Why Was No One Ever Able to Conquer China?

为什么没人能征服中国?

以下是外国网友的评论：

joepup8348

China did not waste its energy and resources trying to conquer everyone else. Instead, it traded with everyone, hel create a stable, wealthy, peaceful region.

中国没有浪费精力和资源去征服其他国家。相反，它与所有国家进行贸易，帮助建立了一个稳定、富裕、和平的地区。

chokwoo5720

As a Chinese born and raise outside China, always feel proud of the strong egalitarian mindset and culture. With strong egalitarian mindset, we just cannot being subjugated

作为一个在国外出生和长大的中国人，我总是为强烈的平等主义心态和文化感到自豪。有了强烈的平等主义思想，我们就不会被征服

naeixwuch1324

Rome like all before and after expanded more than what they can handle. China has always been just a regional power. Never expanding more than it needs to, and will negotiate peace and have tribute states around them. They understand wars means time, money and lives. No country can sustain and survive no matter how strong you are. Even til today they are still using this same strategy while the US is heading towards the path of Rome.

罗马扩张超出了自己的承受能力。中国一直只是一个地区大国。永远不会扩张超过自己能力范围，并且会谈判和平，让周围的国家纳贡。他们明白战争意味着时间、金钱和生命。没有一个国家能够维持和生存下去，不管你有多强大。直到今天，他们仍然在使用同样的策略，而美国正在步罗马的后尘

qqziek9909

Chinese military were also the most powerful most of time. Chinese know how to fight and win.

中国军队在历史上大多数时候也是最强大的。中国人知道如何战斗和取胜。

linphilip6389

The answer is very simple. Chinese view themselves as one single unified race and the changes in dynasty in the past has been ths eagerness of the Chinese to find an extremely capable leader who can bring pride and dignity to all.

答案很简单。中国人认为自己是一个统一的民族，朝代不断变更，中国人渴望找到一个非常有能力的领导人，能给所有人带来骄傲和尊严。

liamporter1137

Chinese culture is full of wisdom accumulated throughout five thousands years history.

中国文化充满了五千年历史积淀的智慧。

zenden9

The big reason why China survive, is its powerful culture, bureacy system and language.

The liao come and they follow Chinese system , same as in of jurchen, yuan of mongol and Qing of Manchu.

中国能生存下来，主要靠强大的文化、官僚体系和语言。

辽代遵循中国的制度，与女真的金、蒙古的元、满族的清一样。

MrRockyyao

China was conquered by nomadic people several times, e.g in Yuan and Qin danasty, but the culture outlasted throughout all their conquerors and thriving until today. Amazing!

中国曾多次被游牧民族征服，如元朝和清朝，但中国文化都延续了下来，并一直繁荣到今天。神奇

jrwolf4955

During the Zhou Dynasty 3,000 years ago, each region was an independent state based on hereditary rule with a high degree of autonomy. After the Qin Dynasty unified China about 2,000 years ago, a unified system of town governors was established to manage taxation, resource allocation, and military management, which has continued to this day.

If the Chinese emperor cannot govern the country well, he will be overthrown, and the new dynasty will continue to rule completely again, and will not let warlords take power unless they have lost control

在3000年前的周朝，每个地区都是一个独立的国家，实行世袭制，高度自治。大约2000年前秦朝统一中国后，建立了统一的郡县制来管理税收、资源分配和军事管理，一直延续到今天。

如果皇帝不能很好地治理国家，他将被推番，新的王朝取而代之，并且不会让将领掌权，除非对他们失去控制

fungames24

Going by the number of countries in europe, it's a tribalistic place. The inter-tribe conflicts means it can never stay as a single unit. Hence, ww1, ww2, and now ww3 all happened in europe. The key to staying together is the elimination of tribalism. This was accomplished in china early on.

欧洲国家那么多，这是一个部落化的地方。部落间的冲突意味着它永远不能统一。因此，第一次世界大战、第二次世界大战和现在的第三次世界大战都发生在欧洲。团结的关键是消除部落主义。这在中国很早就实现了。

stephenyang2844

‘Zhong Yuan’ literally means ’center of origin‘.  Han Chinese consider all nomads ‘Hu people’ and westerners ‘Fan people’ as less civilized.  It amazes me to see the traditional Korean and Japanese dress styles that preserved the Tang dynasty cultural influence.

“中原”字面意思是“发源中心”。汉人认为所有的游牧民都是“胡人”，西方人是“樊人”，都不文明。看到保留了唐朝文化影响的韩国和日本传统服装风格，我感到很惊讶。

HanselJoe-m6e

Mongols , Khitan , Jurchen , Tangut Turkic want to be Chinese Emperor Civilization .

China was super regional power back then , everyone want to rule China and being part of Chinese Civilization

蒙古人、契丹人、女真人、突厥人都曾入主中原。

中国当时是超级地区大国，每个人都想统治中国，成为中国文明的一部分

Moeflyer6213

In China's circumstance:

Barbarians "We want to be Chinese because Chinese culture is good!"

Barbarians "Let's get into China and give Han Chinese names for ourselves!"

And then the barbarians were become Chinese.

In Europe's circumstances:

Gallians "We are the successor of Roman Empire!"

Germanic people “No! We are!

Slavic people "No! We are!"

Anglo-Saxons "No! We are!"

Gallians "Ah shug it! Let's decide this by war!"

And then no one become Roman Empire.

中国的情况：

蛮族：“我们想成为中国人，因为中国文化很好”

蛮族：“让我们进入中国，给自己取个汉人名字”

然后蛮族变成了中国人。

欧洲的情况：

加利安人:“我们是罗马帝国的继承者!”

日耳曼人:“不，我们才是!

斯拉夫人民“不，我们才是!”

盎格鲁-撒克逊人：“不，我们才是!”

加里安人:“算了吧！我们还是开战来解决这个问题!”

然后，没有一个成为罗马帝国。

ah5878

It’s difficult to apply western definition of a state to China.  “China” has been conquered by northern countries multiple times (i. E., Mongolia/Yuan dynasty, Manchuria/Qing dynasty), however both got domesticated by the Han culture.   

很难把西方对国家的定义应用到中国。“中国”曾多次被北方民族征服(如蒙古/元朝，满洲/清朝)，但都被汉文化驯化了。

truezyf

An obvious difference between China and other ancient civilizations is that high school students can directly read historical records from 2,000 years ago. As for other ancient countries, their records have either been lost and turned into myths and legends, or only archaeologists can understand them.

Chinese language never breaks.

中国和其他文明古国的一个明显的区别是，高三学生可以直接阅读2000年前的历史记录。而其他古国，要么遗失了记录、变为神话传说，要么只有考古学家才能读懂一点。中文从来没有断绝。

BubaKapao

Rome fragmented into very little pieces, and each piece emerged with their own identity and vision of its place in the world, with little connection to former glory that was Rome.

China was conquered by Mongols and Manchus in 13th century and again in 16th century.  Each time China overthrow its yoke and rebuild/renew itself, while the rememants of Mongols and Manchus submerged well into Chinese civilization over the centuries.  It is the culture things.

罗马四分五裂，每一块都有自己的身份和在世界上的地位，与罗马曾经的荣耀几乎没有联系。

中国在13世纪和16世纪分别被蒙古人和满族人征服，每次都推番枷锁，重建/更新自己，而蒙古人和满族人的记忆在几个世纪以来都深深地融入了中华文明。这就是文化。

pharmacist5884

All the countries of the sinosphere (Vietnam, Korea, Japan) wanted to mimic the Chinese Son of Heaven, to be true confucians, write classical Chinese, to wear Chinese style clothes. The Manchus conquered the Ming, but admired the advanced culture they managed to make them obedient, but wanted to be like the Chinese and after a few generations only a few could speak Manchu as most of the higher society spoke only Chinese, wanted to be like the chinese. This alone gives you a feeling how influential the Chinese culture is even to barbarian conquerors.

汉文化圈的所有国家（越南、韩国、日本）都想模仿中国的天子，成为真正的儒家，写文言文，穿中国风格的衣服。满族人打败了明朝，但钦佩先进的文化，他们学习汉人的文化，几代人之后，只有少数人会说满语，大多数上层社会人士只说汉语，想要像汉人一样。仅这一点就能让你感受到中国文化对野蛮征服者的影响力。

termyfl2677

Simple, Chinese have root, that's culture of ancestry

很简单，中国人有根，那是祖先的文化

johnlay3040

I think the most obvious difference is that China comprises its own people, cultures, customs and traditions. Most importantly is that it is large and old. Even conquerers like the Mongols and Manchus were absorbed to become Chinese. While Rome was a small tribe in Europe conquering various tribes and kingdoms. The Roman Empire had no unified culture, custom and tradition like China. You cannot find people you can call Roman nowadays. Latin was no longer used, except in Vatican. While in China, people speak Mandarin as lingua franca with dialects for socialising. All Chinese around the world identified themselves as Chinese regardless of their official nationalities. But, no one can be identified as Roman these days.

我认为最明显的区别是中国有自己的人民、文化、习俗和传统，最重要的是它幅员辽阔，历史悠久。甚至蒙古人和满族人这样的征服者也被吸纳成为中国人。而罗马是欧洲的一个小部落，征服了许多部落和王国。罗马帝国没有像中国那样统一的文化、习俗和传统。

现在已经找不到可以称之为罗马人的人了。除了梵蒂冈，拉丁语已不再使用。而在中国，人们把普通话作为通用语，在社交中使用方言。世界上所有的中国人都认为自己是中国人，不管他们的官方国籍是什么。但是，现在没有人能被认定是罗马人。

nghianja

Confucius philosophy and teachings allow the Chinese culture to stay true to itself at its core while still accepting of foreign cultures on the outside.

孔子的哲学和学说，让中国文化在保持其核心本色的同时，仍然接受外来文化。

dhoyongjeong5006

My view is that China has developed and maintained two of its fundamental ideologies - confucinism and legalism. Those two ideas founded the fundamentals of a strong central state government and the legal structure necessary to operate and maintain the central government. Contrary to this, the outsiders that conquered China, whlie good at warfare, lacked such a highly sophisticated and effective hierarchical system to govern such a vast land and so many people for a long time. Hence, every time the outsiders conquered China, they eventually found confucinism and legalism of China far more practical and applicable for the sustainment of their dynasty. If we follow the political history of China, the fundamentals of governing never really changed, no matter which peoples was sitting at the throne of the empire of China. Even the current china , who at one stage denounced the influence of confucinism, never actually removed it completely from their method of rule, either.

我的观点是，中国发展并保持了两种基本的意识形态——儒教和法家。

这两个理念奠定了一个强大的中央政府的基础，以及运作和维持中央政府所必需的法律结构。

与此相反，征服中国的外来者虽然擅长作战，却缺乏如此高度复杂有效的等级制度来长期统治如此广阔的土地和如此多的人口。

因此，每个外来征服者最终发现中国的儒教和法家更实用，更适用于维持他们的王朝。

如果我们仔细研究中国的政治史，会发现他们的执政基本原则从未真正改变，无论坐在帝国宝座上的是哪个民族。即使是现在的中国，曾经一度谴责儒家思想的影响，实际上也从未完全将其移除。

jonsnow8853

The information is well-presented. It is indeed accurate that both the Mongol and Qing Dynasties were thoroughly sinicized, as evidenced by their proclamations and official documents being recorded in both Chinese and their native languages. Both dynasties upheld Confucian principles and adhered to Confucian teachings. Civilization is defined by its people, not merely by those who govern it. It is a reflection of culture and is accessible to anyone willing to embrace it. This explains, in part, why there are 56 ethnic minorities in China.

元朝和清朝都彻底汉化了，这一点确实是对的，他们的公告和官方文件都是用汉语和他们的母语记录的。

两个朝代都坚持儒家原则，坚持儒家教义。文明是由人民来定义的，而不仅仅是由统治者来定义的。

它是文化的反映，任何愿意接受它的人都可以接受。这在一定程度上解释了为什么中国有56个民族。

Roxana-gu5zt

The Roman Empire survived until 1453 when Constantinople fell to the Ottomans.

罗马帝国一直延续到1453年，直至君士坦丁堡被奥斯曼人攻陷。

CantoniaCustoms

I mean I guess the Yuan and Qing dynasties count as being conquered, but it cancels out as the manchus and Mongols became sinaboos.

元朝和清朝算征服过，但随着满族和蒙古人成为中国人，就算抵消了。

Seongbin99

Rome never treated the people they conquered as romans, but lower class outsider and slaves. that's what led to the eventual downfall of roman empire.

罗马从来没有把他们征服的人民当作罗马人，而是当作下层阶级，当做外来者和奴隶。这就是导致罗马帝国最终灭亡的原因。

Ch4nnyb0y

I'dd add that China's government and people has never let religion took over drastically. Instead it's lead by solid values and principles, then adopted some ideologies/philosophies ... and not screwed into molded religions which never evolve through times, that's why they can adapt to many dynasties and eras.

我还要补充一点，中国和人民从来没有让宗教全盘接管。相反，它是由坚实的价值观和原则引导的，然后采用了一些意识形态/哲学，而不是被塑造成永远不会随着时间而发展的宗教，这就是为什么他们可以适应许多朝代和时代。

david3549tw

One common script, a mainstream civilization, a system of bureaucracy cultivation that’s based on the mainstream civilization.

通用的文字，主流的文明，加上基于主流文明的官僚制度。

yehuo2825

this was a significant piece of history why the mongols could create such a large empire...

这是一个重要的历史片段，为什么蒙古人可以创建一个如此庞大的帝国…