Why can't India manufacture cheaper products as compared to the Chinese?
为什么印度无法生产比中国更便宜的产品呢?
印度时报读者评论：
来源：三泰虎 https://www.santaihu.com/45855.html 译者：Joyceliu
外文链接：https://www.quora.com/Why-cant-India-manufacture-cheaper-products-as-compared-to-the-Chinese
Gaurav Kumar
Very simple……
Because India don’t want to do.
What they want is simple i.e to fill their own pockets and if you do it on your own then they will be your biggest barrier
As simple as that
People who give technical excuse are just making excuses because anyway they like the present situation…
很简单……
因为印度不想这么做。
他们想要的很简单，比如填满他们自己的口袋，如果你自己干的话，他们会成为你最大的障碍
就是这么简单
那些以技术为借口的人只是在找借口，因为不管怎样，他们就喜欢现状
Gowindan Nampoothiri, former General Manager (Retired ) at Reserve Bank of India
There is a lot difference in the attitude of Indian and Chinese industrialists .They produce for consumers and we produce for profit .The interest rate had been reduced over 40% in the past four years .The manufacturers did not reduce prices correspondingly but increased prices !The GST benefit was taken away by increase in MRP .Indian industrialists are profit mongers .there is no use in giving concessions to them .Indian companies can reduce prices substantially but the companies supported by politicians make our goods costly and cheat the consumers
印度和中国的企业家们的态度很很大的不同。他们为消费者生产，而我们为了利润而生产。过去四年间利率已经降低了超过40%，但制造商并没有相应地降低价格，反而还抬高了增加价格!消费税带来的收益已被蚕食了。印度企业家唯利是图，对他们让步没用的。印度企业可以大幅降低商品价格，但政客们支持的公司让我们的产品价格高企，欺骗消费者
Pravinchandra G Dhameliya, Project Manager (2015-present)
What ever you want to produce there is too many taxes.
Electricity is dearer. Half baked transport system,queue at Airport, sea port and highway.
Too many government interferance for each and every non exsting procedures. If you have some crore of capital it is not possible to have permission to produce anything. Too much corruption and delays by givt Agencies
无论你想生产什么，都要交太多的税。
电力是昂贵的。运输系统不完善，机场、港口、高速公路总是大排长龙。
政府在每个环节进行了太多的干预。如果你只有几千万资本，你不可能获得生产任何东西的许可。政府机构的贪污腐败和办事拖沓太严重了。
Adam Moriady
After viewing other answers talking about China, especially those most upvoted, I think I find the ultimate reason why india can’t manufacture cheap products as China:
Because Indians never bother getting facts straight first, even in discussion.
在看了其他关于中国的回答后，尤其是那些最受欢迎的回答之后，我认为我找到了印度没办法像中国那样生产廉价产品的终极原因:
因为印度人从不费心先弄清楚事实，就算是在讨论中也是如此。
Devendra Thuta, studied Science at Andhra University College of Sciences (1964)
India has not understood mechanism of automation and knowledge in various industrial processes cheaper at the same time quality and accuracy imparance. At the same time innovative thinking, knowledge, training and education.
印度还没有掌握自动化的机制，以及在各种工业加工过程中降低成本的同时提高质量和精确性的知识。同时也缺乏创新思维、知识、培训和教育。
Prathit Misra, Assistant Secretary, Ministry of External Affairs
In fact, India can manufacture cheaper and better quality products than China in future. The reason is that the Chinese wages are rising and are becoming un-competitive viz-a-viz Indian wages. If we can skill our labour force and also keep improving the ease of doing business scenario in India, which includes access to land, electricity, lesser clearances, transparency and predictability in decision making, then there is no reason why we cannot manufacture cheaper and better.
事实上，未来印度可以生产比中国更便宜、质量更好的产品。原因是中国的工资正在上涨，和印度的工资相比越来越变得没有竞争力。如果我们能够熟练掌握劳动力技能，并不断改善在印度做生意的便利程度，包括土地、电力、许可、透明度和决策的可预测性，那么我们就没有理由不能生产出更便宜、更好的产品。
We have recently made rapid strides in the Ease of Doing Business Index. All our villages have been electrified now. We can only become better from here.
我们最近在《营商便利指数》方面取得了快速进展。我们所有的村庄都通电了。我们只会变得越来越好。
Aditya Pareek, former Software Engineer at Capgemini India (2012-2015)
In first 30 years of independence India and China had a similar growth pattern. Both India and China have put in place industrial policy in 1980s and 1990s, but in China Deng iao declared that it did not matter whether cat was black or white so long it caught mice. India had many more demands of industrial cat not just the simple business of catching mice. It should preferably a government owned, located in industrially backward area, be small scale in its operation and use indigenous mice catching technology as well as capital equipment. Inevitably, India hobbled in manufacturing sector while China becomes the worlds factory.
在独立后的前30年，印度和中国的增长模式相似。印度和中国都在上世纪80年代和90年代实施了产业政策，但在中国，宣布，不管黑猫白猫，能抓老鼠就是好猫。印度需要更多这样不仅仅能抓老鼠的工业猫。它最好是一个位于工业落后地区的政府拥有的、小规模经营和使用本国老鼠捕捉技术以及资本设备的国有企业。印度在制造业上步履蹒跚，而中国已成为世界工厂。
Supratik Sinha, Intersted in global topics related with india
firsly , i would say india lacks the mindset in which china deals but nowadays goverment is on it.
首先，我想说印度缺乏中国的心态，但如今政府开始重视了。
secondly, corruption is the most which is effecting indian economy, indian politics is to blame for. also we have to keep in mind that china is a co unist country they have clear and common thinking regarding business,politics,trade,labour……but here india lags because their are so many political parties each have different views and produces political problems for central goverment.Hence india loses its continous mindset.
其次，腐败是影响印度经济的最主要因素，印度政治是罪魁祸首。我们也要记住，中国是一个*主义国家，他们在商业、政治、贸易、劳工等问题上有清晰的共识，但印度在这方面落后，因为印度国内有很多政党，每个政党都有不同的观点，给中央政府带来政治问题。因此，印度的思维模式无法连贯一致。
third, india lacks in skilled labours inputs which is one of most important.
第三，印度缺乏最重要的技术劳动力投入。
fourth, india can’t produce quantity in huge amount
印度无法大量生产
Leigh Hincks
It can, and does. But the problem, as seen by potential clients is the lack of infrastructure and political stability. There is also the other develo nations that are able to provide labour and resources for manufacturing. Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Estonia, Bulgaria, Mexco, Haiti, Latvia to name a few. Some of these countries have similar problems that India has. Businesses will look at which best suits their requirements.
印度可以的。但在潜在客户看来，问题在于基础设施和政治稳定的缺乏。另外，也有其他发展中国家能够为制造业提供劳动力和资源。菲律宾，泰国，越南，孟加拉国，印度尼西亚，爱沙尼亚，保加利亚，墨西哥，海地，拉脱维亚等等。这些国家中有一些和印度有相似的问题。企业将考虑哪些最符合它们的需求。
In the modern world, there are many many choices for manufacturing. Africa is also going to develop initially in this area. But, it also has monstrous infrastructure and political/security problems.
在现代世界，制造业有很多很多的选择。非洲也将在这一领域开始发展。但是，它也有可怕的基础设施和政治/安全问题。
In China, local businesses are going off-shore to manufacturing of cheap items such as t-shirts. A batch of t-shirts that used to be made in Guangzhou are having their orders taken there, but might be made in Bangladesh because the labour costs in China are getting too high. Plus, getting people to actually do this mundane work is becoming more difficult.
在中国，当地企业正在海外生产T恤等廉价商品。过去在广州生产的T恤,现在在广州接单，但可能会安排在孟加拉国生产，因为中国的劳动力成本越来越高。此外，让人们真正做这种单调的工作也变得越来越困难。
William Hennigan, lived in China
They can and they do. However, China is extremely focused on manufacturing for export, compared to India. The products made in India are largely made for sale inside India. There are many good answers below, which lays out the many problems.
他们可以，也确实做到了。然而，与印度相比，中国极其注重出口制造业。印度制造的产品主要在印度国内销售。下面有很多很好的答案，列出了很多问题。
Bottom line India is not now and never will be China. As India moves forward addressing the items inhibiting their continued growth they will be come one of the robust manufacturing nations in the world. But, they probably, they will never be the "export machine" that China is.
印度现在不是，将来也永远不会成为中国。随着印度着手解决阻碍其持续增长的问题，它们将成为世界上最具活力的制造业国家之一。但是，它们可能永远不会成为中国那样的“出口机器”。
Note: As some of the answers below point out, being the low cost manufacturer, is not a defensible marketing posture.
注意:正如下面的一些回答所指出的，作为低成本制造商，并不是一种站得住脚的营销姿态。
Christian Miller, 10 years in Beiing working as Consultant
Indian do not have the infrastucture
Indian do not have the credibility
and indian companies have leck of machine, and suppliers
In China you have everything close…
印度没有基础设施
印度人没有信誉
印度公司缺乏机器和供应商
在中国，你可以在很近的地区范围内轻松地找到一切……
Kamal Padam, Co Founder (2010-present)
I know the case of solar panels. China decided to build 60 GW solar capacity. To do this, they invited entrepreneurs to set up the needed capacity, and funded their capital at 1.25% to 1.5% interest. And gave them prices that enabled them to recover their investment by the time 60 GW was setup. That means China had a huge capacity, with zero investment.
我知道太阳能电池板的情况。中国决定建造60千兆瓦的太阳能发电能力。为此，他们邀请企业家来修建，并以1.25%到1.5%的利率为他们的资本提供资金。给他们提供的价格使他们能够在60吉瓦发电能力建成时就收回投资。这意味着中国拥有巨大的产能，却没有任何投资。
Those factories flooded the world market, including India, with low cost panels and inverters. And how did the Modi government respond? In order to protect its cronies like Adani and others, it has proposed a 30% import duty. That would let Indian manufacturers raise their prices by that much.
这些工厂以低成本的面板和变频器涌入了包括印度在内的全球市场。莫迪政府对此有何反应?为了保护阿达尼等盟友，莫迪政府提出征收30%的进口税。这将使印度制造商也跟着将价格提高那么多。
The Ujala or whatever scheme to distribute LED lamps to consumers was similarly ill planned and ill executed. My company manufactures LED lamps in India and we export these to US, Canada and Europe as well. But going by the long winded norms set by the Govt of India, we did not qualify. They bought from Philips, which had exted this business few years back, and does not own or run a single factory anywhere in the world. We walked out of negotiations in disgust since it was draining our time.
Ujala或其他向消费者分发LED灯的计划也同样缺乏规划和执行。我公司在印度生产LED灯具，我们也出口到美国、加拿大和欧洲。但按照印度政府制定的冗长的标准，我们不符合资质。他们收购了几年前退出该行业的飞利浦，在全球各地都没有拥有或经营一家工厂。我们怀着厌恶的心情终止了谈判，因为谈判耗费了我们的时间。
I am told by friends we are similarly losing out on Lithium batteries and energy storage systems. Our babus and politicians information is 20 to 30 years old and obsolete.
朋友们告诉我，我们同样正在失去锂电池和储能系统。我们的先生和政客们的信息都保留在20到30年前，早已经过时了。
Oraf Moin, Proprietor at Hind National Exports (1992-present)
Geographical zoning of industry not possible in India but possible in China.
工业区划在印度是不可能的，但在中国是可能的。
Let's put it this way. I need to make shoes for export. The factories are in Northern Arcot, Tamil Nadu. The molds to make shoes are made in Agra in UP. Raw leather (goat) is available in West Bengal. Raw leather (bovine) is big in UP, Maharashtra. This is just a rough summary to give u idea.
这样说吧。我需要做出口鞋。这些工厂位于泰米尔纳德邦的阿科特北部。制鞋的模具是在北方邦的阿格拉公司生产的。在西孟加拉邦可以买到生皮革(山羊)。马哈拉施特拉邦的生皮革很多。这只是一个粗略的总结，让你了解一些概念。
And I'm a guy from Kerala who wants to export shoes. So since each component is available in a different state, cost of moving them all to your manufacture point is expensive since much more logistics are involved.
我是喀拉拉邦人，想出口鞋子。因此，鉴于每个零配件都分散在不同的邦，因此将它们全部运输到你的加工点，成本非常高，因为涉及到更多的物流支出。
In China, what happens is that the federal government issues a decree saying that all items related to leather should move to Tamil Nadu. All industries related to steel should move to Maharashtra etc.
在中国，中央政府颁布了一项法令，规定所有与皮革有关的物品都应该转移到泰米尔纳德邦。所有与钢铁相关的行业都应该迁往马哈拉施特拉邦等地。
This I'd industrial zoning. In China, every allid industry is zoned in specific provinces. In India, if every allied activity regarding footwear was focused around Tamil Nadu, I bet u I can defeat or at least match the Chinese in price.这个我工业分区。
在中国，每个工业都在特定的省份进行划分。在印度，如果所有与鞋类相关的生产活动都集中在泰米尔纳德邦，我敢打赌，我能击败或至少在价格上赶上中国。
In India, policy is formed by state govt. In China it's formed by central govt. So such zoning by federal decree won't happen here. We can't even get Tamil Nadu and Karnataka to share water. How are we gonna zone the entir country ?
在印度，政策是由邦政府制定的，在中国，政策是由中央政府制定的，所以分区政策不会在印度实现。我们甚至都无法让泰米尔纳德邦和卡纳塔克邦共享水源。我们怎么可能在全国范围内进行分区?
Vikas Shelke, Sr MKT Man
Before Chinese invasion with ''Made in China '' products , there were mini Chinas in Indian cities like Ahmedabad , Ulhasnagar, Delhi , Ludhiyana which still are but overshadowed by Chinese clout. Thety followed the same Chinese model of business of copying and dum the products at cheaper prices than brands . But now since 30 years China is on doorstep to topple mighty US as economic super power .
在中国以“中国制造”的产品入侵印度之前，在印度的艾哈迈达巴德、乌尔哈斯纳加、德里、卢迪亚纳等城市都有微型中国城，但仍被中国的影响力所掩盖。他们遵循了中国的商业模式，以低于品牌的价格山寨和倾销产品。但如今，自30年以来，中国正逐步取代强大的美国，成为经济超级大国。
Difference between china and India is way government runs and not type of government alone .
中国和印度的区别在于政府的运作方式，而不仅仅是政府类型。
China has uniform focus and put there complete efforts in development only , there strict code of conduct , single child policy , strict criminal laws , relaxed land reforms and heavy investment on infrastructure was prime focus which rewarded her with huge investments flowing from all corners of the world . Its investor friendly policies helped her gain excessive industrialisation in every field but at cost of its huge population in initial years of liberation . The people were lowly paid working in worst conditions . that did helped her to be competitive and now standard of living of average Chinese worker is better of than most of Asians or Europeans too .
中国有统一和为发展付出的一切努力，有严格的行为准则，独生子女政策，严格的刑法，土地改革和对基础设施投入的大量投资，这些特质为她从世界的各个角落带回了巨额的投资。它对投资者友好的政策帮助她在每个领域都实现了极度工业化，但在解放初期，她付出了大量人口的代价。这些人的工资很低，工作条件很差。这确实帮助她变得富有竞争力，现在中国普通工人的生活水平也比大多数亚洲人或欧洲人都要好。
India on other hand had people eccentric laws favouring masses , Being agrarian nation , Land required for industrial use was difficult to acquire , in de ocracy govt cannot force land acquisition and it takes years or decades to just acquire land for any infrastructural projects.
另一方面，印度有一些古怪的法律，偏袒大众。作为一个农业国家，很难获得工业用地，在民*国家，政府不能强制征用土地，而仅仅为任何基础设施项目获得土地就需要数年或数十年的时间。
With huge population and still growing the land is becoming dearer , the laws in India favour labourers , masses , consumers more though politics is business and invester driven .India has expensive labour force compared to china , and business class without govt support has to do business at there own . India has different demography with no of states having there own laws favouring local populace .
巨大的人口仍在增长，土地变得更贵，虽然政治是商业和投资者驱动的，但印度的法律更支持劳动者、大众和消费者。印度与中国相比有昂贵的劳动力，没有政府的支持，商人做生意一切都要靠自己。印度有不同的人口结构，没有一个邦拥有有利于当地民众的法律。
India can never compete with china on competitive business unless Chinese manufacturing cost rises beyond its control , but instead of India , there are many nations who can adopt chinease model like , Brazil, Argentina , Pakistan , South Africa , Nepal , Srilanka .
除非中国的制造成本超出控制范围，否则印度永远无法在商业领域与中国竞争。但是，许多国家可以采用中国模式，而非印度模式，比如巴西、阿根廷、巴基斯坦、南非、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡。
India will continue to have expertise in some fields like IT , Auto , Metallurgic , space science , entertainment , engineering bettering China in most .
印度将继续在信息技术、汽车、冶金、太空科学、娱乐、工程等领域拥有专长，超越中国。
Ramsankar Karakkatt, SSC Aspirant
The very base of our problem is that we view money as evil. Every rich man is seen as a criminal and person looting public. That is not necessarily true. If you make money in wrong way then it is crime.
我们国家的问题的基础是我们认为金钱是邪恶的。每个富人都被视为罪犯，被视为抢劫公众的人。这未必是真的。如果你以错误的方式赚钱，那才是犯罪。
Lack of entrepreneurship is the root of our problems because being Rich is a crime, Taking risk is a crime,creating Jobs are not welcomed. Instead if we just go for an MNC job everyone is happy.
缺乏创业精神是我们问题的根源，因为富裕是一种犯罪，冒险是一种犯罪，创造就业机会并不受欢迎。相反，如果我们去找一份跨国公司的工作，每个人都会很开心。
Whom do we idolize ??? Politicians, IAS officers, movie stars? Recently what have they done for Us.
我们崇拜谁?政治家，国际原子能机构官员，电影明星?他们最近为我们做过什么？
Who does an American idolize? Steve Jobs, Larry page, makers of modern America
美国人崇拜谁?史蒂夫·乔布斯，拉里·佩奇，现代美国的创造者
Shreyansh Bele
There are many factors associated with a producing a cheap product. The labour is very much exploited in China, the govt has liberal taxation* plus as 'Sumit indal' already mentioned the brand name or brand value is lost in this process. The so called Chinese products are many times imported by avoiding taxes & import duties resulting in lower prices.
生产廉价产品有很多因素。中国的劳动力被大量剥削，政府有征税的自由，加上“Sumit indal”已经提到品牌名称或品牌价值在这个过程中消失。所谓的中国产品很多时候是通过避税和免征进口关税进口的，导致了价格下降。
Contrary to which now we are now giving more importance to branding (Mc Donald's & Nike has increased business multi-fold in resent years).
与此相反，我们现在更加重视品牌(麦当劳和耐克近年来的业务增长了好几倍)。
In India if a person starts a business now the focus is on branding & quality as they wish to make it big. If they start making low quality cheap products long term business is almost impossible and also illegal in some contexts ( we have rules for taxes & manufacturing processes). Hope this helps.
在印度，如果一个人现在开始创业，重点应放在品牌和质量上，因为他们希望把它做大。如果他们开始生产低质量的廉价产品，长期的生意几乎是不可能的，在某些情况下也是非法的(我们有监管税收和生产过程的法规)。希望这个回答有帮助。
Sandy Jain, Managing Director
LACK OF GOVT. SUPPORT… in Infrastructure, labour laws, money to set up large plants to achieve economy of scale and EXCESS OF GOVT. INTERFERENCE.
在基础设施、劳动法、建立大型工厂以实现规模经济的资金方面缺乏政府的支持……以及政府过度干预。
Another reason is artificial support for Chinese exports by management of the value of their currency…
另一个原因是通过人为操控人民币汇率、支持中国的出口……
Chinese labour is more efficient, near nil corruption at lower levels of state administration and competition amongst states to do better than the other.
中国工人的效率更高，在省级行政部门中腐败几乎为零，省份之间相互竞争，争当上游。
However cost of Chinese products is increasing rapidly due to increase in cost of living, increase in aspirations of the workers and global pressure to correct forex rate of Yuan.
然而，由于生活成本的增加，工人们的期望越来越高，以及全球要求调整人民币汇率的压力，中国产品的成本正在迅速上升。
Anil Kumar Raj, an Indian..
India can’t manufacture cheaper products because of some basic issues;
印度无法生产更便宜的产品，是因为某些基本问题；
Land - it takes ages to get land for a project in India; if you don’t have connection, then forget it
土地——在印度为某个项目获得土地需要花费很长时间；如果你没有关系，那就忘了它；
power - if I want to start a small manufacturing plant, there is no guarantee that I’ll have a regular supply of power
电力——如果我想开办一个小型制造厂，无法保证我能得到稳定的电力供应
transportation - the ground transportation is not efficient; a truck might take up to 15 days to travel 2000 kilometers.
运输——地面运输效率不高；一辆卡车行驶2000公里可能需要15天。
skilled resources - there is a real shortage of skills who can work on advanced machines
技术资源——能在先进的机器上工作的技术工人确实短缺
bureaucracy - one Cabinet minister in the present government was complaining that it is taking months for him to get an approval for a parking project; think about a normal person
官僚主义——现任政府的一位内阁部长抱怨说，他花了好几个月的时间才获得一个停车项目的批准；想想看，换成普通人会怎样
water - water is a key component for certain manufacturing plants and it’s not available everywhere and anywhere.
水——水是某些制造工厂的关键组成部分，它不是在任何地方都能得到的。
Shivam Vatshayan, Bharat a bestower of good fortune!
Its not that India Don’t produce cheaper products !
不是印度不生产更便宜的产品!
Some Indian Products are costlier in India but its cheaper when its export or sold it in foreign Country.
一些印度产品在印度更贵，但出口或在国外销售时更便宜。
As these all happens due to “Dum”
这些都是由于"倾销"
Dum is one of major price discrimination factors in Economic.
倾销是经济中主要的价格歧视因素之一。
China sell their products costlier and at high rates same product in India just because they can sell it in large quantity and get high Profit.
中国在印度销售同样产品的价格更高，因为他们可以大批量销售并获得高额利润。
These factor of Price discrimination reason are:
这些价格歧视的原因是:
Forex - Foreign Exchange ( Exchange of national to International money give boost to economic). Every other large country do it like America, Russia and EU.
外汇-外汇(国内货币兑换国际货币促进经济发展)。其他大国都是这样做的，比如美国、俄罗斯和欧盟。
High Profit- High Selling of Product directly responsible for profit gain.
高利润-产品的高销售直接负责利润的增长。
Market opportunity - Develo nation have high profitable and sustainable market.
市场机会——发展中国家拥有高利润和可持续的市场。
So, we can say India manufacture Cheaper product but sometime it sell at higher cost
所以，我们可以说印度制造更便宜的产品，但有时它以更高的价格销售:
Sumit indal, Senior Software Engineer at Accolite Software India Pvt Ltd (2017-present)
India can manufacture cheap products, and it does. But not to very large extent. The reason is that when you are selling goods in your own country, you cannot compromise your reputation with profits. A company may be able to get profits from poor products for a while, but that will ruin its reputation forever. Note that Chinese goods are of much better quality and comparatively expensive in China itself.
印度可以制造便宜的产品，而且确实如此。但范围不是很大。原因是当你在自己的国家销售商品时，你不能只注重利润，损害你的声誉。一家公司也许能在一段时间内从劣质产品中获利，但这将永远毁掉它的声誉。请注意，中国商品的质量要高得多，而且在中国本身也相对昂贵。
But when it comes to Indian market, the quality is very poor. We hardly know chinese products with their brand name, but with their low price.
但是当中国商品流入印度市场，质量就很差。我们几乎不知道中国产品有什么品牌，只知道他们的价格很低。
Actually chinese products are popular because of their poor quality and extremely low price. Due to this fact, sometimes low quality cheap products manufactured in India are thought to be chinese produced in China. In Delhi, a lot of cheap and low quality goods are manufactured, just like the chinese goods.
实际上，中国产品很受欢迎，因为它们质量低劣，价格极低。由于这一事实，有时在印度生产的劣质廉价产品也被误以为是在中国生产的。在德里，很多廉价和低质量的商品被制造出来，就像中国的商品一样。
Balaji Viswanathan, CEO of Invento Robotics.
A few months ago I was in the Liaoning province in northeastern China. We met the CEO of a smart city there who was offering us rent-free premises for 3 years, a low interest loan [2%] and cheap electricity if we choose to build our robots there.
几个月前，我在中国东北的辽宁省。我们在那里遇到了一个智慧城市的首席执行官，他为我们提供了3年免租金的办公场所，低息贷款[2%]，如果我们选择在那里制造机器人，他们还为我们提供廉价的电力。
chineses really believe that industrialization is crucial to mass employment and need to woo not just large companies but SMEs too.
中国确实认为，工业化对大规模就业至关重要，不仅需要吸引大公司，也需要吸引中小企业。
In contrast, Indian general public attitude towards industrialization is often poisonous. The bureaucrats are too slow to move, the politicians often careless and the common public think “industrialists” make a lot of profits, who just needs to be taxed high.
相比之下，印度公众对工业化的态度往往是讨厌的。官僚们行动迟缓，政客们经常粗心大意，普通民众总觉得“实业家”赚了很多钱，这些人需要被课以重税。
It is far harder to start a factory in India and the interest rates are substantially high. Land prices near major cities are through the roof and the infrastructure abysmal. Thus, industrialists are not able to fully tap into India’s lower wages.
在印度开办工厂要难得多，而且利率也相当高。大城市附近的地价已经涨破天际，基础设施也糟透了。因此，工业家无法充分利用印度较低的工资。
Indians often moan about the low rate of innovation in India. We moan that very few things are made in India. To really make in India, the society has to put industrialization at the highest priority. It cannot be seen as lower priority compared to agriculture and other sectors.
印度人经常抱怨印度的创新率很低。我们抱怨印度制造的东西很少。要真正在印度制造，印度社会必须把工业化放在第一位。工业化不能排在农业和其他部门之后。
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