What are the biggest mistakes the Indian government made post independence?

印度政府在独立后犯下的最大错误是什么？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

SwiftOne SonOfSun

Nehru's ‘China-first” policy

Nehru’s “let's go to UN, on Kashmir”

Nehru's “Statist control of economy i.e. License-Permit Raj”

尼赫鲁的“中国优先”政策

尼赫鲁的“让联合国解决克什米尔问题”

尼赫鲁的“国家控制经济，即许可证制度”

Indira’s betrayal of promises made to Princely States

Indira’s Nationalizing of Banks

Indira’s failure at Shimla Agreement, where massive military victory was wasted.

Indira’s imposition of Emergency

Indira's inflaming Sikh extremism,

英迪拉背叛了对公国的承诺

英迪拉的银行国有化

英迪拉在西姆拉协议上的失败，浪费了巨大的军事胜利。

英迪拉宣布进入紧急状态

英迪拉的锡克教极端主义愈发明显

Rajiv’s reversing the Shah Bano judgment

Rajiv’s Sri Lankan misadventure.

V.P Singh's implementation of BC/OBC reservations

Rajiv/Singh - Kashmir ethnocide

拉吉夫推番了沙巴诺的判决

拉吉夫在斯里兰卡遭遇了意外事故

辛格副总理实施种姓部落预留制

拉吉夫/辛格—克什米尔大屠杀

PVNR’s Places of Worship Act

UPA I & II - ENTIRE terms were a mistake, with few good things like Nuclear Agreement with US.

Modi - failures in implementing NJAC, CAA, NRC, Farm Bills

Modi - Failure to reverse Places of Worship Act, Amend articles 26–30, RTE/93Rd Amendment, NCMEI

PVNR的宗教场所法案

团结进步联盟I和II—整个条款都是错误的，几乎没有什么好东西，比如与美国的核协议。

莫迪—在实施印度国家司法任命委员会、公民身份修正案、印度国家公民登记和农业法案方面都已失败告终

莫迪—未能撤销宗教场所法，修改RTE/第93修正案第26-30条

Amit Jodha

Failing to capitalize on anything at all.

First we had momentum, we did nothing with it.

Then we had direction, we did nothing with it.

We were offered security council seat, we didn’t take it.

We had a birth enemy, we tried to befriend him times and again.

We had green revolution, we stopped once we had enough food, instead of becoming the food superpower for the world and ourselves.

完全没有充分抓住机遇。

一开始我们有冲劲，但我们什么都没做。

然后我们有了方向，但我们什么都没做。

安理会给了我们席位，但我们没有接受。

我们有一个天生的敌人，但我们一次又一次地试图和他成为朋友。

我们进行了绿色革命，但只要我们有了足够的食物，我们就停下了，我们没能成为全世界和印度的超级食物大国。

We always just did enough.

We never believed that we can change, for real. Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia all changed around us, but we kept out competition limited to Pakistan and stayed happy.

The politicians could never think beyond wng the next elections, all while they were losing precious time.

我们总是做到做得差不多就好。

我们从来不相信我们能改变，真的。我们周围的韩国、新加坡、中国香港、中国大陆、中国台湾、印度尼西亚、马来西亚都发生了变化，但我们只盯着巴基斯坦，无忧无虑。

政客们想的只有赢得下一次选举，他们浪费了宝贵的时机。

I see my father and I see potential of a great man doing great things, but the nation wasn’t able to provide opportunities that other nations got for their young ones.

I see my mother and think, how epic it would have been if she was more educated, her math is still the best in our home, even when her schooling lasted for just 3 years, that too in a government school in her village.

我看着我的父亲，我看到了一个伟人做大事的潜力，但这个国家无法为他们的年轻人提供其他国家能提供的机会。

我看着我的母亲，我想如果她能接受更多教育该有多好，她的数学至今都是我们家最好的，虽然她只上了三年学，而且上的只是村里的公立学校。

Heck, we live in Jaipur, a colony that was formed 10 years ago, but there is still no sewage connection here. It looks all too modern, but if you sit in the balcony for the whole day, you’d see tankers taking shit away from our homes.

The government procrastinated, they feared change, they nurtured corruption at every level of the system.

I firmly believe that we only got independence in 2014. Everything before it was still very much the same, except some brave individuals who did so much, but 99.99% of the nation was just seating out the time.

我们住在斋浦尔，一个10年前才开始形成的聚居地，我们至今没有下水道管网。斋浦尔看起来十分现代，但如果你一整天都坐在阳台上，你会看到卡车从各家各户运走屎尿。

政府只会拖延，他们害怕改变，他们在体制内各个层面助长腐败风气。

我坚信印度是2014年才获得独立的。在此之前，除了一些勇敢的人努力做了些事情之外，印度没有什么改变，99.99%的印度人只是干坐着打发时间。

Krishna Suryakanth

Muslims asked for saparate nation. The demand was so serious that a nation was formed and millions and millions of Muslims travelled to Pakistan.

So on 15th August 1947, there was no difference between the Muslim living in India and Pakistan. There was only one difference, that was their choice.

MSL要求另行建国。MSL非常认真，真的成立了一个国家，数百万MSL前往巴基斯坦。

所以在1947年8月15日，生活在印度和巴基斯坦的MSL并没有区别。唯一不同的就是他们的选择。

The Muslims who lived in India, they were of two types.

Type 1: They loved India. They choose India over Pak they chose living with their Hindu brothers.

Type 2: They wanted to go to Pakistan but they couldn't. Leaving behind house, land travelling thousands of kms with a risk of theft, gang rape, murders, was not a joke.

生活在印度的MSL分为两类。

第一类：他们爱印度。他们选择了印度，他们选择和印度兄弟生活在一起。

第二类：他们想去巴基斯坦，但他们不能。抛家舍业，跨越数千公里的土地，冒着被盗窃、轮奸、谋杀的风险，这可不是开玩笑。

I being a Hindu, bow down to Type 1 who continue to serve the nation, especially army, govt, etc. I also bow down to Hindu majority tolerance on the basis of which a secular nation was formed.

So far all good. However, I have 5 things to say.

作为一名印度教徒，我尊敬继续为印度尽忠的第一类MSL，尤其是加入印度军队、政府等的人。我也尊敬印度教多数派的包容，世俗国家就是在这种包容的基础上形成的。

到目前为止一切都挺好的，但我有5件事要说。

One:

No one thought about Type 2 people.

Two:

What if these type 2 people grow and start demanding one more nation? Given the fact that they already did the same and got Pakistan, and then again they divided Pakistan into two (Pak and Bangladesh).

一:

没有人考虑过第二类MSL。

二:

如果第二类MSL羽翼渐丰，要求再建立一个国家怎么办？考虑到他们之前已经做过这样的事，分到了巴基斯坦，随后又把巴基斯坦分成了两个(巴基斯坦和孟加拉国)。

Three:

Instead of making effort to de radicalise the radicalised people of any given religion, religious biased laws were farmed.

Four:

For instance, before independence, Hindus and Muslims both were marrying more than one woman. However, post independence Hindus couldn't but Muslims could.

三:

他们没有努力缓和各个宗教的激进人士的态度，而是制定了带有宗教偏见的法律。

四:

例如，在独立之前，印度教徒和MSL都可以娶多个女人。独立后，印度教徒不能娶多个女人

Five:

All India Muslim personal law board was formed. Why? Such boards of any religion should not be formed.

Six:

This was a year before.

五:

成立了全印度MSL个人法委员会。为什么？任何宗教都不应该成立这样的委员会。

六:

这是发生在一年前的事。

Note 1: I just wanted to express my opinion. I don't intend to hurt any sentiments.

Note 2: I know many will say this is hateful answer. Please let me know which part is hateful.

Note 3: Let me know if I am wrong.

注1：我只是想表达我的观点。我并不想伤害任何人的感情。

注2：我知道很多人会说我的回答很可恶。请告诉我哪部分可恶。

注3：如果我说的有错，请告诉我。

Balakrishnan Lakshmanan

Opting for Democratic form of Government. We Indians do not deserve “Democratic form of Government”. We are still not matured enough to handle the governance in this form. The Public, People's habit too is of poor taste. Laziness, being silly, stupid, unkind, cheating, du, robbing, bribing, hoarding is what we have learnt in Democracy. Dishonesty and people eyeing others hard earned money is Sickness. Until we kick this habit, we do not deserve Democracy.

印度选择了皿煮政体。我们印度人不配拥有“皿煮政府”。我们还不够成熟，无法驾驭这种形式的治国方式。印度人品味低下，我们在皿煮国家身上只学到了懒惰、愚蠢、刻薄、欺骗、敲诈、贿赂和囤积居奇。不诚实、对别人辛苦赚来的钱虎视眈眈，都是病。除非我们改掉这个习惯，否则我们不配享有皿煮。

Rajesh Verma

In hindsight, every government can be faulted for not addressing certain matters in a manner so as to benefit the country. Kashmir is perhaps the central problem which experts generally believe could have been handled more aptly and is considered by experts to be the government’s biggest failure since independence.

每个政府都可能因为没能用对国家有利的方式解决某些问题而受到指责。克什米尔也许是个核心问题，专家们普遍认为，这个问题本可以得到更妥善的解决，专家们认为这是印度政府自独立以来最大的败笔。

Subhash Mathur

Be positive. Look for the bright side of decision making .

Many who came into power after India gained independence had made lots of sacrifices during the freedom movement including being beaten severely being denied food and lodged in jail .

Some of these people got into power to make India a modern country with an independent thinking .

乐观点，多看好的一面。

在印度独立后上台执政的许多人都曾在自由运动中做出过很多牺牲，包括遭到毒打、断食和入狱等。

这些人中有些开始掌权，使印度成为一个独立思考的现代国家。

Hence new dams new educational institutions new uni focal institutions like DRDO Space authority colleges universities new Banks roads increase in power generation and a canal net work. New industrial policy was also launched to shift labour from agriculture to industrial growth.

As Modi ji says look at rhe bright India that emerged after 400 years of alien rule is something to be admired.

因此，印度有了新的水坝，新的教育机构，新的重点机构，如印度国防研究与发展组织，航天局，学院，大学，新的银行，道路，增加发电量和运河网。印度还制订了新的产业政策，将劳动力从农业转向工业增长。

正如莫迪所说，在经历了400年的外来统治之后，印度出现了一个光明的国家，这是值得钦佩的。

And these look forward policies of Nehru followed by Indira converted India from a pre eminently agricultural nation to a modern nation with educated Indians going abroad and showing their mettle .

Many of those students are today heading the largest multinational corporate organisation's.

尼赫鲁和英迪拉的这些前瞻性政策将印度从一个农业国家转变为一个现代国家，受过教育的印度人走出国门，展示了他们的魅力。

这些人中有很多都在最大的跨国企业担任高管。

Hari Gobindram

No population control. Education not made mandatory. Health care ignored.

Reservations needs to be scrapped.

没有实施人口控制。没有推行义务教育。没有重视医疗保健。

必须取消预留制。

Avinash B

There are various things which India shouldn't have done post independence.

印度独立后不应该做的事情有很多。

No need of taking Kashmir issue in UN. It would have remove the tg of disputed region and India Pakistan relation would have not gone that bad.

Not allowing land distribution bill: while every states were signatories of this only west Bengal and Kerala implemented it.

没有必要把克什米尔问题闹到联合国。这样可以消除争议地区的紧张局势，印度和巴基斯坦的关系也不会搞得那么僵。

不允许土地分配法案：虽然每个邦都是签署国，但只有西孟加拉邦和喀拉拉邦实施了该法案。

1971 war india has best chance to end Kashmir issue once for all.India could have demand Kashmir solutions on its term in exchange with 90000 POW.

Stop Israel to destroy Pakistan nuclear reactor.

1971年战争中，印度本有一次一劳永逸地解决克什米尔问题的绝佳机会。印度可以要求按照自己的条件解决克什米尔问题，换取9万名战俘。

阻止以色列摧毁巴基斯坦的核反应堆。

Babri mosque demolition: More margilisation of Muslim youth drive them to radicalisation.

Shah banu: this case literally ended up secularism in India because its reverses India supreme court order.

1988 opening of debated site: To do the damage control of shah banu Rajiv Gandhi to improve his image open the lock of debated site.

拆除巴布里清真寺：更多的MSL青年被边缘化，变得激进。

法拉王后：这件事实际上结束了印度的世俗主义，推番了印度最高法院的指令。

1988年开放辩论网站：为了控制对拉吉夫甘地的形象的损害，打开了辩论网站的锁。

IPKF: peace kee force in srilanka instead of hel them in civil war chage srilankans views towards india.

1988 Nepal blockade: Rajiv Gandhi impose 13 months blocked on Nepal which turns whole generation of Nepali to anti Indian.

1987 Kashmir election: This election unfairness give birth to hizbul mujhaedin.

印度维和部队：在斯里兰卡的维和部队没有在内战中帮助斯里兰卡，改变了斯里兰卡对印度的看法。

1988年封锁尼泊尔：拉吉夫甘地对尼泊尔实施了13个月的封锁，这使得一代尼泊尔人都开始站到印度的对立面了。

1987年克什米尔选举：这次不公平的选举催生了ysl圣战组织。

Failure to stop KP exdous : This action polarised Hindus towards Muslims.

Intelligence failure lead to kargil conflicts.

70 year of negligence of north east India may be it has various reasons but it effected India.

未能阻止克什米尔人口外流：这一结果使印度教徒对MSL的态度两极分化。

情报失误导致了卡吉尔冲突。

对印度东北部70年的忽视可能有各种原因，但它影响了印度。

Various others India have committed various mistake as country and everybody from our politicians of decisions makers people are responsible for that. But I guess this government has not learned much from all these mistakes.

This government is not much interested in kashmir, India Nepal relations, Improving damaged relation between two communities.

印度作为一个国家，犯下过各种各样的错误，我们的政治家和决策者都要为此负责。但我想本届政府并没有从这些错误中吸取多少教训。

这个政府对克什米尔、印度和尼泊尔的关系以及改善两国之间受损的关系不太感兴趣。

Our people are same whether for this community or other, trust me we all are idiots but I am proud some people in majority hindus are presenting resistance to other forces but I must tell our minorities them self are not much active.

We can blame anybody but blaming is not going to reduce our ignorance and lack of responsibilities. Every body keep saying India is young country bullshit Singapore is younger than us .

我们印度人还是一样，相信我，都是笨蛋，但我为一些印度教徒对抗其他势力感到骄傲，但我必须告诉我们的少数族群，他们自己不够活跃。

我们可以责怪任何人，但这么做并不能减少我们的无知和责任感缺失。每个人都说印度是个年轻的国家，可是，新加坡比我们还年轻呢。