中国落后韩国15年吗

Is China 15 years behind South Korea?

中国落后韩国15年吗？

以下是Quora读者的评论：

Mickelson Moaselle

Korea is way behind china in anything these days, the production capacity of china is eating up all the industry that are traditionally dominated by Korean

The only thing left now is semiconductor because America is supporting Korean semiconductor by banning sales of equipments to China and that's all once china is capable to make its own equipment Korean semiconductor will collapse

如今，韩国在各方面都远远落后于中国。中国的生产能力正在蚕食所有传统上由韩国主导的产业。

现在韩国仅剩半导体产业还能支撑，这是因为美国通过禁止向中国出售相关设备来扶持韩国半导体产业。但一旦中国有能力制造自己的半导体设备，韩国半导体产业就会崩溃。

Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam

South Korea is now behind China in terms of Industrial Development

Chinas Industrial Development is the second highest in Asia and will beat Japan by 2025–2027

South Korea was ahead of China until 2018/2019 , then China caught up and now surged ahead of South Korea

Chinas Industrial development is 1.13 times that of South Korea as of 2024

Globally China is third after Japan and US , recently pip Germany from the third spot

不是的。

韩国目前在工业发展方面落后于中国。

中国的工业发展水平在亚洲排名第二，并且会在2025年至2027年间超越日本。

在2018年/2019年之前，韩国领先中国，之后中国实现赶超，如今已大幅领先韩国。

截至2024年，中国的工业发展规模是韩国的1.13倍。

在全球范围内，中国仅次于日本和美国，位居第三，最近刚刚取代德国占据第三的位置。

不过，这里面关于中国工业发展水平的描述与事实不符，实际上中国工业规模已位居全球第一。

Scott P

China has unilaterally opened up visa-free access for South Koreans, and a large group of South Koreans come to China every weekend. Who is backward and who is advanced? Ask Koreans who have been to China. If you have to know now, all I can tell you is that Koreans going to China is like a bunch of country bumpkins going to the city, whether it is urban construction, culture, history, food, Korea is garbage. Finally, please stop stealing Chinese culture, it is shameful to be a thief. I am worried that more Koreans will come and I don't know what they will steal from China. It is said that some Koreans are going to steal Harbin's ice and snow world.

中国单方面对韩国人开放了免签入境，每个周末都有大批韩国人来到中国。到底谁落后谁先进？问问去过中国的韩国人就知道。如果非要现在搞清楚，我只能告诉你，韩国人来中国就像一群乡巴佬进城，无论是城市建设、文化、历史还是美食，韩国的都一文不值。最后，请韩国别再偷中国文化了，做小偷很可耻。我都担心来更多韩国人，真不知道他们又要从中国偷走什么。听说有些韩国人还打算偷哈尔滨的冰雪大世界呢。

Zhourd

A historic turning point has emerged, and currently, except for a few industries such as semiconductors where South Korea has advantages, most other industries have fallen into difficulties. And the root of this situation was already buried at the begng. South Korea's economy began to rise rapidly in the 1970s, and it was able to take off quickly for three main reasons. Firstly, the United States is willing to support South Korea. Under the leadership of the US dollar, the entire West is eager to transfer its industries to South Korea. South Korea was able to grow rapidly as a result, only worried that its pot was not big enough, rather than not having enough rice to put into the pot. The advantage of South Korea's economic development lies in its territorial limitations, which have become a unique advantage. On such limited land, only a few factories need to be built to radiate to the entire country, which greatly solves the problems of employment and consumption. Moreover, South Korea did not have any real competitors at that time.

一个历史性转折点已然出现，目前，除了半导体等少数韩国具有优势的产业外，韩国多数其他产业都陷入困境。而造成这种局面的根源，在一开始就已埋下。韩国经济自20世纪70年代开始迅速崛起，其能快速腾飞主要有三个原因。其一，美国愿意扶持韩国。在美元的主导下，整个西方都热衷于将产业转移至韩国。韩国因此得以迅速发展，彼时只愁锅不够大，不愁没米下锅。韩国经济发展的优势在于其领土限制，这在当时竟成了独特优势。在如此有限的土地上，只需建造为数不多的工厂，就能辐射全国，极大地解决了就业与消费问题。此外，当时韩国并没有真正意义上的竞争对手。

However, in the process of development, although South Korea had three advantages, they later became three disadvantages. At first, the United States was willing to support South Korea, but it cannot support South Korea forever. Once the United States lets go, the weaknesses of South Korea's distorted economy will be exposed. Due to a single economic system and limited resources, the country heavily relies on the supply of other countries. In addition, the advantage of having a small territory has now become a disadvantage. Although South Korea has a small territory, its developed economy is relatively small in scale. In order to develop industry, South Korea had to sacrifice agriculture, which also led to extremely high domestic food costs, requiring large imports of foreign vegetables and meat every year. The high cost of living leads to an increase in labor costs, which in turn further results in high product costs. When exporting, if the product price is not high, the cost cannot be recovered. In the absence of competitors, South Korea could sell products at high prices, but this did not last long as China, a powerful competitor, emerged.

然而，在发展过程中，韩国起初的三大优势，后来却变成了三大劣势。起初，美国愿意扶持韩国，但不可能永远扶持下去。一旦美国放手，韩国扭曲经济的弱点就会暴露无遗。由于经济体系单一、资源有限，韩国严重依赖他国供应。再者，领土面积小这一曾经的优势如今却成了劣势。韩国领土虽小，但其发达经济的规模相对也较小。为了发展工业，韩国不得不牺牲农业，这也导致国内食品成本极高，每年都需要大量进口外国蔬菜和肉类。高昂的生活成本致使劳动力成本上升，进而导致产品成本居高不下。在出口时，如果产品价格不高，就无法收回成本。在没有竞争对手时，韩国尚可高价销售产品，但随着强大竞争对手中国的出现，这种情况并未持续太久。

Although China started relatively late, it has greater potential and faster development speed. Firstly, human resources. China's huge population base makes South Korea's human resources seem insignificant compared to others. Secondly, the market size. Chinese products are not only widely popular in the domestic market, but also have the ability to enter the global market after accumulating funds and technology. In addition, China's complete industrial system can minimize costs and avoid restrictions from foreign countries. Therefore, we see that Korean products are gradually fading out of the Chinese market. Among the many products that have been eliminated by the Chinese market, daily necessities such as refrigerators and televisions are the first to leave. Samsung's market share in China once reached 13%, firmly holding the top position. However, after 2013, Samsung phones were gradually replaced by domestic phones. In 2021, global shipbuilding orders were almost monopolized by China, Japan, and South Korea. Among the three countries of China, Japan, and South Korea, China holds nearly half of the market share, while Japan and South Korea compete for the remaining orders. This reality is undoubtedly cruel. By 2023, the number of orders in China's hands has exceeded 90%. Therefore, it is not surprising that South Korea is leaning towards the United States under pressure from the Chinese economy. The three countries have joined forces to resist China's economic expansion, but the South Korean economy has not shown any signs of improvement, and only the semiconductor industry is facing challenges from the Chinese industry.

中国虽起步相对较晚，但潜力更大、发展速度更快。首先是人力资源方面。中国庞大的人口基数，使得韩国的人力资源与之相比相形见绌。其次是市场规模。中国产品不仅在国内市场广受欢迎，在积累资金和技术后，也有能力打入全球市场。此外，中国完备的工业体系能够将成本降至最低，并避免受到外国的限制。因此我们看到，韩国产品正逐渐淡出中国市场。在众多被中国市场淘汰的产品中，冰箱、电视等日用品首当其冲。三星在中国的市场份额曾一度达到13%，稳居榜首。然而，2013年后，三星手机逐渐被国产手机取代。2021年，全球造船订单几乎被中国、日本和韩国垄断。在中国、日本和韩国这三个国家中，中国占据近一半的市场份额，日本和韩国则争夺剩余订单。这一现实无疑十分残酷。到2023年，中国手中的订单数量已超过90%。所以，在来自中国经济的压力下，韩国倒向美国也就不足为奇了。三国联手抵制中国的经济扩张，但韩国经济并未出现任何好转迹象，而且就连半导体产业也正面临来自中国产业的挑战。

South Korea was once the last country to become a developed economy, but there is also a possibility of becoming the first developed country to be surpassed by the Chinese economy. This is mainly attributed to South Korea's own vulnerability, as it is located at the border between developed and develo countries, making it difficult to maintain stability. If South Korea firmly stands on the side of the United States, China can only focus on develo independent industries to ensure its own security.

韩国曾是最后一批跻身发达经济体的国家，但也有可能成为首个被中国经济超越的发达国家。这主要归因于韩国自身的脆弱性，它处于发达与发展中国家的边缘，难以维持稳定。如果韩国坚定站在美国一边，中国只能专注于发展自主产业以确保自身安全。

Marlene Rebuelta

It could be. If that is true, china is playing catchup with So korea. China, having that many population, is quite overwhelming . Much less kee up with the rest of the world . Recent reports on the news have been quite devastating as shown on video footage of flooding in parts of China. Plenty of destruction.

有可能是这样。如果这是真的，那中国就是在追赶韩国。中国人口如此之多，发展起来相当惊人。更不用说跟上世界其他国家的步伐了。最近新闻报道中中国部分地区洪水的视频画面相当惨烈，满目疮痍。

Kirby Cho

No, I don’t think so.

I’m sure that China has its way of compensating.

Example: They have a lot of mass, variety, and population of native speakers than Korea. Still well-known internationally (even before I was born).

Why else would China have a large land? It’s not that hard to miss.

What I mean by “variety”, I meant this…

Each region specializes in the cuisine.

Languages

There are over a hundred languages in that country.

Which is ranked the #1 native speaker in the world, followed by Spanish (Español) language, then the English language.

不，我不这么认为。

我确信中国有自己的优势所在。

比如说：相较于韩国，中国幅员辽阔、物产丰富且以汉语为母语的人口众多。并且中国在国际上久负盛名，甚至在我出生前就是如此。

不然怎么解释中国拥有广袤的国土呢？这是显而易见的。

我所说的“丰富多样”是指中国每个地区都有特色美食。

还有语言方面，中国有超过一百种语言。

汉语是世界上母语使用人数排名第一的语言，之后是西班牙语，然后是英语。

GenXKoreanMale

Korean with 12 yrs experience in London, Boston, LA

Is China lagging behind South Korea?

Not a smart question. China has many areas where it leads Korea (and the world) and many areas where it trails Korea. Let me list a few from each. Comparisons of countries are useful and interesting at times, but since the two countries are so different, not sure how useful this is. This is like comparing the Netherlands with Russia. I am in no way claiming one is better than the other

我是一位在伦敦、波士顿、洛杉矶有12年生活经历的韩国人

中国落后于韩国吗？

这可不是个明智的问题。中国在很多方面领先于韩国乃至世界，也有不少方面落后于韩国。下面我各列举一些。国家之间的比较有时既有用又有趣，但由于这两个国家差异巨大，不确定这种比较能有多大用处。这就好比拿荷兰和俄罗斯作比较。我绝不是在宣称一方比另一方更好

China leads Korea

Gross GDP size (China #2 in world, Korea ~#12), manufacturing % within GDP (38%!!), manufacturing volume·skill and quality in almost all commodity products, AI research and usage, number of patents (anything that has to do with quantity, China is ahead), economic growth rate (%) for the past 10 years, trade surplus, foreign currency reserves, mobile payments, gross vehicle production, esp EVs, gross shipbuilding tonnage. Almost all areas of space exploration and rocketry and satellites.

More than 5,000 years of continous, documented history. Arguably the country with the richest set of historical treasures and artifacts. Number of inbound foreign tourists. Number of armed forces and military fire power. CO2 emissions. Solar panels produced. Amount of oil and coal reserves.

The shortest amount of time that a nation pulled one billion people out of poverty in world history.

Lately Chinese folks tell me every time Korea and China come up that the Chinese now eat more meat per capita than Koreans. Hilarious fact (the fact that this is tracked at all), funnier that they tell me so. Good for them.

In sum, in spite of everything (or perhaps because of it), the only country in the world that can be called a superpower besides the USA. I have a lot of respect for China. Most Koreans do

中国领先韩国的方面：

国内生产总值（GDP）总量，中国世界排名第二，韩国约排第12位，制造业在GDP中的占比高达38%！，几乎所有大宗商品的制造规模、技术和质量，人工智能研究与应用，专利数量（但凡涉及数量，中国都领先），过去10年的经济增长率（%），贸易顺差，外汇储备，移动支付，汽车总产量，尤其是电动汽车，船舶总建造吨位。几乎在太空探索、火箭技术和卫星的所有领域。

拥有超过5000年连续且有文献记载的历史。可以说中国是历史珍宝和文物最为丰富的国家。入境外国游客数量。武装部队人数和军事火力。二氧化碳排放量。太阳能电池板产量。石油和煤炭储量。

中国是世界历史上在最短时间内让10亿人口脱贫的国家。

最近中国人每次跟我提到中韩对比时，都说现在中国人均肉类消费量比韩国人高。这事实很有趣，更有趣的是他们会跟我说这个。这对他们来说是好事。

总之，尽管历经种种（或许正因如此），中国是世界上除美国之外唯一可被称为超级大国的国家。我非常尊重中国。大多数韩国人也尊重中国

Korea leads China

Per capita GDP (nominal, real, PPP), political freedom (Korea is multi-party politics, as evidenced by pro-North Korea crazy left parties — sometimes I wish we could ban them like China), freedom of press (there is no state censorship (used to be — again, sometimes I wish there was!)), productivity level (as measured by GDP and GNI per employed person; most “per capita” measures, Korea is ahead), export of media and entertainment consumed outside of country, HDI (Human Development Index).

Number of hours worked. Number of suicides per capita (I told you!).

Number of Presidents who were killed/killed themselves/thrown in prison (my count is 7). RAM (memory) semiconductor production. World TV market share. Number of plastic surgeries per capita (in fact, Korea is world number 1). Low fertility rate (again, world number 1 by a wide margin). Number of North Korean spies (hundreds? thousands?).

In sum, the bullied kid on the crazy East Asia block that should have perished but somehow turned out … (sort of) alright and slightly crazy. I have a lot of love for my motherland but because I do, I see its many flaws.

Getting back to the question — China leads Korea in many categories, and China trails Korea in many categories. Note that not all categories are good to be the leader.

So the answer depends on which categories you think are important. Both are wonderous in their own rights, and both have a lot of work to do.

韩国领先中国的方面：

人均GDP（名义、实际、购买力平价），政治自由度（韩国是多党制政治，亲朝的疯狂左翼政党就是证明 —— 有时我真希望我们能像中国那样取缔他们），生产力水平（以每个就业人员的GDP和国民总收入衡量；大多数 “人均” 指标，韩国领先），对外输出的媒体和娱乐产品消费量，人类发展指数（HDI）。

人均工作时长。人均自杀率。

遭遇暗杀、自杀或入狱的总统数量（我统计是7位）。随机存取存储器（RAM）半导体产量。全球电视市场份额。人均整容手术数量（事实上，韩国世界第一）。低生育率（再次，大幅领先成为世界第一）。朝鲜间谍数量（几百？几千？）。

总之，韩国是东亚这片疯狂区域里曾被欺负的孩子，本应消亡却不知怎的发展得还行，且有点疯狂。我爱我的祖国，但也正因如此，我看到它的诸多缺陷。

回到问题本身，中国在很多方面领先韩国，在很多方面也落后于韩国。注意，并非所有领域领先就是好事。

所以答案取决于你认为哪些方面重要。两国都有其独特的精彩之处，也都还有很多工作要做。