Why is China poorer than India?

为什么中国比印度穷？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Ravi Samudrala

China is not poorer than India. In fact, China's GDP (nominal) is over 10 times larger than India's. However, China's GDP (per capita) is lower than India's. This is because China has a much larger population than India.

There are a few reasons why China's GDP (per capita) is lower than India's. One reason is that China's economy is still develo, while India's economy is more developed. Another reason is that China has a larger rural population than India, and rural incomes are typically lower than urban incomes. Finally, China has a higher level of inequality than India, which means that the wealth is not distributed as evenly.

中国怎么会比印度穷呢。事实上，中国的名义GDP是印度的10倍以上。但中国的人均GDP低于印度，因为中国的人口比印度多得多。

中国的人均GDP低于印度是出于几个原因。一个原因是中国经济还在发展中，印度经济更发达。另一个原因是中国的农村人口比印度多，农村人口的收入通常低于城市人口的收入。最后，中国的贫富差距比印度大，这意味着财富分配不均。

Despite these differences, China's economy is growing much faster than India's. This is due to a number of factors, including China's large and growing middle class, its investment in infrastructure, and its focus on innovation. As a result, it is likely that China's GDP (per capita) will eventually surpass India's.

Here is a table comparing the GDP (nominal) and GDP (per capita) of China and India in 2023:

尽管存在这些差异，但中国经济的增长速度比印度快多了。这是由多重因素造成的，比如中国拥有规模庞大且不断增长的中产阶级、对基础设施的持续投资以及对创新的重视等。因此，中国的人均GDP未来很可能会超过印度。

下表比较了2023年中国和印度的名义GDP和人均GDP：

Country    GDP (nominal)   GDP (per capita)

China       $19.94 trillion      $11,500

India         $3.24 trillion        $2,000

国家   GDP(名义上的)   国内生产总值(人均)

中国   19.94万亿美元   11500美元

印度   3.24万亿美元    2000美元

It is important to note that GDP is not a perfect measure of wealth or prosperity. It does not take into account factors such as inequality, quality of life, or environmental sustainability. However, it is a useful tool for comparing the economic output of different countries.

值得注意的是，GDP并不是衡量财富或繁荣程度的完美指标。GDP的统计没有考虑到贫富差距、生活质量或环境可持续性等因素，它只是比较不同国家经济产出的工具。

Chandrakant Gandhi

Is China really poorer than India? As a matter of fact China is 4 or 5 times richer than India. India became free of British in 1947 whilst China was not controlled by British or any other country. British had many business rights in China and Hongkong was given to the British for trading purpose however few years back it became fully Chinese and British management was reverted to China

中国真的比印度穷吗？事实上，中国比印度富裕4到5倍。1947年印度脱离了英国的殖民统治，但中国不受英国或任何国家的控制。英国人在中国有很多经商权益，为了贸易，中国将香港租给英国人，但几年前香港已经重归中国，英国人的经营管理权又回到了中国人手中了。

Jay Puli

Because of people like you who ask brilliant questions with such a superior intellect that China just cannot match

因为有你们这种人，用中国望尘莫及的“智慧”提出了这种精彩的问题。

Kartik Gada

Completely false premise.

China is much more prosperous than India. The per capita resources in China is about 4X to 5X that of India.

这个说法完全错了。

中国比印度繁华多了。中国的人均资源大约是印度的4到5倍。

Jayaprakash Balan

Is it ! Don’t think China is poorer than India. From what you see and learn about China, this country is far far ahead than India in every respect. Its a tendency of those people who love US and European countries more that they always say bad about China while the facts and data would be different. Cannot debate on this point, might be China’s economy is going down and have heard that its not able to keep tab with the changing world as well provide jobs and other things for the huge population it has, inspite of coming out with stringent measures for population control. Well, but from whatever infrastructure development glimpses we have seen of China, its far far ahead than any other country in the world. Yes, could be in coming years, while India’s economy might boost, China’s economy might either be stagnant or go down which would be real cause for worry for the world. But overall, whatever we may say about China or dislike its activities against India or world, the fact remains that China is far far ahead that atleast India. One cannot imagine within a short period, India would ever be able to built bridges or cities like in China, forget building, but even thinking.

是吗？别想当然地以为中国比印度穷。从你所看到和了解到的中国来看，中国在各个方面都遥遥领先于印度。

这是偏袒美国和欧洲的人惯做的事，他们总喜欢说中国的坏话，丝毫不顾真实的事实和数据。

这也没啥，可能中国的经济正在走下坡路，听说它跟不上不断变化的世界，虽然出台了严格的人口控制措施，

但还是无法为庞大的人口提供就业岗位和其他资源。好吧，但是从我们看到的中国的基础设施的发展来看，中国遥遥领先于世界上任何国家。

是的，也许未来几年印度经济会增长，中国经济会停摆或下滑，但若真的如此，就会变成全世界真正担心的原因。

但总的来说，无论我们怎么评价中国，或者有多不喜欢中国针对印度或世界采取的行为，事实是中国至少现在还是遥遥领先于印度的。

我们根本无法想象印度能够在短时间内像中国一样建造起桥梁或城市，别说真的建了，想都不敢想。

Mingyu Zhao

Wherever you got this information…

The source could be marked as unreliable, maybe the same level as Donald Trump’s word…

不管你是从哪儿听来的信息…

你的这个消息来源都太不靠谱了，跟唐纳德·特朗普的胡说八道差不多离谱…

Francine Rizza

I’m puzzled by why you think China is poorer than India. Are you certain? I wouldn’t have thought so. Will, there are many levels of “poor”, in India I have seen thousands of folk living in stinking conditions along the edge of the river under sheets of plastic held up by sticks and whole families living under rags on cold stone pavements, I have also seen country folk living in huts made out of cow poo and mud on a bamboo frame, they were spotlessly clean inside; they had nothing! I’m not going to say that they don’t exst but personally, I have never seen living conditions as bad as this anywhere in China, and so your statement that China is poorer than China leaves me totally perplexed. Where did you hear that?

我很不理解，为什么你会觉得中国比印度穷。你真的这么想？我是无法苟同的。贫穷也分很多程度，在印度，我看到过成千上万的穷人住在河边臭气熏天的环境中，用棍子撑着塑料布当做顶棚，还有全家人睡在冰冷的石头人行道上，我也看到过农村居民把牛粪和泥巴抹在竹架上做成棚屋，屋子里空空如也，家徒四壁！就我个人而言，我从未在中国任何地方见过如此糟糕的生活条件，所以你说中国比印度穷，让我匪夷所思。你究竟是从哪里听说的？

Wasu Koysiri

That's because you just wanted to throw a silly question to tease some other Quora users.

大概是因为你只想用这个愚蠢的问题来取笑某些Quora用户吧。

Freddie Chen

Originally Answered: In which country are there more poor people, China or India?

哪个国家的穷人更多，中国还是印度？

Neither UN nor World Bank had most recently update on poverty population on both countries. However, their report told China and India did good job on eliminate poverty in their country.

联合国和世界银行都没有更新这两个国家最新的贫困人口数据。但他们的报告都指出，中国和印度在消除本国贫困方面都取得了很好的成绩。

Jim Wong

Originally Answered: In which country are there more poor people, China or India?

India by a large margin. China is better off because:

China tried hard to control population. Unless Indians are willing to do so, there is little hope.

My subjective guess is that 10% of Chinese receive excellent education, 80% average and 10% poor. Indian has about 5% excellent, 30% average.

While there are some discrimination in China, in general Chinese live in harmony.

哪个国家的穷人更多，中国还是印度？

印度的贫困人口数量遥遥领先。中国贫困人口较少的原因如下：

中国努力控制人口增长。除非印度人愿意控制人口，否则希望渺茫。

我个人猜测有10%的中国人接受了精英教育，80%的人接受了普通教育，还有10%的人教育水平较低。但印度只有5%的人接受了精英教育，30%的人接受了普通教育。

虽然中国存在一些歧视现象，但总体而言，中国民众的生活还是很融洽的。

Haresh Joshi

As Donald Trump would say: FAKE NEWS.

India is way behind China thanks to large number of invasions: Moguls,etc.. and where the Moguls didn’t finish off the country, we Indians have been trying very hard to complete their job.

这就是唐纳德·特朗普所说的：虚假新闻。

由于接连不断的外敌入侵，印度远远落后于中国。莫卧儿人没能搞垮印度，我们印度人还在继续努力。

Anonymous

These economies are in no way comparable. The Chinese economy is more than 5 times larger. China’s GDP per capita stands at USD 8,260 and that of India at USD 1,718. China’s population (1.37 billion) and the population of India (1.34 billion) are comparable — but China is five times richer on a per capita basis.

Based on these figures, India will add USD 129 in economic output on a per capita basis if it grows at a pace of 7.5%. Similarly, if China grows by 6.3%, its output will increase by USD 520 per capita.

印度的GDP是2.25万亿美元（2016年国际货币基金组织公布的数据）。这两个经济体根本没有可比性。中国的经济规模是印度的5倍多。印度人均GDP为1718美元。中国的人口和印度的人口不相上下，但中国的人均财富是印度的5倍。

根据这些数据，如果印度以7.5%的速度增长，人均经济产出将增加129美元。同样，如果中国经济增长6.3%，人均经济产出将增加520美元。

Those who say that India is home to the world’s largest economic growth have not even done primary school math on the situation. India actually needs to grow at more than 30% to outpace China in absolute terms per capita.

It helps to play around with the numbers cited above to understand how erroneous expectations have been. If one assumes that India continues to grow at a rate of 7.5%, and China at a rate of 6.3% from here on out, it will take 127 years before India’s per capita growth will actually begin to exceed China’s.

那些宣扬印度是全球经济增长速度最快国的人，恐怕连小学数学都做不来。实际上，印度需要以超过30%的速度增长，才能在人均GDP上超过中国。

上述数字可以有助于理解这个问题究竟错得有多离谱。如果假设印度继续以7.5%的速度增长，中国从现在开始以6.3%的速度增长，那么印度的人均GDP需要127年才能真正开始超过中国。

The problem is that many people confuse “rate of growth” with actual “growth.” They blithely assume that a higher growth rate means greater growth. They assume that a decline in the growth rate is a decline in growth. Perhaps people simply see what they want to see as a result of their ideological preferences.

许多人混淆了“增长率”和实际“增长”。他们天真地以为，更高的增长率意味着更大的增长。他们认为增长率的下降就是增长的下降。可能人们只是因为意识形态偏好，只看到了自己想看到的东西吧。

The Sacred Cow of Democracy

One of the major reasons why the West, its institutions and the upper and middle classes prefer India over China is that India follows the western religion of de ocracy. They refuse to see that de ocracy tends not to work in poor countries

神圣的皿煮之牛

相较于中国，西方政府和中上层阶级更喜欢印度的主要原因之一是印度遵循西方的皿煮信仰。他们拒绝承认皿煮在贫穷国家不起作用。

In India de ocracy never worked, but who need facts when emotions need to be satisfied? As a proportion of India’s population, the country’s people are among the world’s poorest, most diseased, wretched and malnourished.

It is often claimed that India has the largest English speaking population outside the western world. This was true in the past, but now China has brought in a large number of native speakers from Canada, the UK and the US to teach English to its students. It seems very likely that there are now more English speakers in China than there are in India – and they speak better English.

在印度，皿煮从未奏效，但在民众的情绪需要安抚的时候，谁还在意事实呢？印度部分民众是世界上生活最贫困、疾病最严重、最可怜、最营养不良的人群之一。

人们常说印度是西方世界以外英语使用人数最多的国家。在过去，这确实是事实，但如今中国从加拿大、英国和美国引进了大量英语母语者来教学生学习英语。现在中国说英语的人似乎比印度还多，而且说得也更好。