If Israel, a small nation, can defend herself against over 300 projectiles such as drones, ballistic missiles, and cruise missiles, why can’t Russia, a superpower, defend itself against a few drones?

如果连弹丸小国以色列都可以抵御无人机、弹道导弹和巡航导弹等300多件武器，怎么超级大国俄罗斯连几架无人机都抵御不了呢？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam

Israel is 21000 Sq Kms in Size

It needs a mere 20 Latest Satellites to cover every inch of territory and a further 100 kms in every direction

The Missiles and Drones came from a distance of almost 1100–1400 Kms which means at 180 kph, this meant at least 7 1/2 hours of travel time for Drones and 48 minutes for the Ballistic Missiles

以色列的面积是21000平方公里

只需要20颗最新的卫星就能覆盖以色列的每一寸领土，并还能往各个方向再扩展100公里。

这些导弹和无人机来自1100-1400公里之外的距离，意味着时速高达180公里，意味着无人机的飞行时间至少长达7个半小时，弹道导弹的飞行时间也长达48分钟。

Moscow regions and the Western Russia alone is 4.45 Million Square Kilometres

You need 4000 Satellites to cover every inch of Western Russia alone

You have 506 Satellites

That's 12.50% Coverage

Early warning, AWACS are all way below when it comes to minute by minute advance surveillance compared to satellites

Plus the Missiles and Drones come from distances of 65–200 Kilometers

That's a mere 18 minutes to 2 1/2 hours of flying time

仅莫斯科地区和俄罗斯西部就有445万平方公里

需要4000颗卫星来覆盖俄罗斯西部的每一寸土地

但你只有506颗卫星

只能覆盖12.5%的土地

与卫星相比，预警机在预先监视方面远远落后

此外，导弹和无人机来自65-200公里之外的距离

飞行时间只有18分钟到两个半小时

Plus the Drones are launched in Civilian Areas

If you can jam them before they are within 4 Kms Radius, which Russia does with 90% Drones, that's effective and the only damage would be when the drone falls down and causes debris to fall and injure/kill 3–4 people

IMAGINE HITTING THEM WITH AN AD MISSILE?

The Damage would be ten times more

而且无人机是在平民区发射的

如果你能在它们进入4公里半径之前拦截成功—俄罗斯可以拦截90%的无人机，就是有效拦截，唯一的损失就是无人机坠落时的碎片可能会造成3-4人的伤亡。

想象一下用防空导弹袭击这些无人机？

损失将达到十倍以上

So if you couldn't detect and jam them, the best course is to let them in and hit them with jamming within the civilian perimeter and absorb the explosive damage of the payload

For Missiles it's even faster

At 200 Kms distance, a Missile takes 2 to 3 minutes to hit the target

If you can't anticipate the launch, you ideally don't have enough time to intercept

The key is watching for any potential launch that gives you 7–10 minutes to anticipate the trajectory and allow AD a good chance for interception

所以如果你无法探测和干扰它们，最好的方法就是把它们放进来，在民用区域内进行干扰，消除有效载荷的爆炸伤害

对于导弹来说，这么做更快

对于200公里的距离，导弹需要2 ~ 3分钟才能击中目标

如果你不能预测导弹发射，你就没有足够的时间进行拦截

最重要的事是要监测一切有可能的武器发射，预留7-10分钟的时间来预测弹道，给防空系统提供很好的拦截机会

Russia does this 85% of the time

Russia once had 1 Satellite to cover Crimea

Now it has 4 Satellites

Launch speeds of SCALP and Storm Shadows are now easily tackled

Yet Taurus would get through and that would need more adjustments

俄罗斯在85%的时间都是这么做的

俄罗斯曾经只有1颗卫星覆盖克里米亚

现在它已经有4颗卫星了

SCALP导弹和Storm Shadows导弹的发射速度现在已经很容易应对了

但金牛座巡航导弹会躲过拦截，需要进行更多调整

Russia is too large and easier to miss missiles than the much smaller Israel

Yet if a 200,000 army decides to March on Tel Aviv, Israel would be occupied in 4 days even with the bravest fighting.

俄罗斯太大了，比面积小得多的以色列更容易错过导弹

但如果20万大军真的进军特拉维夫，即便以色列进行最勇敢的反抗，也会在4天内被成功占领。

Tim Rutkevich

First, being small has its advantages, you can defend it with just few assets. Second, Israel spend 1.2 Billions USD of missiles to shoot down somewhere 60 millions USD projectiles. Lastly, Iran did not use the latest and greatest missiles against Israel. That was very measured retaliation against only military tactics. Next salvo may be much greater and much more lethal. Especially given the fact that Iran has given warning of attack, and now knows where the radar installations are. Without warning and hitting all radar installation, and depleted stock of air defense missiles Israel will have very hard time.

Russia has a huge territory. Ukrainians can operate in Russia without any issues.

Can you imagine if some terrorists smuggle some drones through the border and use those drones to attach American infrastructure? It will be very easy to do.

首先，规模小有规模小的优势，只需要很少的资产就能保护它。其次，以色列用12亿美元的导弹击落了6000万美元的导弹。

最后，伊朗也并没有对以色列使用最新最强的导弹。这是伊朗对以色列军事手段的非常谨慎的报复。

下一次导弹齐射可能会规模更大，也更致命。尤其是鉴于伊朗已经发出了进攻警告，现在也知道了雷达装置设在哪里。

如果没有预警，没能打击所有雷达装置并耗尽防空导弹，以色列会非常非常艰难。

俄罗斯幅员辽阔。乌克兰人可以毫无问题地在俄罗斯开展行动。

如果有些恐怖分子偷运一些无人机通过边境，并用这些无人机攻击美国的基础设施，你敢想象吗？但这其实很容易做到。

Ridzwan Abdul Rahman

Israel could not defend itself against the Iranian attack. Even with help from US and Jordan, Iranian missiles managed to hit Israel.

Iran did not even really attack Israel to cause damage. They simply wanted to warn Israel that they have the means to bypass the Israel iron dome air defence system if they choose to attack in future.

(This is one reason why the US wants to get rid of TikTok - it tells the truth that the US tries to hide).

以色列无法抵御伊朗的袭击。就算有美国和约旦的帮助，伊朗的导弹也还是成功击中了以色列。

伊朗甚至并没有真的对以色列发起进攻，制造严重损害。他们只是想警告以色列，如果他们未来真的发动攻击，他们也有办法绕过以色列的铁穹防空系统。

这是美国想要解决TikTok的原因之一—这个平台披露了美国试图隐藏的真相

Nameless

The difference is “Israel” actually couldn't do shit against Iranian missiles.

While Russia can and shoots down most, if not all, Ukro-nazi drones.

不同之处在于，以色列对伊朗的导弹其实毫无招架之力。

但俄罗斯可以击落大部分(就算做不到全部击落)乌克兰纳粹的无人机。

Tony Tan

Because Israel is as stupid as a donkey. Iran used a couple of millions$ worth of toy drones and old missiles to force Israel to spend billions$ of air defense.

因为以色列笨得跟头驴一样。伊朗使用的是价值仅数百万美元的玩具无人机和旧导弹，但成功迫使以色列花费数十亿美元用于空中防御。

Adam Roach

Scale and competency.

The Israelis are defending a much smaller space with more experienced troops.

Israel also got help from the U.S.,UK and Jordan.

Russia is defending a massive space with less advanced equipment using less experienced troops who are not infrequently conscripts.

规模和能力。

以色列用经验更丰富的军队保卫一个更小的国家。

以色列还得到了美国、英国和约旦等国的帮助。

俄罗斯用不太先进的装备和经验不足的部队保卫大片领土，这些部队经常被征召入伍。

There is another issue too.

Iran launched hundreds of Shaheed drones from almost a thousand miles away. These drones are not fast. So Israel and its partners had about three hours to intercept.

It’s likely that Ukrainian special operations teams are sneaking into Russia and launching from less than a hundred miles away. Making intercepts harder.

还有另一个问题。

伊朗从近一千英里外发射了数百架沙希德无人机。这些无人机速度并不快。因此，以色列及盟军有大约三个小时的时间进行拦截。

乌克兰特别行动小组很可能潜入俄罗斯，从不到一百英里的地方发射导弹，使得拦截难度陡增。

Now why the Iranians did this might not be incompetence as some will state. Rather this was a face saving attack, en masse, that could be intercepted allowing Israel to take a win and then deescalate.

Iran doesn’t really want a direct war with Israel due to its inability to project total force. The same is true of Israel. Neither country has Expeditionary capability. Their militaries are set up for defensive schemes and perimeter offensive assaults.

现在，伊朗人这么做的原因可能并不是有些人所说的无能。相反，这是一次挽回颜面的大规模攻击，可以被拦截，让以色列取得胜利，然后让局势得到缓和。

伊朗并不想跟以色列爆发直接战争，因为它没有能力投入所有作战能力。以色列也是如此。这两个国家都没有远征的能力。他们的军队只是为了防御计划和外围进攻而组建的。

That massive desert between the two countries makes direct conflict incredibly difficult. It’s also geopolitically provocative and could draw other, currently uninvolved states into a conflict. Iraq, the Saudis and the Emiratis. Syria is staying silent on this.

The Iron Done network in Israel is essentially the best Air Defense system in the world right now. It can take out everything from mortars to ballistic missiles.

两国之间广袤的沙漠让双方难以发生直接冲突。双方在地缘政治上也具有挑衅性，可能会将其他观望中的国家卷入冲突。比如伊拉克，沙特阿拉伯和阿联酋。叙利亚则对此保持沉默。

以色列的铁穹系统其实是目前全球最好的防空系统了，可以摧毁从迫击炮到弹道导弹的一切武器。

Russian systems are designed to deal with big NATO based intruders. Planes and cruise missiles, not small drones. It’s a solid and robust system but not built for what the Ukrainians are doing. The Ukrainians are also originally, Russian trained and have a very good understanding of how Russian AD works.

Ever since the 91’ Gulf War, where Iraqi forces fired Soviet Era SCUD Missiles at Israel, the Israelis have poured huge resources into the development of Iron Dome. To the point that the U.S. has toyed with adopting it ; it incorporates the U.S. Based Patriot system into it, a derivative at least but, it does more in one integrated network system.

俄罗斯防空系统的设计目的是对付来自北约的大型入侵者，比如飞机和巡航导弹，并非小型无人机。这是一个坚实而强大的体系，不是为了乌克兰人的军事行动而打造的。乌克兰人最初接受的也是俄罗斯的训练，对俄罗斯的防空系统十分熟悉。

自从1991年海湾战争以来，伊拉克军队向以色列发射了苏联时代的飞毛腿导弹，以色列投入了大量资源开发铁穹系统，甚至美国也开始考虑采用这个系统；它兼容了美国的爱国者系统，至少是一个衍生品，但它在综合网络系统中的作用更大。

Saturday’s attack was also countered by fighter interceptors, well outside of the Iron Dome’s range. This is something the Jordanians have been practicing. This is also a job the F-35’s were built for and they might have had a big impact here.

Israel and Russia are two different types of wars with two different types of challenges. Each dealing with very different types of equipment.

Bottom line though, Israel has been preparing for a drone swarm attack for at least a decade longer than anyone else. That preparation has paid off.

周六的袭击也遭到了战斗机拦截机的反击，这些拦截机远远超出了铁穹的射程。这是约旦人一直在试验的。这也是美国打造F-35的目的，它们也许发挥了很大的影响。

以色列和俄罗斯经历的是两种完全不同的战争，面临着两种完全不同的挑战。分别涉及不同类型的武器装备。

但以色列为发动无人机群进攻而准备的时间至少比其他国家都要长上10年。他们的准备得到了回报。

Alex Korolev

The area of Israel is 22,145 km², the area of Russia without new regions is 17,100,000 km². The area of the Bryansk region where I live is 34,857 km² and it is the 62nd largest Russian region.

The attack was announced in advance, its direction was known, and the American and British Air Forces helped repel it. The numbers of downed missiles and drones recorded by Israel seem unrealistic to me.

Just the facts.

以色列的面积为22,145平方公里，俄罗斯不算新区的面积已达17100000平方公里。我居住的布良斯克地区面积为34857平方公里，在俄罗斯排第62位。

这次袭击是事先预告过的，进攻方向也提前知道，美国和英国空军帮助以色列击退了此次进攻。以色列击落的导弹和无人机的数量在我看来很不现实。

我说的就是事实。

Dominic Gallagher

Israel did have some help from the US, UK and France as well as neighbours like Jordan. A related question is why can’t these countries also defend Ukraine from the same Iranian made drones Russia is using….

以色列确实得到了美国、英国、法国以及约旦等邻国的帮助。对此有一个关联问题，为什么这些国家不能也出手保护保护乌克兰，让乌克兰免受俄罗斯使用的伊朗制造的无人机的袭击呢....