美国悍然升级对华管制，中国140家半导体企业被列入“实体清单” 限制

The US is set to impose its third round of restrictions on China's semiconductor industry in three years, a report has said. The new measures, expected to be announced on Monday, will target over 140 Chinese companies, including chip equipment maker Naura Technology Group, and impose stricter controls on exports of advanced technology.

Citing two people familiar with the matter, news agency Reuters reported that the latest effort is to hinder China's progress in develo advanced chips.

一份报告称，美国准备对中国半导体行业实施三年来的第三轮限制。周一宣布的新措施针对包括芯片设备制造商诺拉科技集团在内的140多家中国公司，并对先进技术的出口实施更严格的控制。

路透社援引两位知情人士的话说，最新的举措是阻碍中国在开发先进芯片方面取得进展。

The latest reported move is one of the Biden administration's last large-scale efforts to stymie China's ability to access and produce chips, particularly those used in artificial intelligence and military applications, which the US views as a national security threat

Reuters says that the move, which comes just weeks before the swearing-in of Republican former president Donald Trump, is expected to be retained in the next regime.

据报道，此举是拜登政府为阻碍中国获取芯片生产的能力而做出的最后一次大规模努力之一，特别是那些用于人工智能和军事应用的芯片，美国认为这些芯片对国家安全构成了威胁

路透社表示，就在共和党前总统唐纳德·特朗普宣誓就职前几周，这一举措预计会在下一届政权中保留。

当地时间12月2日，美国商务部工业和安全局（BIS）发布了出口管制的“强化版”新规，进一步限制中国人工智能和先进半导体的发展。

这次新规主要有两份文件，第一份是152页的临时最终规则（IFR，Interim final rule），BIS对出口管理条例（EAR）的某些管控进行了调整，涉及先进计算物、超级计算机以及半导体制造设备。

第二份是58页的最终规则（Final rule），名为《实体清单的新增与修改及从验证终端用户（VEU）计划中移除》。该规则通过新增和修改实体清单，对某些关键技术进行管控。两份新规都在2024年12月2日当天生效。

根据当天BIS的公告，新的规则主要包括5个方向：对24种半导体制造设备和3种用于开发或生产半导体的软件工具实施新的管制；对高带宽存储器（HBM）实施新的管制；针对合规和转移问题的新的“红旗警告”（Red flag guidance，相当于强化预警，防止规避出口政策）；在“实体清单”中新增加140个名单并进行14项修改，涵盖中国设备制造商、半导体晶圆厂和投资公司；以及几项关键的监管变化，以增强先前管制的有效性。

以下是网友的评论：

Ragspad

China is way ahead in tech and will they be affected to be bothered. Sanctions were imposed on Russia & Iran yet they seem to be getting along.

中国科技实力遥遥领先，他们会受到影响吗。美国对俄罗斯和伊朗实施了制裁，但这些国家似乎过得好好的。

Abhay Sandwar
US____COUNTRY INTEREST FIRST SO ALL RESTRICTIONS ON CHINA GROWING MARKET INTEREST AND CONTROL TO SAVE US > NOW CHINA MAY THINK ALTERNATIVE TO SAVE ITS SEMI CONDUCTOR CHIP ALLIED MARKET < NOT AGAINST INTERNATIONAL NORMS SINCE TAKER COUNTRY CAN LIST CONCESSIONS AND RESTRICTIONS AS WELL TO SAVE ITS OWN MARKET POTENTIALITY

美国优先考虑自己的国家利益，对中国的所有限制都是为了拯救美国。现在，为了拯救自己的半导体芯片市场，中国可能会寻找其他的替代方案

Sarcastic Bee

China is far too big, far too advanced and far too developed to be affected by such bans. The BUFFOON Trump will only make a fool out of himself.

中国太大、太先进、太发达，不会受到该禁令的影响的。流氓特朗普只会让自己出丑。

Rohan Sarcastic

what bakwas. the bigger they are. the economy is more dependent on others.

经济规模越大。经济就越依赖他人。

Somebody

No more technology theft

再也偷不到技术了

User Panda
Elon Musk's rivals like Sam Altman, Tim Cook, Bill Gates, Jeff Bezos, Zuckerberg Fear Musk Will Target Them With His New Power - total conflict of interest in job profile! Once upon a time in the USA, conflict of interest was a big deal not anymore.

埃隆·马斯克的竞争对手，如萨姆·奥特曼、蒂姆·库克、比尔·盖茨、杰夫·贝索斯、扎克伯格，担心马斯克会借机针对他们——存在利益冲突！

曾几何时，在美国，利益冲突不再是大事。

Aashish

China need to get all chinese in USA to work anti usa

中国应该发动所有在美国的中国人起来反美

naman j

Indins, chinese, japanese, koreans etc burning day and night like coal to contribute in the USA economy ... still white americans continue to out restrictions

印度人、中国人、日本人、韩国人等日夜燃烧自己，为美国经济做出贡献。美国白人仍在继续限制

RAVI RAMASWAMY

Most of the research work in this field is done by people of Asian origin in the US. "Original Americans" are good for nothing.

半导体产业的这一领域，大部分研究工作是由美国的亚裔人士完成的。“美国原住民”毫无用处。

Avinash Chandra

Chinese are too smart to steal technology from USA.

中国人太聪明了，不会从美国窃取技术的

Barrett
US vs. China: The Semiconductor Showdown Escalates

As the Biden administration nears the end of its term, it has launched a significant crackdown on China’s semiconductor industry. On December 2, Reuters reported that the U.S. will impose export controls on 140 Chinese companies, including semiconductor giant NAURA Technology Group. This marks the third major action against China’s chip-making capabilities in three years and represents one of the administration’s final large-scale moves in its efforts to contain Chinese technological development.

美国与中国：半导体对决升级

随着拜登政府任期接近尾声，美国对中国的半导体行业发起了重大打击。12月2日，路透社报道称，美国对140家中国公司实施出口管制，其中包括半导体巨头NAURA Technology Group。这标志着三年来针对中国芯片产业的第三次重大行动，也是美国遏制中国技术发展的最后一次大规模行动之一。

Paul H

There is probably a deep secret reason why the USA is so terrified of Chinese technology advances. I suspect the USA is secretly aware of some groundbreaking technology breakthrough that China is working hard to develop, maybe China is actually testing a prototype of some radically new technology that terrifies the USA. Something strange has happening for the USA to act in the paranoid way it has been acting for the past several months. Maybe it’s a new technology that will leapfrog past American technology. Only time will tell.

美国如此害怕中国技术进步，可能有一个深层次的秘密原因。我怀疑美国暗中知道中国正在努力开发一些突破性的技术，也许中国正在测试一些让美国感到恐惧的全新技术。美国在过去几个月里做事一直如此偏执，这很奇怪。也许中国有了一项超越美国的新技术。只有时间才能证明，拭目以待

Barrett

There is a lot going on here in China with regards to semiconductor development. For example Huawei have just opened their new R&D facility in Shanghai, will be home to 30K+ R&D engineers, many of them will be working on Semiconductors. Also, many of China's top universities are also working on this... It's only a matter of time!!!

中国半导体发展取得了很大进展。例如，华为刚刚在上海开设了新的研发工厂，有3万多名研发工程师，其中许多人从事半导体研发工作。此外，许多中国顶尖大学也在研究这个。突破只是时间问题！

Paul H

That’s great news that China is intensively focussing on the technologies that will drive future innovations.

这是一个好消息，中国正集中精力推动技术创新

Chan888Mimosa

Desperation of the US fighting a technology war that they ultimately cannot win.

美国绝望了，他们在打一场自己最终无法获胜的技术战争

Barrett

Indeed. It's only a matter of time. China are much more strategic than the US. The US would be far better off co-operating with China on tech.

的确。这只是时间问题。中国比美国更具战略头脑。美国选择与中国技术合作会更明智

Aji

China should make their own chips. If they can't that means they are inferior beings and should submit to America. It is that simple

中国应该自己造芯片。如果造不出来，说明他们技不如人，那就应该服从美国。就这么简单

larry

The success of China’s chip industries in last few years has led us to believe the controls will fail due to the massive development and investment in China’s chip technology.

Time will tell and we all will witness the outcome.

中国芯片行业在过去几年取得的成功，让我们相信，中国对芯片技术进行了大规模投资，美国的制裁措施会失败的。

时间会证明一切，拭目以待