Why do a lot of people want China to replace the US as the world's leading hegemon?

为什么很多人希望中国取代美国成为世界头号霸主？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Richard Kenneth Eng

The reason is simple: China is a peaceful and benevolent nation, while the USA is a militant and imperialist nation.

China has fought no wars since 1979.

The USA has fought in Afghanistan, El Salvador, Grenada, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Panama, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Yemen, Yugoslavia, etc.

China brokered an historic rapprochement between Iran and Saudi Arabia. The USA actively blocked peace negotiations in the Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Hamas conflicts, while China actively promoted them.

原因很简单：中国是一个和平仁善的国家，而美国是一个好战的帝国主义国家。

自1979年以来，中国没有卷入过任何战争。

而美国在阿富汗、萨尔瓦多、格林纳达、伊朗、伊拉克、科威特、黎巴嫩、利比亚、尼加拉瓜、巴基斯坦、巴拿马、索马里、苏丹、叙利亚、也门、南斯拉夫等地不断打仗。

中国促成了伊朗和沙特阿拉伯之间的历史性和解。在俄乌冲突、以哈冲突中，美国千方百计地阻挠和平谈判，但中国却积极推动和平谈判。

China helps other countries build their infrastructure and economy. Over 150 countries participate in the Belt and Road Initiative. The USA has done nothing for these countries.

The USA has sanctioned dozens of “disobedient” countries. The USA has overthrown numerous foreign governments, even de ocratically elected ones!

When the USA hoarded its vaccines, China helped poor countries vaccinate.

A lot of people — most people, in fact — believe China will be a far better steward of the world order than the USA ever was.

中国帮其他国家建设基础设施和经济。“一带一路”已经有了150多个参与国。但美国从未帮这些国家做过任何事。

美国制裁了几十个“不听话”的国家。美国推番了许多国家的政府，甚至是敏煮选举出来的政府！

当美国囤积新冠疫苗时，中国慷慨地向贫穷国家援助疫苗。

很多人—实际上是大多数人—都相信中国可以比美国更好地维持世界秩序。

Valerie Van Kerckhove

I’m not sure who ‘a lot of people’ are. To my knowledge, even the Chinese don’t want to be the world’s leading hegemon (Chinese people don’t want to bother with other people’s problems). ‘A lot of people’ might not like having the US as the world’s leading hegemon, but they don’t necessarily like China either.

I’m half-Chinese and what I want is a healthy multi-polar world. I want a strong America, a strong European Union, a newly strong South America, Africa, Southeast Asia and even Arab nations, a strong India and a strong China as well. We’ve got so many problems with the world. The more healthy civilizations there are out there, the more problems we’ll get to solve sooner.

我不确定你所说的“很多人”都是谁。

但据我所知，即便是中国人自己也不想成为世界头号霸主(中国人不想为别人的问题操心)。

“很多人”可能不喜欢美国成为世界头号霸主，可能也不喜欢中国。

我是半个中国人，我想看到一个健康的多极世界。

我想要看到的是一个强大的美国，一个强大的欧盟，一个新的强大的南美、非洲、东南亚甚至阿拉伯国家，一个强大的印度和一个强大的中国。

这个世界还有很多问题。世界上健康的文明越多，我们能解决的问题也就越多。

Benjamin Kirk

Because they think that China will be a Peaceful Hegemon, when in fact it will likely be not

Projecting the last 50 years of Chinese History is not Useful at all at Projecting how China will behave as a Hegemon in the Next 50 years because China will Change beyond Recognition

in most of the last 50 years, China is a Poor, Poverty-Ridden black hole that few westerners ever ventured to

因为他们认为中国将成为一个和平的霸主，而事实上可能也并非如此。

预测中国过去50年的历史，对于预测中国未来50年可能表现出的霸主行为毫无参考意义，因为中国可以彻底改变自己。

在过去50年的大部分时间里，中国是一个贫穷、贫困的国家，很少有西方人愿意冒险前往中国。

while China today and in the Next 50 Years will be an industrial Superpower that will be rivaling US and Europe

中国在现在和未来50年将成为一个有能力与美国和欧洲一较高下的超级工业大国

How would you Expect these two radically Different Chinas to Behave the same way Geopolitically, Because it would not!

Insignificant Countries becoming much more Interventionist after they become Powerful and Realized it is such a common occurrence within History that it is Practically a Law and Human Nature that Stronger Nations are more Aggressive, we saw this with nearly every Power like the Romans, Arabs, Spanish, Portuguese, Ottomans, British, Soviets, and the Americans, and it is safe to assume that a more Powerful China will likely continue this Trend and become more and more Aggressive as it gains more power.

你怎么会指望这两个完全不同的中国在地缘政治上保持相同的表现呢？这是绝对不可能的！

曾经微不足道的国家在强大之后开始主张干涉主义，这在历史上非常普遍，强大的国家之所以更具侵略性，实际上就是一种定律和人性，我们几乎在每个大国的历史上都见证了这一点，比如罗马、阿拉伯、西班牙、葡萄牙、奥斯曼帝国、英国、苏联和美国。可以肯定的是，强大的中国也很有可能继续这一趋势。随着中国的实力越来越强，中国也变得越来越咄咄逼人。

well, what's Expected is already what’s happening, and China is Already Becoming more Aggressive, as the SCS dispute, which has been mostly Peaceful for Decades, is now Heating up Again, the same is Happening with the Taiwan Dispute, and Relations with India are souring to their worst point in Decades so no, China will not be an Exception to this Rule

Also, Another Good way to Predict what a Potential Hegemon would be if it becomes the Hegemon is to Check how it Treat its Neighbors as a Young Power first

现在预期的场景已经发生了，中国已经开始表现得咄咄逼人了。南海争端几十年来一直都挺祥和，但现在再次升温了，台弯问题也是如此，中国与印度的关系也恶化到几十年来最糟糕的地步，所以不，中国不可能成为这个定律的例外。

另外，如果一个潜在的霸主真的成为霸主，另一个预测其行事风格的好方法就是观察它作为一个年轻的大国，都是如何对待邻国的。

for example, there are actually parallels of how the US treats Central American Nations in the Early 20th Century to how it Treats the Middle East Today

And China isn’t treating it’s Neighbors so well, as Mentioned Earlier, and it is Picking Fights with many of It’s Neighbors

例如，美国在20世纪初对待中美洲国家的方式与今天对待中东的方式就有相似之处。

正如前面提到的，他们非但没有善待邻国，还向许多邻国挑衅滋事。

Avidf

This question is a false proposition,Chinese don't want, Chinese just want to develop their economy and live a happy life. To be a world leader means to fight a bloody war with the US.

这个问题的观点不对，中国人并不想成为霸主，中国人只想发展国家经济，过上幸福的生活。若要成为世界领袖，就意味着要和美国进行一番恶战。

Minsu Kim

I don't know what basis your opinion has, but at least South Korea won't want China to replace the United States. It will lead to the worst in our history.

我不知道你这个论点的根据是什么，但至少韩国不会希望中国取代美国。否则就会导致我们韩国历史上最糟糕的局面。

Chien-Sheng Tsai

It is not that a lot of people want so but that the pendulum has swung, and the USA is on the decline while China is on the rise. As the Chinese saying goes, 30 years to the West and 30 years to the East.

事实是，并不是很多人都想要这样，只是钟摆已经开始摇摆，美国正在走向衰落，相反中国正在逐步崛起。中国有句谚语说，三十年河东，三十年河西。

Rodrigo Locatelli

I want to understand the question, basically it is: Which bully do you prefer?

NONE.

With that said, let's look at the pros.

USA, western country, with some ideas that Argentines (I am Argentine) share. Relatively easy to learn language.

Bad: Messianic view of themselves, little knowledge of the outside world, extreme aggressiveness, racism, etc.

China: Country with a culture far removed from the "Westerners", its sense of is almost non-exstent. Complex language to learn.

Good: Relatively peaceful, isolationist and merchant country.

我想解读一下你的这个问题，从根本上说也就是：你更喜欢哪个恶霸？

我反正是一个也不喜欢。

我们先看看利弊吧。

美国，西方国家，和阿根廷人（我就是阿根廷人）有一些相同的想法。语言相对而言，比较容易学习。

劣势：觉得自己就是救世主，对外部世界知之甚少，侵略性极强，种族歧视等等。

中国：这是一个在文化上和“西方人”截然不同的国家。语言学习难度极大。

优势：相对和平，孤立主义，重商国家。

Nick William

Because they don’t like the U.S., and China is the only serious contender that could supplant the U.S. in this regard so it’s the only real option.

因为他们不喜欢美国，只有中国是唯一能在这方面取代美国的有力竞争者，所以中国是唯一真正的选择。

That said, China wouldn’t be any better than the U.S. as Hegemon and people are kidding themselves to believe otherwise. People point to wars and hypocrisies on the part of the U.S. and want to pretend like it’s the incarnation of Satan, but that’s malarkey. It’s not like any other Hegemon would be any more benevolent or less belligerent. It’s not a question of good and evil, it’s a question of power, and any Hegemon, whether it be America or China or some other party, will certainly get involved in a great many things good and bad in the pursuit of maintaining its place of power as Hegemon. In the same way the U.S. gives Humanitarian aid but fosters wars, protects international trade but also uses economic pressure on its rivals, follows idealistic principles but also breaks those principles sometimes for material gain, etc., so too would China do all of those things. It is inevitable when a nation has such a great amount of power that touches such a vast quantity of people that said nation will ultimately be morally grey, not good, not bad, but having committed numerous actions both good and bad.

也就是说，作为霸主，中国也不会比美国好到哪里去，人们只是在自欺欺人。人们把矛头指向美国的战争和伪善，把它视为撒旦的化身，但这是夸大其词了。

其他霸权国家也不可能更仁慈，或者不那么好战。这不是善与恶的问题，这是权力的问题，任何霸权国家，无论是美国、中国还是其他国家，在追求霸权地位的过程中，肯定会卷入许多好事、许多坏事。

同样，美国一边提供人道主义援助，一边煽动战争；一边保护国际贸易，但又一边对竞争对手施加经济压力；一边遵循理想主义原则，又一边为了物质利益而违背这些原则，等等，中国也不能免俗。

这是不可避免的事，如果一个国家拥有巨大的权力，可以影响大量的人，那么这个国家在道德上就只能维持模棱两可的态度，说不上好，也说不上坏，但会实施许多好坏兼备的行为。

Of course I believe that there won’t be a new hegemon though per se, I believe that in the coming decades we will see a new situation arise where there is no single dominant power, but instead many equivalent major powers that balance one another. But I guess we’ll see.

当然，我相信这个世界不会再出现别的什么霸权了，在未来的几十年里，我们将会看到一种全新的局面，即不会再由一个国家单独称霸世界，相反，许多实力相当的大国会相互制衡。我想我们可以见证这一局面。

Goehler

China is the only economy that nears the USA. Post WWI and WWII, the once powerful economies of Europe collapsed. The USA filled that void and holds the position as top economy. However, the glue that once held the 50 states together is weakening. The battle between conservative and liberal states embarking on drastic policy differences is weakening the country. It's demise will allow China to be the next to assume economic superiority.

中国是唯一一个在经济实力上接近美国的国家。一战、二战后，曾经强大的欧洲经济崩溃了。美国趁机顶了缺，随后一直保持着顶级经济体的地位。但是，曾经将50个州团结在一起的凝聚力日益薄弱了。保守派州和自由派州之间激烈的政策分歧正在削弱美国的实力。美国的没落就会促使中国成为下一个占据经济优势的国家。

Nathan James

The reason is very, very simple: China will be a far more peaceful steward of the world order than USA ever was.

In the last 42 years, China has not fought a single war! Think about that for a moment.

No other major nation in human history has ever had such a long period of unbroken peace.

Throughout 5,000 years of Chinese history, China has never been colonialist. But guess who has. Rome. The Ottomans. Portugal. Spain. Netherlands. France. Great Britain.

原因非常非常简单：中国会比美国更祥和地管理世界秩序。

在过去的42年里，中国没有打过一场仗！你品一品这个事实。

在人类历史上，没有哪个大国有过这么长时间的和平。

在中国5000年的历史长河中，中国从来没有殖民过其他国家。你猜猜谁当过殖民者呢。罗马、奥斯曼帝国、葡萄牙、西班牙、荷兰、法国、英国。

USA can be lumped into the same group because it exerts great control over most of the nations of earth. USA has 800 military bases in 70 countries. USA has 12 supercarrier battle groups.

USA exerts further control through the US Dollar hegemony as the world’s reserve currency. USA has used this to rip off other countries in what is essentially a Mafia-style protection racket.

美国也可以被归到这一组，因为它对地球上大多数国家都实施了严格的控制。美国在70个国家有800个军事基地。美国还有12个超级航母战斗群。

美国通过美元的世界储备货币霸权地位进一步施加控制。美国利用美元的地位敲诈其他国家，这种行为本质上就是黑手党式的保护费敲诈行径。

Instead of waging war, China prefers to trade with the world. That’s the reason for Belt and Road. That’s the reason for the CAI deal with the EU. That’s the reason for the 25-year cooperation deal with Iran. That’s the reason for RCEP.

相较于发动战争，中国更愿意与世界各国开展贸易。这就是中国提出“一带一路”倡议的原因。这就是中国和欧盟达成CAI协议的原因。这就是中国和伊朗签署25年合作协议的原因。这也是中国推动区域全面经济伙伴关系协定的原因。