Donald Trump set to impose tariffs on China, Mexco and Canada - which could disrupt nearly £1.7trillion in annual trade

唐纳德·特朗普对中国、墨西哥和加拿大加征关税，这可能扰乱近1.7万亿英镑的年度贸易额

Donald Trump was last night set to impose stringent tariffs on China, Mexco and Canada in what many fear will spark a global trade war.

President Trump was set to announce tariffs of 25 per cent on goods from Mexco and Canada and 10 per cent on Chinese products, which could disrupt more than $2.1 trillion (£1.69 trillion) in annual trade between those nations and America.

On Friday Mr Trump told reporters he would impose the tariffs as ‘punishment’ on three of the US’s largest trade partners for allowing drugs and migrants to flood into the US.

昨晚，唐纳德·特朗普准备对中国、墨西哥和加拿大加征严苛关税，许多人担心这会引发全球贸易战。

特朗普总统计划宣布对来自墨西哥和加拿大的商品征收25%的关税，对中国产品征收10%的关税，这可能会扰乱这些国家与美国之间超过2.1万亿美元（1.69万亿英镑）的年度贸易额。

周五，特朗普先生告诉记者，他将加征关税，作为对美国最大的三个贸易伙伴的 “惩罚”，理由是这些国家任由毒品和移民大量涌入美国。

The levies – on products such as computer chips, steel, oil, gas and cars – ‘will bring a tremendous amount of money in for our country and bring a rebirth in American manufacturing’, he said. Canada is America’s biggest foreign supplier of crude oil, followed by Mexco.

Mark Carney, frontrunner to replace Justin Trudeau as Canada’s prime minister, has vowed that his country will hit back.

The former governor of the Bank of England said: ‘President Trump probably thinks Canada will cave in. But we are going to stand up to a bully, we’re not going to back down. We’re united and we will retaliate.’

他表示，对电脑芯片、钢铁、石油、天然气和汽车等产品征收的这些关税，“将为我们国家带来巨额资金，并使美国制造业重获新生”。加拿大是美国最大的国外原油供应国，其次是墨西哥。

有望接替贾斯廷·特鲁多出任加拿大总理的热门人选马克·卡尼誓言，加拿大将予以回击。

这位前英格兰银行行长称：“特朗普总统可能认为加拿大会屈服。但我们会直面霸凌者，不会退缩。我们团结一致，必将进行报复。”

美国总统特朗普1日签署行政令，对进口自中国的商品加征10%的关税。美国的这一最新贸易保护措施在国际社会和美国国内遭到广泛反对。

白宫当天表示，对所有进口自中国的商品，美国将在现有关税基础上加征10%的关税。特朗普说，这与他支持的“保护主义措施”相吻合

同日，美国政府还宣布，对来自加拿大和墨西哥的进口商品征收25%的关税。特朗普当天签署关税令，对来自加拿大和墨西哥的进口产品征收25%的额外关税，对来自加拿大的能源资源征收10%关税。关税暂定4日生效。白宫方面表示，如果对美方关税进行报复，美方可能加大关税力度。

以下是英国每日邮报读者的评论：

tenna
While some businesses will look to source goods elsewhere, others with no alternatives will be forced to pay the fees. That means U.S. grocery stores will shoulder higher costs for fruits and vegetables grown in Mexco; homebuilders will pay more for Canadian lumber; and automakers will have to pay a tariff each time a component crosses the northern or southern border, which happens repeatedly during the production of a single vehicle.

部分企业会另觅商品采购渠道，而那些别无他选的企业，则不得不承担这些费用。这意味着，美国的杂货店需为墨西哥产的果蔬支付更高的价格；房屋建造商购买加拿大木材得掏出更多资金；汽车制造商每次有零部件跨越美加或美墨边境，都要缴纳关税，而在汽车的生产过程中，这种情况屡见不鲜。

Justanother
These tariffs are going to increase the pressure on American consumers by driving up prices. There is a reason why we import and that is the low cost goods are produced by people with much lower wages whereas higher wage professions in the US come from non - physical products such as software, healthcare, etc...

这些关税会推高物价，进而加重美国消费者的负担。我们选择进口商品是有缘由的，低成本商品由低薪劳动者制造，而美国的高薪行业多集中在软件、医疗保健等非实物产品领域。

Kufe
so, what goods are on the list? if Canadian lumber products are on the list... you thought home prices are high now, wait a bit, they'll be higher very soon.

那么，清单上都列了哪些商品呢？要是加拿大木材制品在列。你觉得现在房价已然高企，稍等时日，很快就会涨得更高。

inth6iex
There are car parts that cross the border between Canada and USA multiple times in 1 day for different processes before final assembly. Even F - 35 jets use parts made here.

有些汽车零部件在最终组装前，一天内会多次往返美加边境，以完成不同工序。就连F - 35战机，也采用加拿大生产的零部件。

Baron Bleeke
Trade deficit with Country X. US tariffs are imposed. Country X imposes their own, equal tariffs in retaliation. Deficit remains, just with bigger numbers. The same logic behind giving fast - food workers $20/hr. The profit margin has to remain the same, so the price is merely passed along to the buyer. Tell me I'm wrong.

与X国存在贸易逆差，美国便加征关税。X国则以同等关税回击。贸易逆差依旧存在，只是数额变得更大。这与给快餐业员工每小时20美元工资背后的逻辑并无二致。利润率要维持不变，所以成本只能转嫁给消费者。你来告诉我，我哪儿说错了？

wriggly
Sounds about right.. causes 'tit - for - tat' tariff increases. Potentially reduces international trade.. no winners? Pushes prices up, increases inflation!

听起来颇有道理。此举会引发“以牙还牙”式的关税攀升，国际贸易恐受冲击。难道没有赢家？物价会被推高，通货膨胀也会加剧！

hellofromnyc
I’m convinced that Trump doesn’t actually know what tariffs are. He thinks they’re a revenue generator but their purpose is to penalize American companies that buy foreign goods with high taxes.

我笃定，特朗普实际上并不理解关税的实质。他以为关税是增加财政收入的途径，然而关税的真正目的，是以高额税收惩戒购买外国商品的美国企业。

fireant
I don’t think you understand Economics. These tariffs will benefit Americans in the long run. It will force the other countries to lower the prices of their products to be able to compete and sell their products. If American consumers don’t want to pay for the increased prices, who is going to buy their products? They would lose the largest market. Plus, the American government gets both the tax revenue and the consumer gets products for less money. Thirdly, it forces companies to manufacture goods within the country. That equates to more higher - paying jobs.

我觉得你不懂经济学。从长远看，这些关税对美国民众有益。它会迫使其他国家降低产品价格，以维持竞争力并实现销售。倘若美国消费者不愿为涨价买单，还有谁会购买他们的产品？这些国家将失去最大的市场。

再者，美国政府既能增加税收，消费者又能买到更实惠的产品。

第三，这会促使企业在国内开展生产，从而创造更多高薪岗位。

nursemama
Food prices in my area are already increasing, for items that were already sitting on the shelves. Mr President, do you not understand that the cost of a tariff is just going to be passed down to the consumer.

我所在地区，就连原本就摆在货架上的食品，价格都已开始上涨。总统先生，难道您不明白，关税成本最终都会转嫁给消费者吗？

Connie
He has never done anything that would indicate that he actually cares about people and the hardships they face, especially those hardships that he imposes on them.

他从未有过任何举动，能表明他真正关心民众及其所承受的艰难困苦，尤其是他给民众带来的那些困境。

marksun
The 1930 Smoot - Hawley Tariff Act not only wrecked the US and world economies, but made the Great Depression far worse than it needed to be. "Those who fail to learn from history are condemned to repeat it".

1930年的《斯姆特 - 霍利关税法》，不仅重创了美国和全球经济，还让大萧条的严重程度远超预期。“不汲取历史教训者，注定重蹈覆辙。”

Spanishguy
tariffs are paid by final consumer so those tafiffs are eauivalent to higher vat. consume will reduce due high inflation

关税最终由消费者买单，所以这些关税无异于更高的增值税。高通胀之下，消费势必会减少。

Starlight
Why is Trump imposing a 25 percent tariff on Canada, who is a long - standing, friendly ally, while establishing a mere 10 percent tariff on China, who is widely considered to be one of the major adversaries of the United States? It's usually not a good idea to antagonize your friends because you never know when, for whatever reason, you might need them. Canada might need the USA too for that matter, but because our countries are literally connected by land, and because our good trading relations has been so long - standing, I think this might in the end do more harm than good. It unfortunately might only serve to pit neighbour against neighbour, which I think most reasonable citizens in both of our countries do not want. Looking at the big picture, there are times that there really are more important issues to consider than money itself.

为何特朗普对长期友好的盟友加拿大征收25%的关税，却仅对被普遍视为美国主要对手之一的中国征收10%的关税？激怒盟友绝非明智之举，毕竟你无从知晓何时、因何缘由就会需要他们。加拿大或许也会在某些时候需要美国，鉴于两国陆地接壤，且长期保持良好贸易关系，我认为此举最终可能弊大于利。遗憾的是，这可能只会让邻国间相互对立，想必我们两国大多数理智的民众都不愿看到这种局面。从大局着眼，有时确实存在比金钱更重要的问题亟待考量。

Hidest
Canada has a history of selling cheap lumber in the America’s market undercutting out own…And it just isn’t lumber

加拿大长期以来在美国市场低价倾销木材，压低了本国产品的价格……而且这种情况并非仅限于木材。

Shore Bird
Canada does not pay its debts and frankly, you're a third world country,,,,no military, no functioning government and widespread poverty.

加拿大拒不还债，说实话，你们就是个第三世界国家……既无军事力量，政府运转也不灵，贫困现象还普遍存在。

ronnew
Retaliate. 100% tariff on Tesla cars in Canada. Cut off oil and potash completely.

予以回击。对加拿大境内的特斯拉汽车征收100%关税，彻底切断石油和钾肥供应。

Misguided
I’m not a fan of tariffs for mere political points scoring. It will not lead to job growth or prosperity. With China we need to be realistic, yes they have some unpleasant  issues, however we now use China to create so much for so little, many US companies benefit, prices would double if the products were manufactured in the US. Also penalising China will lead to inflation for US citizens. Finally however people feel about China, they should remember that as a nation they have a right to develop and not just be a subservient producer of good to the world.

我不赞成仅为政治得分而征收关税，这无助于促进就业增长与繁荣。对于中国，我们应秉持现实态度。诚然，中国存在一些令人不悦的问题，但我们如今依靠中国以低成本生产大量产品，众多美国企业从中获利。

倘若产品在美国本土生产，价格将翻倍。此外，对中国实施惩罚会导致美国民众面临通货膨胀。无论人们对中国观感如何，都应铭记，作为一个国家，中国有权发展，不应仅仅沦为世界的附属产品生产国。

Mailgal
The problem with China is that they give the precursors of fentanyl to Mexco which ends up in the U.S., killing over 100,000 military - aged Americans each year and is destroying urban neighborhoods.

所谓中国的问题在于，他们的芬太尼前体进入墨西哥，最终流入美国，每年致使超十万适龄服役的美国人丧生，还在侵蚀城市社区。

brightshadow
Trump has done some good things since taking office, but punishing Canada and Mexco, members with USA of the North American Trade Agreement, is an unfriendly act. He doesn't need to do this, and should have handled any complaints he has in a reasonable way. Not the way to treat your friends and allies.

特朗普上任后确有一些建树，但惩罚同为北美贸易协定成员的加拿大和墨西哥，此举实属不友好。他没必要如此行事，本应合理处理自身诉求。这绝非对待盟友的恰当方式。

barra
It’s just a ploy by Republicans to shift the tax burden from the wealthy to the consumer, the middle - class everyday working person. Trump added $8 trillion to the debt during his last term partially because of his tax cuts, he can’t really do much more so his really pretty clever idea is to shift taxes fron income to anything imported, this shifts taxes from high - income people to the middle class.

这不过是共和党将税收负担从富人转嫁到普通中产阶级消费者身上的手段。特朗普上一任期内，因减税等举措使债务增加了8万亿美元，如今他在减税方面难有更多动作，于是想出这个“妙招”，将税收从收入转向进口商品，从而把税收负担从高收入群体转移至中产阶级。

Lollots
Trump doesn’t care about bird flu. He cares about tariffs which will bring the prices of eggs and other groceries up. Simple economics. For years Republicans blamed Biden for food prices. Who you gonna blame this time around—next 4 years? Greenland?

特朗普对禽流感漠不关心，他在意的是关税，而关税会抬高鸡蛋及其他食品价格。这是基本的经济学原理。多年来，共和党一直指责拜登导致食品价格上涨。这次，接下来的四年，他们又打算怪谁呢——怪格陵兰岛？

Lemonde
Trump has not only destabilized multiple global economies he has absolutely played into the hands of all the rogue nations. North Korea, Russia, Iran and many others are sitting back watching him destroy decades of unity and strength across the globe. And all while he and his team wallow in their fortunes and corruption.

特朗普不仅扰乱了多个全球经济体的稳定，还完全落入了一众*氓国家的算计。朝鲜、俄罗斯、伊朗等诸多国家坐山观虎斗，看着他破坏全球数十年来的团结与力量。而他和他的团队却沉浸在财富与腐败之中。

kris
“Mr. Trump sometimes sounds as if the U.S. shouldn’t import anything at all, that America can be a perfectly closed economy making everything at home. This is called autarky, and it isn’t the world we live in, or one that we should want to live in, as Mr. Trump may soon find out… None of this is supposed to happen under the U.S. - Mexco - Canada trade agreement that Mr. Trump negotiated and signed in his first term. The U.S. willingness to ignore its treaty obligations, even with friends, won’t make other countries eager to do deals. Maybe Mr. Trump will claim victory and pull back if he wins some token concessions. But if a North American trade war persists, it will qualify as one of the dumbest in history."

“特朗普先生有时言辞间仿佛觉得美国压根不该进口任何东西，美国完全可以成为一个自给自足的封闭经济体，所有商品皆在国内生产。这就是所谓的自给自足，但这并非我们所处的世界，也不是我们应向往的世界，特朗普先生或许很快就会意识到这一点。

在特朗普先生首个任期谈判并签署的《美墨加贸易协定》框架下，这些本不该发生。美国连对盟友都无视条约义务，这会让其他国家不愿与美国达成交易。或许特朗普先生若赢得一些象征性让步，便会宣称胜利并收手。但倘若北美贸易战持续，那将堪称历史上最愚蠢的贸易战之一。”

Pruner
No one will do business with the USA, that’s ok. We will all trade with other countries instead. It’s a shame because I’m a conservative who supported Trump from Canada but now I feel like he is being a bully. It’s sad because he’s doing a lot of good things, I can’t help but wonder why he would do this (and then not respect Canada’s ability to counter - tariff). I really hope those sources saying he will punish Canada for counter - tariffs are false, or else Trump is a hypocritical maniac.

没人会再与美国做生意，那也无妨。我们都会转与其他国家开展贸易。着实遗憾，我身为来自加拿大的保守派，曾支持特朗普，可如今却觉得他在恃强凌弱。令人难过的是，他也做了不少好事，我不禁思索他为何要如此行事（还不尊重加拿大实施反制关税的能力）。真心希望那些称他会因加拿大反制关税而予以惩罚的消息是假的，否则特朗普就是个虚伪的狂人。

flyingeagle
Dear Donald: I know a great many Canadians who have altered their vacation plans. American cruise lines, American theme parks, destination states such as Nevada, Florida, New York, etc. even American food products are now out the window. The once strong friendship, cooperation, and respect between Canada and America is no more. You have destroyed a relationship that was the envy of the world. You have also shown the rest of the world that America is not to be trusted.

亲爱的唐纳德：我认识众多加拿大人，他们都已更改度假计划。美国的游轮航线、主题公园，像内华达、佛罗里达、纽约等旅游目的地，甚至美国食品，如今都被排除在外。加美两国曾经坚不可摧的友谊、紧密合作与相互尊重，已然不复存在。你毁掉了一段令世界称羡的关系，也向世界其他国家表明，美国不值得信赖。

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