在美国，印度移民比中国移民更成功吗

Are Indian immigrants more successful than Chinese immigrants in the US?

在美国，印度移民比中国移民更成功吗？

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以下是Quora网友的评论：

Jon Howell

As an Indian American who grew up in a predominantly East Asian city in the US, I have observed and experienced first-hand the success of both Indian and Chinese immigrants in the country. While both groups have been highly successful by many measures, it is clear that Indian Americans have excelled in various fields, including business, politics, and media.

Indian Americans have the highest per capita income of any ethnic group in the US, which speaks to their economic success. Moreover, they have made significant contributions in politics, with two Indian American governors and multiple members of Congress. In the business world, Indian Americans have also achieved remarkable success, with several CEOs of Indian descent leading major companies like Google, Microsoft, and Pepsi.

作为一个在以东亚人为主的美国城市中长大的印度裔美国人，我看到了也亲身经历了印度移民和中国移民在美国取得的成功。虽然这两个群体在许多方面都非常成功，但印度裔在商业、政治和媒体等各个领域都表现得十分出色。

印度裔美国人的人均收入是美国所有族裔中最高的，这说明他们在经济上非常成功。此外，他们在政治上做出了重大贡献，有两名印度人担任州长，多名印度人担任国会议员。印度裔美国人在商界也取得了显著的成功，多位印度裔首席执行官执掌谷歌、微软和百事可乐等大公司。

On the other hand, East Asians, particularly Chinese immigrants, have not seen the same level of success in these areas. While there are some prominent East Asian business leaders and politicians, they are not as numerous as their Indian American counterparts.

One possible explanation for the differential success between Indian and Chinese immigrants in the US could be attributed to cultural differences. Indian Americans may be more adept at navigating the nuances of American society, such as being more outgoing and willing to take risks. In contrast, East Asian immigrants, particularly Chinese immigrants, may face challenges breaking out of traditional roles and stereotypes.

另一方面，东亚人，尤其是中国移民，并没有在这些领域取得同样的成功。虽然也有一些杰出的东亚商业领袖和政治家，但他们的人数不如印度裔美国人。

印度和中国移民在美国取得成功的差异，可能是因为文化差异导致的。印度裔美国人可能更善于驾驭美国社会，更外向，更愿意冒险。相比之下，东亚移民，尤其是中国移民，可能面临着打破传统角色和刻板印象的挑战。

For further insights into this topic, I recommend reading the article "Breaking Stereotypes: Why Indian Immigrants Thrive More Than Chinese Immigrants in the States." This article delves deeper into the factors that contribute to the success of Indian immigrants in the US and offers valuable perspectives on this issue.

为了进一步了解这个话题，我建议大家阅读一下《打破刻板印象：为什么印度移民比中国移民在美国更成功》。本文深入探讨了印度移民在美国取得成功的因素，并就这一问题提供了有价值的观点。

Nelson Ross

Indian immigrants have historically played a crucial role in sha the socio-political landscape of the Anglo-Saxon world order. From the colonial period onwards, Indians have been perceived as more successful compared to other ethnic groups due to their history of being either slaves or conquered people with deep loyalty. This contrasted with China and the sinoid/mongoloid populations who posed a threat to Anglo-Saxon supremacy, leading to the concept of the "yellow peril" being perpetuated.

历史上，印度移民在塑造盎格鲁-撒克逊世界秩序的社会政治格局方面发挥了至关重要的作用。从殖民时期开始，人们就认为印度人比其他民族更成功，因为他们要么是奴隶，要么是被征服的对象，忠心耿耿。这与中国和对盎格鲁-撒克逊霸权构成威胁的中国/蒙古人形成了鲜明的对比，导致“黄祸”的概念长期存在。

The success of the British in establishing their dominance can be attributed to their conquest of populous India, where a handful of British merchants utilized Indian mercenaries to expand their control. This strategy was further bolstered by the fact that India was predominantly ruled by Mughal or Mongol dynasties at the time. Over time, many Indian mercenaries assimilated into British society, adopting white identities as they intermarried with Welsh, Irish, and Celtic individuals.

英国人在维持统治地位方面的成功可以归因于他们成功征服了人口众多的印度。少数英国商人在印度利用印度雇佣军扩大了他们的控制势力。印度当时主要由莫卧儿王朝或蒙古王朝统治。随着时间的推移，许多印度雇佣兵融入了英国社会，在与威尔士人、爱尔兰人和凯尔特人通婚时获得了白人身份。

In the present day, this narrative of Indian immigrants being integral to countering Chinese influence remains prevalent in the Anglo-Saxon world. Despite some progress, there is still a demand for Indians to fulfill this role, resulting in fewer Chinese individuals occupying powerful positions in countries like the US and UK. This historical context underscores the importance of Indian immigrants in maintaining the balance of power in the Anglo-Saxon world order.

For further insight into the unique position of Indian immigrants in the American Dream, I recommend reading the article "What Sets Indian Immigrants Apart in the American Dream."

如今，印度移民是对抗中国势力的不可或缺的力量，这种说法至今在盎格鲁-撒克逊世界仍然盛行。虽然取得了一些进展，但仍然需要印度人履行这一角色，因此在美国和英国等国家占据重要职位的中国人越来越少。这一历史背景足以凸显印度移民在维持盎格鲁-撒克逊世界秩序中各方势力的均衡方面的重要性。

为了进一步了解印度移民在美国梦中的独特地位，我建议你们读一读《是什么让印度移民在“美国梦”中与众不同》这篇文章。

Franklin Hopkins

I am an Indian American who grew up in a predominantly East Asian city in the United States. Both Indian and Chinese immigrants have achieved remarkable success in various aspects. Indian Americans, in particular, hold the highest per capita income of any ethnic group in the country, with an average of $122,026 in 2016. Taiwanese Americans follow closely at $90,221, while Chinese Americans, including Taiwanese, have an average income of $73,788. To put this into perspective, the average white household income stands at $61,349, indicating the impressive achievements of both Indian and East Asian communities.

我是印度裔美国人，在美国一个以东亚人为主的城市长大。印度和中国移民在各个方面都取得了令人瞩目的成功。尤其是印度裔美国人，他们的人均收入是美国所有族裔中最高的，印度裔美国人的平均收入达到了122026美元。中国台湾裔美国人以90221美元紧随其后，而华裔美国人(包括台湾人在内)的平均收入为73788美元。白人家庭的平均收入为61349美元，这表明印度和东亚社区都取得了令人印象深刻的成就。

However, when it comes to excelling in the US and reaching higher positions in business, politics, and media, Indians have arguably performed better overall. Indian Americans have made significant strides in these fields, with two governors and at least five members of Congress of Indian descent. Notable figures like Preet Bharara have held influential positions in the government. In contrast, aside from Hawaii, East Asians have not seen the same level of success in the political arena, with only two Taiwanese and one Chinese member of Congress currently serving.

但如果论及在美国出人投地，在商业、政治和媒体领域获得更高职位，印度人在总体上表现得更好。印度裔美国人在这些领域取得了重大进展，目前美国有两位州长和至少五名国会议员是印度裔。普里特·巴拉拉等知名人士在美国政府中担任过重要职位。相比之下，除了夏威夷之外，东亚人并没有在政治舞台上取得同样的成功，目前只有两名台湾人和一名中国大陆人在国会任职。

Furthermore, Indian Americans have made their mark in the corporate world, with several CEOs of Indian descent leading major companies such as Google, Microsoft, Mastercard, Adobe, Pepsi, United, Citibank, and McKinsey. On the other hand, there are only a few prominent East Asian business leaders, such as the former founder of Yahoo, who is no longer the CEO of the company.

Even within the media industry, we have witnessed a greater presence of South Asian American actors and comedians like Mindy Kalang and Hasan Minhaj in recent years. These actors have managed to break free from stereotypical roles, whereas East Asian actors in the US are often typecast.

此外，印度裔美国人在商界也留下了自己的印记，数名印度裔首席执行官执掌谷歌、微软、万事达、奥多比、百事、联合、花旗银行和麦肯锡等大企业。相较之下，东亚只有少数杰出的商界领袖，比如雅虎的前创始人，但他目前已不再担任该公司的首席执行官了。

另外在媒体行业，我们近年来也越来越经常看到明迪·卡兰和哈桑·明哈吉等南亚裔美国演员和喜剧演员的身影。这些演员成功地摆脱了刻板印象，要知道东亚演员在美国往往只能出演某些特定角色。

One possible explanation for these disparities in success may lie in the fact that Indians benefit from their fluency in English and their prior education in English-speaking institutions in India. They also have a better understanding of Western society due to their exposure and familiarity. Conversely, East Asian children tend to face immense pressure from their parents to excel academically, with the sole focus on getting into prestigious institutions like Harvard. South Asians, however, recognize the importance of taking risks, being assertive, and building relationships in order to thrive in the American system. Unfortunately, many East Asians tend to be content with being diligent workers throughout their lives, which contributes to the exstence of a metaphorical "bamboo ceiling."

对不同族裔获得的不同成就，有一个可能的解释是，得益于在印度学校接受过英语教学，印度人拥有流利的英语水平。他们对西方社会也有着更好的了解。相反，东亚孩子往往面临来自父母的巨大压力，要求他们在学业上取得优异成绩，他们唯一的目标就是哈佛等名校。南亚人知道冒险、自信和搭建人脉关系的重要性，在美国社会中如鱼得水。而许多东亚人更喜欢一辈子踏踏实实地努力工作，导致了“竹片天花板”的存在。

For further insights into the triumph of Indian immigrants over Chinese immigrants in America, I highly recommend reading the article titled "From Silicon Valley to Wall Street: Decoding the Triumph of Indian Immigrants over Chinese Immigrants in America."

要想进一步了解印度移民在美国的胜利，我强烈建议大家阅读这篇文章：《从硅谷到华尔街：解码印度移民在美国对中国移民的胜利》。

Sejal Kapoor

Making broad generalisations regarding the success of Chinese immigrants vs Indian immigrants in the US is not accurate. Success can be characterised in a variety of ways, including economic well-being, educational attainment, professional accomplishments, and personal fulfilment, and it differs significantly from person to person.

Both Chinese and Indian immigrants have significantly contributed to American society, and both groups also contain prosperous people and communities. Education, aptitude, access to opportunities, financial level, and the particular circumstances of each immigrant and their family are all factors that affect how successful they are.

简单概括中国移民和印度移民在美国取得的成就是不准确的。成功与否可以通过多种方式来呈现，包括经济福利、教育成就、专业成就和个人成就，完全因人而异。

中国和印度移民都对美国社会做出了重大的贡献，这两个族群也都有成功的个人和社团。教育、能力、机遇、经济水平以及每个移民及其家庭的特殊情况都是影响他们成功程度的因素。

Here are some important things to think about:

以下是一些值得考虑的重要因素：

Education: Immigrants from China and India typically have high levels of education. They are overrepresented in advanced degree-required professions and STEM disciplines.

Diversity within Groups: The immigrant populations of China and India are both very diverse. They include people from different geographical locations, linguistic communities, and socioeconomic positions. Success therefore varies greatly within each group.

教育：中国移民和印度移民的教育水平通常都比较高。在需要高级学位的职业和STEM学科中，他们的占比都非常大。

群体内的多样性：中国和印度的移民人口非常多样化。他们中有许多人来自不同地区、使用不同方言、有着不同的社会经济地位。因此，每个群体的成就高低也有着很大差别。

Cultural and Social considerations: Access to support networks, together with cultural and social considerations, might affect the success trajectory of immigrants. These elements can differ across people and families.

Generational Differences: Immigrant groups' levels of achievement frequently fluctuate between generations. Compared to their children or grandchildren who may have been born and nurtured in the United States, first-generation immigrants may experience more difficulties.

文化和社会因素：能否获得援助以及文化和社会因素也可能会影响移民的成功轨迹。这些因素可能因个人和家庭而异。

代际差异：移民群体的成就水平在不同代际之间经常出现波动。和在美国出生并长大的子孙相比，第一代移民的生活可能会更艰难些。

Finally, it is critical to avoid generalising about the relative success of Chinese and Indian immigrants in the United States. There is a vast range of experiences in both groups, and a complex interaction of factors influences success. It's crucial to understand that immigrant experiences are extremely individualised and that different people may define success differently.

最后，我们不要把中国和印度移民在美国的相对成功一概而论，这一点非常重要。这两个群体都有着丰富多样的经历，影响成功的因素是复杂的相互作用。我们必须明白，移民的经历因人而异，不同的人对成功的定义也不同。

Neeraja Kolagani

It is not appropriate to make broad generalizations about the success of Indian immigrants versus Chinese immigrants in the United States. The success of immigrants can vary significantly based on various factors, including education, skills, socioeconomic background, language proficiency, networking opportunities, individual efforts, and personal circumstances.

Both Indian and Chinese immigrants have made significant contributions to various sectors in the United States, including technology, business, medicine, academia, and arts, among others. Many individuals from both communities have achieved notable success in their respective fields.

笼统地概括印度移民与中国移民在美国的成就，并不合适。移民的成功取决于各种因素，包括教育、技能、社会经济背景、语言能力、机遇、个人努力和所处环境。

来自印度和中国的移民都对美国社会的各个领域做出了重大贡献，包括技术、商业、医药、学术和艺术等。许多印度人和中国人都在各自的领域取得了令人瞩目的成就。

It's important to recognize that success is subjective and can be defined in various ways, such as educational attainment, professional achievements, income levels, entrepreneurial ventures, community involvement, and overall well-being. It is not appropriate to make comparisons or draw conclusions about the success of entire immigrant communities based on stereotypes or assumptions.

Each immigrant's experience is unique, and success is determined by a combination of factors and individual efforts rather than solely their country of origin. It is more meaningful to recognize and appreciate the diverse contributions and achievements of individuals within different immigrant communities.

我们要认识到成功是主观的，有各种定义方式，比如教育程度、专业成就、收入水平、商业冒险、社区参与和整体幸福感。根据刻板印象或假设对整个移民社区的成就进行比较，得出某个结论，都是不恰当的。

每个移民的经历都是独一无二的，成功是由多种因素和个人努力共同决定的。承认和欣赏不同移民社区中个人的贡献和成就更有意义。