeli-OCCUPIED PALESTINE

WAR DESTROYED SYRIA

WAR DESTROYED LIBYA

STREET GANGS DEVASTATED EL SALVADOR

安哥拉

加纳

刚果共和国

科特迪瓦

巴布亚新几内亚

被制裁摧毁的委内瑞拉

被制裁摧毁的伊朗

经济崩盘的黎巴嫩

被以色列占领的巴勒斯坦

被战争摧毁的叙利亚

被战争摧毁的利比亚

被街头帮派蹂躏的萨尔瓦多

AND, if we then take into account the 440 MILLION "indians" IN Uttar Pradesh and Bihar and Madhya Pradesh, we see that those 440 MILLION "indians" ARE POORER/HAVE A LOWER PER CAPITA GDP than people in:

而且，如果我们把北方邦、比哈尔邦和中央邦的4.4亿“印度人”也算进来，这4.4亿“印度人”比以下地区的人更穷/人均GDP更低：

KENYA

HAITI

ZIMBABWE

SENEGAL

CAMEROON

ZAMBIA

TANZANIA

UGANDA

SUDAN

肯尼亚

海地

津巴布韦

塞内加尔

喀麦隆

赞比亚

坦桑尼亚

乌干达

苏丹

Vansh Mahindra

There are several factors that contribute to the differences in wealth between Russia and India. Here are a few possible reasons why Russia may be poorer than India:

有几个因素导致了俄罗斯和印度之间的财富差异。以下是俄罗斯可能比印度穷的几个原因：

Economic history: Russia and India have had very different economic histories. Russia was part of the Soviet Union, which was a socialist state with a planned economy. The Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, and Russia has since transitioned to a market economy. This transition has been accompanied by significant economic challenges, including high inflation, a decline in industrial production, and a decline in living standards for many people. In contrast, India has had a mixed economy, with elements of both a planned and a market economy, and has experienced more steady economic growth over the past few decades.

经济史：俄罗斯和印度有着非常不同的经济史。俄罗斯曾是苏联的一部分，苏联是实施计划经济的社会主义国家。苏联于1991年解体，俄罗斯自此转向市场经济。这个转变伴随着重大的经济挑战，包括高通胀、工业产量下降和人民生活水平下降。相比之下，印度是混合经济，既有计划经济也有市场经济，在过去几十年里经济增长更加稳定。

Natural resources: Russia is a country with a wealth of natural resources, including oil, natural gas, timber, and minerals. However, the country has struggled to develop a diversified economy and has relied heavily on its natural resources for economic growth. In contrast, India has a more diverse economy, with a mix of agriculture, manufacturing, and services.

自然资源：俄罗斯是一个拥有丰富自然资源的国家，包括石油、天然气、木材和矿产。但俄罗斯一直未能发展多元化的经济，严重依赖其自然资源的经济增长。相比之下，印度的经济更加多样化，既有农业、制造业，也有服务业。

Political and social issues: Political instability, corruption, and social unrest can all contribute to economic difficulties. Russia has faced several political and social challenges in recent years, which have had an impact on its economy. India has also faced political and social issues, but these may have had a lesser impact on its economic growth.

政治和社会问题：政治不稳定、腐败和社会动荡都可能导致经济困难。近年来，俄罗斯面临着一些政治和社会挑战，这些挑战对俄罗斯经济产生了影响。印度也面临着政治和社会问题，但这些问题对印度经济增长的影响可能较小。

Overall, there are many complex factors that contribute to differences in wealth between countries. While Russia and India are both large, diverse countries with significant economic potential, they have had different economic histories and have faced different challenges and opportunities.

总的来说，许多复杂的因素导致了不同国家之间的财富差异。虽然俄罗斯和印度都是具有巨大经济潜力的大国，但它们有着不同的经济历史，面临着不同的挑战和机遇。

Hitendra Arya

Millions of Russians paid less than 150 US dollars .According to Rosstat, 18.1 million Russians or 12.3% of the population were living in poverty in 2019. That at least is the national average, but the poverty level varies widely across the 85 federal subjects – between 5.6% and 34.7%.

据俄罗斯国家统计局统计，俄罗斯有1810万人生活在贫困中，占总人口的12.3%。这是全国平均水平，但85个联邦主体的群众贫困水平差异很大，在5.6%到34.7%之间。

The ‘poor’ are defined as those who live in households in which total income is less than the legal minimum subsistence level. In 2021, the country’s monthly subsistence minimum is set at 11,653 roubles (approxmately US$157 as of 1 January 2021). This is official figure, unofficial figure is higher. Income is very unevenly distributed in comparison to india. Corruption is unimaginable . Life of middle class is at worst when you compare to India prospering middle class.

“贫困”的定义是那些生活在总收入低于法定最低生活水平的家庭。2021年，俄罗斯每月最低生活保障标准定为11,653卢布(2021年1月1日约为157美元)。这是官方数据，非官方数字更高。与印度相比，俄罗斯收入分配严重失衡。腐败程度难以想象。与印度繁荣的中产阶级相比，俄罗斯中产阶级的生活十分糟糕。

The small group of powerful people in Russia held all the wealth and the masses remain poor.

在俄罗斯，一小群有权有势的人拥有所有的财富，而普罗大众仍然贫穷。

Akshat Mishra

Well India surely richer than Russia, but are the Indians richer than Russians?

Nope, Because even if GDP of India is High, PCI of Russia is higher.

印度肯定比俄罗斯富裕，但印度人有比俄罗斯人富裕吗？

不，因为即便印度的GDP比俄罗斯高，俄罗斯的生产能力指数也还是超过印度。

Now coming to the Why India is richer than the country Russia part: Well, This is due to the stark difference in populations. India is the 2nd Most populated country in the world, so it is expected to stay atleast in the top 5 rich countries (India is ranked 5th).

So conclusion: India is rich but Indians aren’t, Russia is comparatively poor but Russians aren’t.

现在来谈谈为什么印度比俄罗斯富裕：嗯，这是因为两国在人口上存在明显差异。印度是世界上人口第二多的国家，所以预计它至少可以位列富裕国家排行的前5名中(印度排名第5)。

所以结论是：印度这个国家是富裕的，但印度人并不富，俄罗斯这个国家相对贫穷，但俄罗斯人并不穷。

BlueSasuke

By no means Russia is poorer than India. In terms of GDP (PPP), Russia is well over $29,000, compared to India’s $8,358.

Russia’s capital city Moscow is a mixture of architectural wonder and modern buildings with no sign of slums. Russia has an HDI score of 0.824, 12.60% poverty rate, 99.7% literacy rate, 73yrs of life expectancy, and a global hunger index ranking of 25. Despite being amongst the most developed regions of India, Delhi is extremely polluted. 28% of Delhi’s population lives in the slums. Most of Delhi is filled with crowded buildings and narrow roads. With an HDI score of 0.645, 21.9% Poverty rate, 77.7% literacy rate, 69yrs of life expectancy, and a global hunger index ranking of 100, India is nowhere near Russia in terms of financial situation.

俄罗斯绝不比印度穷。就购买力平价GDP而言，俄罗斯远超29000美元，而印度仅为8358美元。

俄罗斯首都莫斯科是建筑奇迹和现代建筑的集合，看不到贫民窟的任何踪迹。俄罗斯的人类发展指数得分为0.824，贫困率为12.60%，识字率为99.7%，预期寿命为73岁，全球饥饿指数排名为25。虽然德里是印度最发达的地区之一，但污染严重。德里28%的人口生活在贫民窟。德里的大部分地区都是拥挤的建筑和狭窄的道路。印度的人类发展指数为0.645，贫困率为21.9%，识字率为77.7%，平均寿命为69岁，全球饥饿指数排名为100，在财政状况方面与俄罗斯相去甚远。

Levin Aryan

Russia is more richer than India. Really speaking Russia is the most Richest country in world. Do not go by paper currency, it is all manipulation. Who ever has the most land has the most resources. Russia has the most land and it is the Richest. If you take paper money than America is the Richest. But paper is paper, if you loose the trust in it, it has no value.

俄罗斯比印度更富有。说真的，俄罗斯是世界上最富有的国家。别光看纸币，全是人为操纵的。谁拥有的土地最多，谁拥有的资源就最多。俄罗斯拥有最多的土地，也是最富有的。如果光看纸币的话，美国是最富有的。但纸就是纸，只要你对它失去信任，它就一文不值了。

John Whitman

Russia isn’t poorer than India - it is a significantly wealthier nation.

However, perhaps you are, and I think we should, be asking a slightly different question - how does the average Russian compare to their Indian counterpart?

The average Russian is poorer than the average Indian - and that’s because of how deeply and profoundly corrupt Russia is. Several hundred Oligarchs and their immediate friends and family own almost everything of value and the masses are very poor. This isn’t anything new or shocking - it’s most of human history.

俄罗斯并不比印度穷—它是一个比印度富裕得多的国家。

我认为我们应该问这样一个问题—俄罗斯普通人的生活水平与印度人相比如何？

俄罗斯普通人比印度普通人更穷—这是因为俄罗斯的腐败程度太严重了。几百名寡头和他们的直系朋友及家人霸占了几乎所有有价值的东西，而普通百姓非常贫穷。这不是什么新鲜事，也不是什么令人震惊的事情—人类历史中大多数时候都是如此。

Rony Sarker

Russia is not a poor country. It was one of the G8 countries till 2014 (later suspended because of Crimea issue).

俄罗斯并不是穷国。2014年之前，俄罗斯一直是G8成员国之一(后来因克里米亚问题被废止了)。

Economy of Russia at a glance:

GDP Total (Nominal): 1.56 Trillion

Per Capita GDP(Nominal): $8838

HDI: 0.804 very high 49th

俄罗斯经济概览：

名义GDP：1.56万亿

人均GDP：8838美元

人类发展指数: 0.804，非常高，排第49位

Economy of India at a glance:

GDP Total (Nominal): 2.454 Trillion

Per Capita GDP(Nominal): $1850

HDI: 0.624 medium 131st

印度经济概览：

名义GDP：2.454万亿

人均GDP：1850美元

人类发展指数: 0.624，中等，排第131位

Now consider two families. One family consisting of 30 members has a total monthly income of 30k (per capita income is 1k). Another family consisting of only 2 members has a total monthly income of 20k (per capita income is 10k).

Now tell me which family is better off?

Surely, the second one.

现在对比两个家庭。一个30口之家的月总收入为3万(人均收入为1000)。另一个2口之家，月总收入为2万(人均收入为1万)。

现在你来告诉我哪个家庭的日子更好过？

当然是第二个家庭。

For the first family, buying foods will eat up the whole income.

But the second family can afford more than eating. In addition to eating, they can go for shop, travelling etc.

Therefore, total income cannot describe the strength of the Economy, rather Per Capita Income can.

对于第一家庭来说，单单购买食物一项开销就足以花光他们的全部收入。

但第二个家庭可以负担得起的不仅仅是吃饭。除了吃饭，他们还有钱购物，旅游等。

因此，总收入无法客观描述经济实力，但人均收入可以。

Elena Gold

Related

Is Russia a poor country?

俄罗斯是一个穷国吗？

Russia is so poor that top job ads today are the ones seeking k̶i̶l̶l̶e̶r̶s̶ soldiers to fight in Ukraine: USD 2,200 per month.

俄罗斯太穷了，以至于今天最热门的招聘广告都是在招募去乌克兰作战的杀手和士兵：每月2200美元。

The ad above offers:

A block of land in St. Petersburg region, to build a house (2,000,000 rub. or $22,000 in value);

One-time payout of 500,000 rub. ($5,500);

Monthly wage of 200,000 rub. ($2,200).

So, $27,500 on sign up, and then $2,200 monthly. To kill people in another country.

$27,500 is the once-off payout by the government of the region, to meet quotas: every governor has to send 5–10 thousand men to the war.

上面的广告上公布的报酬是：

圣彼得堡地区的一块土地，可以用来建房子(200万卢布或2.2万美元);

一次性支付50万卢布(5500美元);

月薪20万卢布(2200美元)。

报名可以一次性领取27500美元，然后每月领取2200美元，去另一个国家杀人。

27,500美元是该地区政府一次性支付的款项，用来冲指标：每个州长必须派遣5000-10000人参加战争。

Still, it’s a lot of money for those struggling to survive on $500/month wages.

Migrants from Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, in addition to that, can also get Russian citizenship expediently. In Uzbekistan, the average monthly wage is $260, so men travel to Russia to earn higher wages.

不过，对于那些靠着每月500美元的工资勉强度日的人来说，这是一大笔钱。

除此之外，来自乌兹别克斯坦和塔吉克斯坦的移民也可以轻松获得俄罗斯国籍。在乌兹别克斯坦，平均月工资仅为260美元，因此男人们会前往俄罗斯赚取更高的工资。

Altogether, if you survive for 12 months as a soldier on the front in Ukraine, with all the one-time payouts, it makes a wage of $4,500 per month for St. Petersburg conscripts.

(For poorer regions, they would be getting only $2,500 monthly – and the ruble keeps plunging, having lost 1/3 of its value in 12 months.)

总的来说，如果你在乌克兰前线当了12个月的士兵，加上一次性奖励，那么在圣彼得堡应征入伍的士兵的月工资为4500美元。

(在较贫穷的地区，他们每月只能得到2500美元，而且卢布持续贬值，在12个月内贬值了三分之一。)

Russia is willing to pay wages 10 times higher than average to 300,000 men, to continue killing Ukrainians – all the while complaining that the war only benefits the USA and destroys the Russian economy.

Putin is dangling a cash carrot in front of poverty-stricken Russians, making them risk their lives in hopes to score the jackpot.

It’s all about money.

If Russia weren’t a poor country, this wouldn’t be happening.

俄罗斯愿意支付比平均水平高10倍的工资给30万士兵来杀害乌克兰人—同时抱怨只有美国能从这场战争中受益，战争摧毁了俄罗斯经济。

普京向贫困的俄罗斯人撒钱，让他们冒着生命危险奔赴战场。

一切都是为了钱。

如果俄罗斯不是一个贫穷的国家，这一切就不会发生。