What was Korea's relationship with China under the Ming Dynasty?

明朝时期朝鲜与中国的关系如何？

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KathyWang

In 1392, Emperor Taizu of the Korean Dynasty, Li Chenggui, became king, and Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty gave him the title of "Korea". The two countries established suzerain vassal relations.

The relationship between suzerain and vassal state was based on the international order of Huayi in ancient China. The specific content was that the succession of the king of the vassal state had to be canonized by the suzerain state to obtain legal status; The vassal state should pay tribute to the suzerain state regularly; The suzerain state has the responsibility to help the vassal states maintain the ruling order.

1392年，朝鲜太祖李成桂称王，明朝太祖封国号“朝鲜”，两国建立了宗藩关系。

中国古代宗藩关系是以华夷国际秩序为基础的。具体内容是附庸国国王的继任必须经宗主国册封，才能获得法律地位；附庸国应定期向宗主国纳贡；宗主国有责任帮助附庸国维持统治秩序。

iaoan Zhao

history in AD1387

Korea李成桂: I am fighting my enemies in my kingdom, thanks for your support (by not hel them), and I want an official name for my kingdom, would you give me one?

Ming China朱元璋: OK then, you smart-ass, uh, let me think…

Korea李成桂: aaa or bbb, which one do you prefer?

Ming China朱元璋: maybe aaa.

Korea李成桂: but bbb is way more beautiful and traditional, don’t you agree?

Ming China朱元璋: OK then, bbb it is. (bbb=朝鲜=Korea)

Korea李成桂: thank you! as respect to my great emperor, my kingdom will use your royal calendar.

Ming China朱元璋: Sure, you will.

(Korea李成桂=조선태조（1335－1408）Yi Seong gye)

(Ming China朱元璋= 1st emperor of Ming dynasty)

公元1387年

朝鲜李成桂：我在我国境内和敌人作战，感谢您的支持(没有帮助我的敌人)，我想为我的国家取一个正式的名字，能求您御赐一个国名吗？

明朝朱元璋：好的，你这个小聪明，呃，让我想想……

朝鲜李成桂：aaa还是bbb，您更喜欢哪个？

明朝朱元璋：aaa吧。

朝鲜李成桂：但是bbb更好听更传统，您觉得呢？

明朝朱元璋：好吧，那就bbb吧。(bbb=朝鲜)

朝鲜李成桂：谢谢！作为对您这位伟大皇帝的尊敬，我国将使用贵国的皇历。

明朝朱元璋：当然，可以的。

朝鲜李成桂：(1335-1408)

明朝朱元璋：中国明朝第一任皇帝)

other history in AD 1592—1598

Korea: My respectful Emperor, would you please help me? Japan invade me.

Ming China: Sure. Let’s beat Japan.

Now can you get the relationship between?

公元1592-1598年的历史

朝鲜：尊敬的皇帝，您能帮帮我吗？日本出兵侵略我国。

明朝：当然。我们一起打日本。

现在你明白两者的关系了吧？

Kane Walker

Joseon was a ally of the Ming Dynasty, which was why they opposed the Qing Dynasty. This angered the Qing Dynasty, which led to them invading Joseon. Joseon lost the war and unwillingly became a ally of the Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty, like the Ming Dynasty, influenced Joseon until the late 19th century.

朝鲜是明朝的盟友，所以朝鲜反对清朝，此举激怒了清朝，导致清朝入侵朝鲜。朝鲜战败，被迫成为清朝的盟友。清朝和明朝一样，对朝鲜持续施加影响，一直到19世纪末。

Minh

Joseon (also transcribed as Chosŏn, Korean: 대조선국; 大朝鮮國, lit.

'Great Joseon State') was a Korean dynastic kingdom that lasted for approxmately five centuries.[10]It was the last dynastic kingdom of Korea.[11] It was founded by Yi Seong-gye in July 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in October 1897.[12] The kingdom was founded following the aftermath of the overthrow of Goryeo in what is today the city of Kaesong. Early on, Korea was retitled and the capital was relocated to modern-day Seoul. The kingdom's northernmost borders were expanded to the natural boundaries at the rivers of Amnok and Tuman through the subjugation of the Jurchens.

朝鲜(也译为Chosŏn，朝鲜文写作：대조선국; 大朝鮮國,

“大朝鲜国”是一个延续了大约5个世纪的朝鲜王朝，也是朝鲜最后一个王朝王国。1392年7月由李成桂建立“大朝鲜国”，1897年10月被大韩帝国取代。这个王国是在高丽王朝被推番后在今天的开城建立的。当时朝鲜变更了国名，将首都迁往今天的首尔。因为征服了女真人，大韩帝国王国的最北端边境线扩展到了阿姆诺克河和图曼河的自然边境。

FoundingEdit

By the late 14th century, the nearly 500-year-old Goryeo established in 918 was tottering, its foundations collapsing from years of war and de facto occupation from the disintegrating Mongol Empire. Following the emergence of the Ming dynasty, the royal court in Goryeo split into two conflicting factions: the group led by General Yi (supporting the Ming) and the camp led by General Choe (standing by the Yuan).

编辑：

到14世纪末，成立于公元918年、已拥有近500年历史的高丽王国摇摇欲坠，多年战乱和四分五裂的蒙古帝国的占领令高丽王国的基础崩塌了。明朝成立后，高丽宫廷分裂为两个相互冲突的派系：以李将军为首的集团(支持明朝)和以崔将军为首的阵营(支持元朝)。

Goryeo claimed to be the successor of the ancient kingdom of Goguryeo (which was later renamed Goryeo); as such, restoring Manchuria as part of Korean territory was part of its foreign policy throughout its history. When a Ming messenger came to Goryeo in 1388, the 14th year of U of Goryeo, to demand that Goguryeo's former northern territory be handed over to Ming China, General Choe seized the chance to argue for an attack on the Liaodong Peninsula.

高丽自称是古代高句丽王国(后来更名为高丽)的继任者；因此，高丽史上的外交政策一直希望将满洲收归朝鲜领土。公元1388年(高丽元年14年)，明朝的使者来到高丽，要求高丽交出高句丽时期的北方领土，崔将军趁机主张攻打辽东半岛。

Yi was chosen to lead the attack; however, he revolted and swept back to Gaegyeong and initiated a coup d'état, overthrowing King U in favor of his son, Chang of Goryeo (1388). He later killed King U and his son after a failed restoration and forcibly placed a royal named Yi on the throne (he became Gongyang of Goryeo). In 1392, The Goryeo kingdom had come to an end after almost 500 years of rule.

高丽派朴仪发动进攻，但朴仪却发动了叛乱，攻回开庆掀起一场政变，拥立了他的儿子高丽昌(1388年)。后来复辟失败，他强行将一位王室成员推上了王位(高丽恭让王)。1392年，经过近500年的统治，高丽王国走向了终结。

In the begng of his reign, Yi Seonggye, now ruler of Korea, intended to continue use of the name Goryeo for the country he ruled and simply change the royal line of descent to his own, thus maintaining the façade of continuing the 500-year-old Goryeo tradition. However, after numerous threats of mutiny from the drastically weakened but still influential Gwonmun nobles, the consensus in the reformed court was that a new dynastic title was needed to signify the change. In naming the new kingdom, Taejo contemplated two possibilities - "Hwaryeong" and "Joseon". After much internal deliberation, as well as endorsement by the neighboring Ming dynasty's emperor, Taejo declared the name of the kingdom to be Joseon.  He also moved the capital to Hanyang from Kaesong.

在统治初期，当时朝鲜统治者李成桂有意继续使用“高丽”这个国名，并简单地将王室血统改为他自己的李氏血统，继续延续500年历史的高丽正统。但在贵族多次威胁叛变后，朝廷一致认为需要一个新的国号来宣告王朝更迭。太祖考虑了两个名字—“和宁”和“朝鲜”。经过深思熟虑以及邻国明朝皇帝的首肯，太祖宣布改国名为朝鲜，并将首都从开城搬到了汉阳。

Vivek Sadiram

The Ming dynasty (1368-1644) was a Chinese dynasty that followed the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty and preceded the Qing dynasty. During the Ming dynasty, Korea was a tributary state of China, meaning that it paid tribute to the Ming court and recognized the Ming emperor as the ultimate ruler. This relationship was based on the Confucian principle of the "mandate of heaven," which held that the Chinese emperor was the legitimate ruler of the world. In return for paying tribute, Korea received protection and support from the Ming dynasty.

明朝(1368-1644)是在蒙古统治的元朝之后和清朝之前的一个王朝。在明朝时期，朝鲜是中国的附庸国，要向明朝朝廷进贡，并承认明朝皇帝为最高统治者。这种关系是基于儒家的“天命”原则，即中国皇帝是世界的合法统治者。作为回报，朝鲜得到了明朝的保护和支持。

Throughout the Ming dynasty, there were close cultural, economic, and political ties between China and Korea. The two countries exchanged envoys and traders, and Chinese culture and practices had a significant influence on Korea. However, there were also periods of tension and conflict between the Ming dynasty and Korea, particularly when the Ming was unable to provide adequate protection or when Korean rulers resisted Chinese influence…

在明朝存续期间，中国和朝鲜之间有着密切的文化、经济和政治联系。两国会互相交换使节和商人，中国的文化和习俗对韩国产生了重大影响。但明朝和朝鲜之间也有过紧张和冲突的时期，尤其当明朝无法提供足够的保护或朝鲜统治者抵制中国的影响时……

Dong-Yoon Lee

China may thought Sejong as usual ruler of Korea. But Sejong cared the relation with China really much. His cultural enlightment governing policy had big potential which could cause conflict with China. He made Korean own solar clock and pursued Korean own time system. He pursued Korean own scripting system, and expanded border line toward Jurchen residing area. To do that he had done preparing jobs, to make China didn't bother him.

中国可能认为世宗是朝鲜的统治者。但是世宗非常在意与中国的关系。他的文化启蒙治国政策有很大的潜力，可能引起与中国的冲突。他制作了韩国自己的太阳钟，并研究韩国自己的计时系统。他推行了朝鲜族自己的文字系统，并将边境线向女真居住区进行扩张。他为此做好了准备工作。

Richard Bourne

South Korea: Why does Korean traditional costume look similar to costume in Ming dynasty China?

because the Josen and Ming dynasties were great friends. Korea was a tributary state of China for centuries, but they didnt adopt the costume of the Qing(Manchu) who they didnt really get along with super well. The Josen and Ming did get along well, they both were established after fighting off the Monguls.

The Koreans really like the Ming, liked that era of Chinese culture.

It went both ways too, Ming China thought Korea was the most civilized non Chinese place on earth.

韩国：为什么韩国的传统服装看起来和中国明朝的服装很像？

因为朝鲜和明朝是好朋友。几个世纪以来，朝鲜一直是中国的附庸国，但他们与清朝的关系不好，所以没有采用清朝(满族)的服饰样式。朝鲜和明朝确实相处融洽，他们都是在击退蒙古人之后建立起来的。

朝鲜人真的很喜欢明朝，喜欢明朝的中国文化。

这种喜欢是双向的，明朝也认为朝鲜是地球上除中国之外最文明的地方。

Alex Kim

During or before the Chinese Ming Dynasty, did Koreans consider themselves to be an inferior version of China?

在中国明朝期间或明朝之前，朝鲜人是否认为自己是低配版的中国？

During the Ming Dynasty, yes. Before, no.

Since the ancient times, the Chinese believed themselves to be the center of the world (hence, “the Middle Kingdom”) and superior to all other peoples. This Sino-centric belief burned so deeply into the Chinese psyche that as China expanded and came into contact with more and more foreign states, it would only maintain diplomatic relations with them if they agreed to China’s place as the Middle Kingdom and offered tribute. All states that refused to do so were deemed barbarians.

在明朝时期，是的。在明朝之前，不是。

自古以来，中国人就认为自己是世界的中心(因此中国自称为“中央王国”)，比其他所有民族都优越。这种以中国为中心的信念深深地烙在中国人的心里，以至于当中国向外扩张并与其他国家接触时，除非这些国家认同中国作为中央王国的地位并向中国纳贡时，中国才会与这些国家保持外交关系。否则就被中国视为蛮夷。

Korea’s subscription to the tributary system started in earnest in 676, after the Korean kingdom of Silla successfully expelled the invading Tang Chinese forces from Korea. In order to solidify the peace, Silla agreed to re-open ties with Tang (who were once their allies), which, of course, meant it offered tribute. So, at least on the outside, Silla agreed to the superiority of China. However, that did not mean it considered itself to be an “inferior China.” It was still very much an independent state with its own culture and history, something that it proved and secured on the battlefield.

公元676年，在朝鲜新罗王国成功地将入侵的唐朝军队驱逐出朝鲜之后，朝鲜正式开始接受朝贡制度。为了巩固得来不易的和平，新罗同意重新与唐朝(曾经是他们的盟友)建交，意味着新罗要向唐朝进贡。所以，至少在表面上，新罗认同了中国的优越性。但这并不意味着新罗认为自己是“低配版的中国”。新罗仍然是一个非常独立的国家，拥有自己的文化和历史，这一点在战场上得到了证明和保障。

And then we have Joseon… Joseon staunchly followed Confucianism as its state ideology. And, because Confucianism originated from China and the only officially Confucian state in the world besides Joseon was Ming China, the Joseon government greatly revered the Ming Dynasty as the cultural and intellectual center of the world. In turn, Ming officials lauded Joseon as a highly civilized state. Another way the two states framed their friendship was comparing themselves as brothers, with Ming being the elder brother and Joseon being the younger. Clearly, the two sides viewed each other with much respect.

大朝鲜国遵循儒家思想，把儒家思想作为国家的意识形态。因为儒学起源于中国，而除了朝鲜之外，世界上唯一一个正式的儒学国家是中国明朝，因此朝鲜政府非常推崇明朝，认为明朝是世界文化和知识的中心。明朝官员也称赞朝鲜是一个高度文明的国家。两国之间建立了友谊，将对方视为兄弟，明朝为大哥，朝鲜为小弟。很显然，他们彼此之间都非常尊重。

继续阅读：明朝   朝鲜

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